毕业论文英文致谢

英文毕业论文流程(英语毕业论文答辩流程)

1.英语毕业论文答辩流程

首先你要做5分钟左右的presentation，那部分内容包含1 : why you choose this topic ;2:what is the main content of your thesis: 3:What is the problem still in your paper （也即是你论文中你觉得哪些需要后来的学者继续研究或者也可从你论文不足的地方讲几句）。

其次你开始回答问题，通常是3或4个问题。这部分你准备时，1. 一定要将自己论文中的各个标题记熟。很多老师就针对其问问题。2.你文中所用的术语，其definition要能说出。 3.如果你在上部分presentation未说明你为什么选择这个论题时。老师也可能对此提出问题。4.也有可能询问你撰写的论文对语言学习有什么帮助。

嘿嘿 ，个人看法。你的格式最好要少些瑕疵，有些老师就专挑格式错误，他们认为这能反映你的态度是否端正。还有答辩老师未必有那么多时间看。而这个错误最为明显。

提前将abstract和conclusion背一背。答辩时态度谦逊些。自信些，老师都不大会为难我们。祝你好运。

2.英语专业毕业论文要如何着手进行

英语专业翻译方向毕业论文选题参考：地方名胜古迹汉译英探析语境在翻译中的作用商标的翻译广告语言的翻译论英汉互译中的语义等值问题中西文化差异与不可译性英汉谚语的理解和翻译浅谈颜色词在英语中的翻译英语比喻性词语中文化内涵及翻译英语意义否定表现法及其汉译浅谈新闻标题的翻译伟大的翻译家严复英语长句汉译简评《简？？爱》的几种汉译本英语专业本科论文所涉及的专业方向 （一）英语语言习得理论研究 该方向着重研究英语语言学及语言习得的相关理论与实践，可着重讨论某一种语言现象产生的原因及具体表现或某一语言理论在实际生活、教学中的运用。

学生可以进行：1.英语修辞研究；2.文体研究；3.英汉比较研究；4.各类语体研究；5.语法研究；6.词汇研究等。 （二）教学理论与教学法该方向主要研究英语教学的理论与实践以及相关的教学指导原则和具体的方法，选题应着重探讨英语教学的方法，可具体到某一课程的教学理念、策略和方法的应用及效度，现代教育技术在英语教学中的应用与探索。

学生可以进行：1.英语学习策略研究；2.英语学习焦虑研究；3.英语测试研究；4.英语教学法研究；5.英语教学策略研究；6.计算机辅助英语教学研究等。 （三）商务英语文本研究该方向着重研究商务英语文本文体，语言特点及相关的翻译实践问题。

学生可以进行：1.商务英语语言特征研究；2.商务英语文体研究；3.商务英语翻译理论研究；4.商务英语翻译时间探讨；5.商务英语翻译标准探讨等。 （四）翻译理论与实践该方向着重研究英汉互译过程中的口、笔译理论、翻译标准、原则、方法及技巧。

论文选题可选择评论赏析某一翻译家或某一本（篇）著名的译作，或论述某一种翻译理论的技巧在实践中的运用，也可讨论某一翻译现象中所反映的文化内涵。 学生可以进行：1.翻译理论研究；2.翻译家研究；3.翻译史研究；4.文学翻译研究；5.非文学翻译研究；6.翻译过程研究；7.翻译批评研究；8.翻译的接受与影响研究；9.翻译教学研究；10.翻译标准研究；11.典籍翻译研究等。

（五）英美人文与历史研究 该方向主要研究英美国家的社会、文化、人文、历史各个方面的具体内容，既可宏观也可微观地研究或比较英美国家的某一历史阶段的社会问题或文化现象或评论某一历史事件或历史人物，或跨文化交际方面的相关内容。 学生可以进行：1.英美社会制度、社会问题研究；2.英美历史问题、历史人物研究；3.英美文化现象研究；4.西方宗教研究；5.西方影视作品研究；6.跨文化交际研究等。

（六）英美文学研究该方向主要研究英美文学史及各时期的文学流派，作家，作品的文体与写作风格。论文可选择做某一文学理论或作家作品的分析、评论，比较中西文学作品或作家，分析作品中的主题或人物角色。

学生可以进行：1.文学流派研究；2.作家研究；3.作品评论或分析；4.文学批评理论研究；5.中西文学作品的比较研究等。

3.英语专业毕业论文要如何着手进行

提供一些英语专业毕业论文的题目，供参考。

语言学研究： 美国黑人英语和政治背景 措词与语境 从中式英语的现状看其发展趋势 中式英语之争：希望与现实 中国英语与国际交流 从英语发展史来分析汉语热的趋势 如何使中式英语成为标准英语？ 论中式英语成为英语主要方言之一的巨大潜力 政治委婉语在伊拉克战争中的使用 浅析英语委婉语 浅谈英语委婉语的社会心理基础及其语用语义特征 英语委婉语构成及其社会功能 歧义的语用研究以及对英语学习的启示 英语句子歧义初探 模糊词在人际交往中的应用 英语语言中的性别和种族歧视现象 男女英语言语习惯的差异 英语广告中的双关语的分类及其修辞作用 网络英语新词的形成及其特点 词汇发展中的特殊现象——非术语化 被动语态在商务英语中的语用作用 从礼貌的视角看性别的语言行为差异 翻译研究： 商务合同英汉互译技巧 英文品牌汉译 知识对于翻译的重要性 中英文化差异及其对英汉互译的消极影响 英语广告中修辞手法的应用及其翻译 <<红楼梦>>金陵判词两种译文的比较及评析 从红楼梦诗词翻译看翻译中的文化补偿 关于李后主“虞美人”的3种英译本的鉴赏 跨文化交际与商标翻译 中式菜肴的命名与翻译 浅谈英语电影片名的翻译 英文电影片名的翻译策略 英文化妆品广告之美学翻译 数字在中西文化中的内涵差异及数字习语翻译初探 浅析原语文本在目标语文本中文体的适应性 英语习用语翻译中的等效性研究 论语境在英汉翻译中的作用 浅析英语动画片翻译的基本原则 中英服饰广告的翻译 论英汉翻译中语篇连贯的重要性 论译者的风格与译风 经济英语中的隐喻及其翻译 从翻译的美学角度浅析旅游资料的中英译 英语教学： 语言测试在英语学习中的重要性 比较中西课堂教学及其对学生能力培养的影响 游戏在儿童英语教学中的运用 小学英语情趣教学漫谈 论中学英语教学中跨文化意识的培养 课堂气氛对高中英语教学效果的影响 记忆在语篇理解过程中的作用 记忆在词汇习得中的作用 谈英语阅读的制约因素及对策 跨文化交际中的体态语和中学英语教学 分析具有中国特色的双语教学 非智力因素在大学生英语学习中的影响 英语教学中的情感因素 论外语自主学习中师生的角色 让我们的思绪飞扬---浅谈在英语课堂教学中影响学生发言主动性的因素 C2C贸易中的写作技巧 大学生英语写作问题研究 文化词及其在外语教学中的功能 英语学习策略的成功案例 文化差异对阅读理解的影响 浅谈多媒体辅助英语教学及教师角色的改变 论母语文化在英语教学中的地位 英语教学中的文化导入 文化研究： 西方的个人主义 浅析咖啡在中国迅速传播的原因 从情景剧《家有儿女》看中国家庭教育方式的西化 中国中产阶级及其消费文化 诗酒中国 爱琴海孕育的浪漫与真实—希腊神话所呈现的西方文化特征 希腊神话中的英雄与民族象征 从拜占庭式到哥特式——建筑背后的中世纪欧洲文化及其影响 从文化角度看电影黑客帝国 语言和文化在国际商务谈判中的作用 英国的绅士文化日趋没落 北京2008奥运会带来的文化碰撞与融合 跨文化研究： 东西方时间观念的跨文化比较 中国神话与希腊神话的比较 希腊和中国创世神话的比较 中西创世神话初探 中英文广告语言特点对比 中英文中颜色词的文化内涵 论中西方对颜色象征意义的不同观点 红颜真的祸水吗？—中外男权视角下的女性形象 外国人居住在中国的文化冲突 浅析中西方世界遗产保护之差异 中西方餐桌文化的差异 中西休闲文化差异 中西礼仪文化差异 中西数字文化差异 中西住宅文化差异 中西方“孝”观念比较 汉英“死”的委婉语比较 中美慈善文化之比较 中美大学生课外活动中体现的文化差异 中美年轻人婚姻观的对比 从中美婚俗对比看美国文化 中美婚恋性观念对比分析 中英婚俗面面观 中国七夕节与西方情人节比较 中西方青少年早恋问题初探 论中西方文化因素对国际商务活动的影响 探究中西社会称谓的文化差异 希腊悲剧与现代悲剧的比较 东西方重大节日的文化比较 中美企业文化比较---以中国正泰集团和美国通用电气公司为例 中外企业文化比较 跨文化交际中的语言禁忌 中西方礼貌用语的对比研究 三十六计在商务谈判中的运用 数字在中西文化中的内涵差异及数字习语翻译初探 浅析中西方的方位“左”“右” 观和左撇子的社会地位 中国大学专业技能教学与美国大学人文通识教育之比较 幽默的民族性——中英文幽默对比比较 英汉成语的对照与对比 英汉动物习语分析对比 “吃”的隐喻英汉对比的研究 中国商人与穆斯林商人商务风格之差异 从《刮痧》看中美文化差异 从吕燕现象看中西审美差异 从商人在历史上的地位比较中西文化的差异。

4.英语毕业的论文怎么写

英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行，即英语文学，语言学和翻译学。

各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向，具体解释如下： 1.英语文学：选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。 在进行国别文学研究选题时，一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家（如海明威），某一经典作品（如《双城记》），某一写作手法（如象征手法的运用）或某一文学思潮（如浪漫主义运动）作深入研究。

但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名，容易引起学生的兴趣，如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》，学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。

在不可避免上述情况时，应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义，不能流于肤浅的分析。 文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生，因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段，本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。

这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论，一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。 比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。

这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的（如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”），也可以是不同国别的（如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》） 2.语言学：选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行：普通语言学和应用语言学。 普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究，如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究（如“一般现在时及其交际功能”）。

应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。

在这个方向选题，也要避免过大范围的选题，而应对一个具体问题进行研究，最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有：“个性与英语教学”，“方言对英语学习的影响”等。

3.翻译学：翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行：翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。

相比之下，对翻译活动的研究更多一些，这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究（如“汉语成语的英译”）。应该注意的是，在对翻译活动作研究时，往往需要某种翻译理论支撑，总结规律，并对这一活动作出评价，要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。

二.英语专业毕业论文格式要求 学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。 （一）前置 1.英文封面：由论文英文题目、解释、作者、指导老师姓名和职称、时间组成。

2.目录：由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成，排在英文封面之后另页。 3.中、英文内容摘要：摘要是论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，宜以最简洁的语言介绍论文的概要、作者的突出论点、新见解或创造性成果以及实验方法、数据或结论，是一篇完整的短文，可以独立使用，中文摘要一般在200字左右 4关键词：关键词是用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。

为便于文献检索，学位论文应注明三至五个具有代表意义中、外文“关键词”，这些关键词就是论文的中心词，以显著的字符另起一行，分别排在中、外文摘要的左下方。各关键词之间用“分号”隔开。

外文关键词应与中文关键词相对应。 （二）主体部分 主题部分包括引言（Introduction）、正文（Body）、结论（Conclusion）、参考文献（Bibliography）。

主体部分必须由另页右页开始。 1.引言：主要说明研究工作的目的、涉及范围、相关领域的前人研究成果和知识空白、研究设想、研究方法等方面的概述、理论意义和实用价值等。

2.正文：论文的正文是核心部分，占主要篇幅。一般论文选题需要从几个方面来论述或论证。

要求论据充分，论点明确。行文必须实事求是，客观真切，准确完备，合乎逻辑，层次分明，简练可读。

正文部分要有分级标题，章、条、款、项的序号编码方法，采用阿拉伯数分级系列编号法，论文中的章、条、款、项依次排列，依次从1开始，连续编号，中间用“.”相隔，最末级编号之后不加点。示例： 1. 2.…… 2.1 2.2…… 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3.… 2.2.3.1 3.结论：学位论文的结论是最终的、总体的结论，它是对正文部分的论述的概述，也可以在结论或讨论中提出建议、研究设想、尚待解决的问题等。

4.参考文献：写作学位论文过程中，阅读或运用过某些文献所列出的书目清单，置于正文之后，另页开始。参考文献的著录按原文献语种为原则。

（1）文献目录应另页书写，外文文献排前，中文文献排后。外文文献书名须用斜体。

（2）文献目录一律按作者姓氏汉语拼音或外文字母顺序排列。 （3）每条文献必须顶格写，回行时空两字或五个英语字母。

（4）将各文献的类型代号（即文献英文名的首字母）注明在文献之后： 专著[M] 学位论文[D] 论文集〔C〕 报纸文章〔N〕 期刊文章〔J〕 报告[R] 专利 [P] 专著、论文集的析出文献[A] 其他未说明文件 〔Z〕 电子文献中光盘图书 [M/CD](MONOGRAPH ON CD) 网上期刊〔J/OL〕（serial online） 5。.。

5.如何开始写英文论文

英语论文你按这些方法和步骤应该没什么大问题

【毕业论文的内容可以涉及语言知识、与语言有关的问题（如，语言教学、文化等）和相关专业的知识和内容（如经济、贸易、管理、市场营销等）。其他内容，须经论文审题小组集体审定。学生有选择的论文内容的自由，指导教师可以提出建议，但不能代替学生做出决定。论文内容要能反映社会和时代特征，具有理论价值或实践意义，有新颖性。论文可以对某个理论问题的探讨，也可以是实践问题的解决。论文不仅要反映学生的综合能力，而且要反映他们对相关问题的较为正确的论述，要有一定的独立见解。论文必须做到主题明确、论据清晰、内容具体而充实，切忌空谈。写翻译的论文，除实例分析外，还要提供原文的译文，以便弄清译论的依据。如果论文是实践性的，它必须提出一定的解决途径、方案。】

当你选定方向后，可以先把想到题图给带你的老师看看，如果觉得可行，你就得开始找资料，边看边写了，当然再写的过程中，论文的格式是一定一定的注意的，我自己就因为格式问题被老师打回来一次！

总的来说，论文分三部分：首先是introduction（引言），其次body（正文），最后就是conclusion（结论）了。在引言之前，还有一段abstract（摘要）和key word（关键词），这个不需要写多，大概300左右的样子。在全文后的conclusion（结论）也写完后，需要把你的参考文献一一列出（这块我也有点记不清了，记得这块的格式比较麻烦，不过在老师带你们的时候应该都会讲到的，注意听记好笔记很重要，因为这块有时候老师要求的格式会和你在网上查到的论文格式不一样，我之前就引文这被重打下来修改的），然后最后就是致谢（Acknowledgement）。

还是附加一段我们班长给的资料：（不过还是一定要多听老师的讲解以及要求哦，格式这块很麻烦的，忘了说，打印有时候也会出现麻烦，最好能到学校里打印论文比较有经验的地方进行最后打印！）

【论文的格式：

论文的规格：正文长度 5,500—8,500 单词。

使用的语言：英语

论文分题目、引言、正文、参考文献、致谢等部分。

引文要注明出处。直接引用要加引号，间接引文要以转述的方式出现。然后以括号把引文来源写清楚：（作者名，年份，引文所在页码）

论文正文部分：

1、题目大写，三号字，新时代罗马字，大写下面可写一个附标题，4号字；

2、作者名，5号字，班级，学号

3、指导教师名，5号字，职称

4、摘要：用300词，5号字， 英文一页，中文一页

5、关键词：不能用专有名词，词与词之间空四格（或一个Tab键），不加标 点符号

6、正文：用5号字， 大部分标题用5号字黑体、小部分、小小部分。大部分 用罗马字，小不 分用一般数字符号：

引言：引入正题，不超过2段

I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X.

II. 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 。

III. 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3/ 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3, / 3.1.1. …

7、结论

8、参考文献（Bibliography）：先英文，后中文，作者名，出版年月，文章名/书刊名，出版社，地点

9、致谢（Acknowledgement） 】

6.英语专业的毕业论文从准备到完成大概需要多长时间

这与你所在学校有关.一般先有选题，由导师确定你的论文题目是否可行，之后你要做论文的提纲，开题报告，提交资料，等这些都交给导师后，他觉得你可以做论文了便给你下达任务书.一般写完一稿后他会批改，时间很长.之后是二稿，论文不错的学生在二稿结束后，导师会说三稿不用交，直接定稿啦！不同的学校会在这段时间下发不同的表格，让你填写有关论文的情况.比如我的毕业论文（英语专业）花了半年.实际所花的时间最多两个月，一稿，二稿，定稿之间搞马拉松.一定要有谦虚，谨慎的态度对待论文的质量，否则它会被随时枪毙.我的同学就有答辩前一个月重新写的.。

7.英语毕业论文答辩怎么准备

正式答辩开始，下面是我的部分发言：

尊敬的评委老师以及在座的各位同学：大家早上好。我是X级XX专业的XX，很高兴在这里论文答辩，希望今天能为我20年的学生生涯画上一个完满的句号。（这句可是我琢磨了半天的经典啊）

下面，论文答辩 论文答辩ppt 论文答辩技巧，就我毕业论文的选题原因，国内外研究现状，研究目的，研究方法，研究内容，研究结论等问题向大家做一个简单的汇报。

之所以选择这样一个论文题目，主要是基于以下三方面的考虑：…………

以上是我毕业论文的一些基本情况，欢迎各位老师批评指正（这句话挨了一顿批，答辩主席先给我个下马威。这句可是我上网时看到的，以示谦卑，没想到犯了本本主义错误。答辩之前最好是多答辩评委老师的性格爱好都有个底，尤其是答辩委员会的主席，他可是一把手），谢谢。

在答辩中有一些小体会，这里与大家分享，希望对大家有所帮助。

答辩分为三个阶段：陈述期（20-25分钟）、提问期、回答期，三个阶段大致一个多小时左右一个人。

在陈述期的20分钟，有的学院要答辩者做PPT，有的则不用；有的陈述时要脱稿，有的则可以看稿子。在这个阶段，一般情况下没有老师在听你讲什么，他们都在低头看你给他们发的论文和论文简介，因为这么厚的论文是没有老师有时间看的，他们也都是临阵摸枪，看个大概。所以在这一阶段，你的任务就是磨时间，注意语气要平缓，要稳，发言时尽量不要太专业化，没有人听你讲晦涩的理论，当然，更不能拉家常，说一些你们邻居家怎们怎么的事情，这显得你太没专业素养和水准。总之，这个度要拿捏好。注意观察老师和同学的表情，察言观色才是硬道理。

在提问期这个阶段，聆听是你的主要任务。老师会为你磨时间。有本校的老师，一般都会先评价下你的论文，当然是说很多好话的，这都是讲给答辩委员会主席听的。接下来就是提问，老师提问的时候你要记好他的问题，理解他的意思。在记得时候要注意把你回答的要点关键字一起写上，因为老师问完了你就要回答的，如果你反应比较快，你可以把老师的问题分类做个概述，然后按类作答，这样更显得你这孩子不错。

回答之前要对老师的评价和建议表示感谢，接下来回答老师的问题。第一个问题，先念一下题目，然后作答。作答时忌讳一盲目自大，得意洋洋，一副欠抽的样子，忌讳二信心不足，慌里慌张，没有底气，一副心虚的样子。要知道论文是你写的，你看的相关东西比他们多，所以你可以大胆的说，只要自圆其说即可。在这一阶段回答时要言简意赅，一语中的，废话少说，言多语失，能说就说，不能说的就说自己在这方面写论文的时候也考虑过，但考虑的不充分。忌讳的是不知道了就不说话，大家都不说话，气氛就凝固了，在论文答辩中如果没人说话，那就不好了，所以一定要说，哪怕你说不会，也比不说好。

值得一提的是，老师提问的问题有大有小。有对理论的，所以你要对你论文的理论了如指掌，尤其是一些相近的名词，尤其是长的差不多的词，比如这次我们同学的社会资源、社会资本、社会关系这三个词就让老师给缠了半天；有对方法的，所以你要对你做的调查细节注意再注意，不要有闪失。应付的东西老师都能看出来，人家干了这么多年，眼睛都很毒的；有对细节感兴趣的，所以你要对你的论文的逻辑结构、句子通顺与否、措词、错别字、标点尤其是摘要部分注意注意再注意注意，在这些方面出问题显得你不够认真仔细，所以校对时要下功夫，可以和同学交换校对，因为我们对自己写的东西，挑错别字是很困难的。摘要就那么点字，又在论文开头，这可是门面啊，还有最好有个后记，感谢之类的话，虽然老套，但咱们读了这么多年的书也应该感谢一下老师，必须的嘛。

答辩通过基本上是十拿九稳的，但是咱们也不能弄的太难看。自己丢人无所谓，给导师丢人就是罪过了。为了导师，为了自己，也要好好表现。好了，基本上就说这么多吧，各个专业各个学校的情况不一样，我说的只是一家之言，仅供参考而已，希望对大家有些帮助。

关于音乐的英文毕业论文(帮帮忙：音乐论文摘要英文翻译)

1.帮帮忙：音乐论文摘要英文翻译

Jean as the king of Musical Instruments, after three hundred years, its evolution and development of artistic performance achieved high realm, piano accompaniment is separated from which a special kind of independent academic discipline. The 18th century later, with the Musical Instruments of pop, piano accompaniment is widely used in vocal music art in other styles, piano accompaniment is not generally in the sense of "TuoQiang protect tone," but as a unique artistic form in vocal music occupies an important position.Overview of our country middle and primary school textbooks of years sing just with accompaniment spectrum is rare, is almost entirely single melody. Facing the ChanSheng department songs can be found everywhere, many music teachers teaching material to spontaneously impromptu accompaniment offers form, creatively made every song have multi-tone accompaniment factors. But as to the present music teachers' basic primary impromptu accompaniment offers, it seems, the situation is not optimistic. For now in singing piano accompaniment situation, vocal piano accompaniment ability the enhancement become particularly important.In this paper, only singing from the piano as the accompaniment of Angle, through instruments of vocal piano accompanist to remove adjustable basic quality (technical mastery, piano touching clavier processing, solo part playing skills as well as to the comprehension of the pieces) and piano accompanist and the singer cooperation (piano accompaniment and singing breathing coordination, piano accompanist and the singer cooperation process) two aspects to talk about in vocal music, piano accompaniment perfect correspondence with the singing.。

2.帮帮忙：音乐论文摘要英文翻译

Jean as the king of Musical Instruments, after three hundred years, its evolution and development of artistic performance achieved high realm, piano accompaniment is separated from which a special kind of independent academic discipline. The 18th century later, with the Musical Instruments of pop, piano accompaniment is widely used in vocal music art in other styles, piano accompaniment is not generally in the sense of "TuoQiang protect tone," but as a unique artistic form in vocal music occupies an important position.

Overview of our country middle and primary school textbooks of years sing just with accompaniment spectrum is rare, is almost entirely single melody. Facing the ChanSheng department songs can be found everywhere, many music teachers teaching material to spontaneously impromptu accompaniment offers form, creatively made every song have multi-tone accompaniment factors. But as to the present music teachers' basic primary impromptu accompaniment offers, it seems, the situation is not optimistic. For now in singing piano accompaniment situation, vocal piano accompaniment ability the enhancement become particularly important.

In this paper, only singing from the piano as the accompaniment of Angle, through instruments of vocal piano accompanist to remove adjustable basic quality (technical mastery, piano touching clavier processing, solo part playing skills as well as to the comprehension of the pieces) and piano accompanist and the singer cooperation (piano accompaniment and singing breathing coordination, piano accompanist and the singer cooperation process) two aspects to talk about in vocal music, piano accompaniment perfect correspondence with the singing.

3.有关音乐的英语作文

Singing Contributes to a Joyful Mind（歌唱带来欢乐）

Of all the things that make me happy, singing is what I like to do best. I sing for no particular purpose. In short, I sing for fun. There is no limit to what I sing, so long as it can let out my emotion and pass the pleasant voice to others. It is something more satisfactory and exciting to draw echoes from them. It is nothing bad to spread joy around, is it? As you can tell, singing is my second life.

在所有使我快乐的事中，唱歌是我最喜欢做的一件事。我唱歌不是为特别的目的。简言之，我为快乐万唱。我唱什么歌并无限制，只要它能发泄我的情绪，稚快乐的声音传给周遭的人就好了。能够引起他们的共鸣更是一件令人满意、兴奋的事。把欢乐散布四方不是件坏事，是吗？你可以看出，唱歌是我的第二生命。

Music in my life

Music is an important part in my life,I even can't live without music.

Acturally,I like many kinds of music,I'd like to talk about my favorite music here.Well,I like Irish folk music best,New age is Irish style,and it's mixes some morden melody,it sounds very nice and pure,can bring you into the never land and dream land,just relax,and forget all the problems.I like Enya,she is a very famous New age singer,her song just like the voice of heaven,her song is as nice and beautiful as herself!

I'm not keen on American pop songs,they are terrible for me!The melody is not soft and nice at all!So fast and strong beat,too exciting,and can't hear them clearly.I can't stand the strong beat,that nearly make me fainted!

In a word,music has an very important place in my life.As for the importance of music to my life,I think you can guess,it just like meals and sleeping,I can't live without it.Does anyone want to take it away from me,I'm gonna fight him and never give up!

4.关于流行音乐的英文文章

Pop is short for popular, and it's remained the defining term for the ever-changing music favoured by the public. Although not specifically applied until the middle of the 20th century, pop music as such can be traced by a few decades before that.Since the year 2000 there's been a dearth of major new stars, relying mostly on established talent. Several younger artists have come and gone, and new styles have briefly emerged, but nothing appears to have gained a major foothold besides modern R&B, which owes little to its soulful predecessor, but a lot to hip-hop - which itself has become a pop style.。

5.关于音乐的英语作文有哪些

Music in my life Music is an important part in my life,I even can't live without music. Acturally,I like many kinds of music,I'd like to talk about my favorite music here.Well,I like Irish folk music best,New age is Irish style,and it's mixes some morden melody,it sounds very nice and pure,can bring you into the never land and dream land,just relax,and forget all the problems.I like Enya,she is a very famous New age singer,her song just like the voice of heaven,her song is as nice and beautiful as herself! I'm not keen on American pop songs,they are terrible for me!The melody is not soft and nice at all!So fast and strong beat,too exciting,and can't hear them clearly.I can't stand the strong beat,that nearly make me fainted! In a word,music has an very important place in my life.As for the importance of music to my life,I think you can guess,it just like meals and sleeping,I can't live without it.Does anyone want to take it away from me,I'm gonna fight him and never give up! 1. most students prefer to listen to pop music. however, there are still a small proportion who likes classical music.2. listening to music is a way of relieving stress for the students 3. in school, there are music lessons where students can take the chance to perform their talents4. personally, i like both pop and classical music. they are two very different genres and they give me two very different feelings, depending on my mood. when i am upset or bored, i like to listen to pop because it gets me high with its catchy tunes and rhythms. when i am feeling frustrated or when i need to calm myself down, i like to listen to classical music because it has soothing effects.Many people like music. It has many sorts: soft music is graceful, rock music fast, classical music GREat, light music relaxing, and children, music interesting. You can pick and choose whatever you like. Now popular songs are in fashion. If you like music, you usually like singing, too. I am no exception. My brother and I like pop songs, and my parents like to listen to soft music. We are a musical family. Do you like music? Is your family full of music, too? Music is really GREat! I like it very much.。

6.求一篇关于欧美流行音乐艺人的英语小论文

Sarah Brightman was born on 1960s August 14th. Her beautiful vioce was named "the vioce comes from paradies",and that made her famous in the opera"Cat".Then, she was noticed by Chris Webber who directed "The Phantom of the Opera".In 1992s, she became well-known and sang "Friends for Life". Also she sang the song "You and Me" on the 2008 Beijing Olympic Game as well.还没写完，请你再稍等几天吧。

顺便问一下：1.你上大学吗？ 2.开头可以吗？。

7.关于音乐的影响和作用的英语作文

Music could be created in any place when you have inspiration. At most times, we enjoy music like symphonic music. Even pop music, there is needn't to understand what are they wanting to tell us. We just need to hear it carefully. Therefore, music shouldn't have national boundaries.

According to my personal experience, music has a more positive effect on our life. When we are in a blue mood, we could listen to some foreigner song. Such as, My Love, the Funeral of Hearts and Close to the flame etc. The music is that we needn't to realize what are they singing. When you listen to their rhythm and style, you will feel your heart be touched and shake in a blue mood. Then, you will be enlightened and acquire power.

On the other hand, different music could promote society develop. As everyone knows, KFC and Mcdonald's are popular in China, as well as, there is nothing in the world can delight me so much as having a hamburger in these store. There are three major reasons and other details. The foremost reason first one is convenience. Second is save time. The third is delicious. However, the detail is also essential for the fast-food store. Music is one of them. The music rhythm is factor that if they play a smooth music, the customer will find the taste of food better. If the store plays a rapid pace of music, people will eat their food more speedily when the store is rush time. That will provide more desk and table for client to available.

Music has more effect and application of us around that I was not mentioned. In a word, music helps country and people more good than harm.

8.求一篇关于欧美流行音乐艺人的英语小论文

Sarah Brightman was born on 1960s August 14th. Her beautiful vioce was named "the vioce comes from paradies",and that made her famous in the opera"Cat".Then, she was noticed by Chris Webber who directed "The Phantom of the Opera".In 1992s, she became well-known and sang "Friends for Life". Also she sang the song "You and Me" on the 2008 Beijing Olympic Game as well.

还没写完，请你再稍等几天吧。

顺便问一下：1.你上大学吗？ 2.开头可以吗？

毕业论文可以模仿英文吗(本科毕业论文是不是一定要用中文写,不能用英文写)

1.本科毕业论文是不是一定要用中文写,不能用英文写

我感觉根本就没有这方面的规定，我刚才查了好多地区教育部门下发的关于毕业论文的红头文件，里没根本没有规定毕业论文必须是中文，但毕业论文中都提到字数，我想所谓“字数”就是论文中中文的字数，我英文不是很好，不太会数英文的字数，只能数出字母数来。。所以即使你在这件事上要叫针的话，然估计教育部门给你的答复肯定是用中文写。

中国人嘛，还是用中国文字写比较好吧。。只是可怜你还得把英文翻译过来了。。我想等你翻译过来后，你的英文水平也会有不小的提高的。。这可是两全齐美的事啊！！！

2.英语专业论文,如果把几篇汉语文献翻译成英语,拼凑成一篇论文,算

1，算抄袭。抄袭的判断标准是内容抄袭，不论什么语言、什么形式。

2，不会被计算机系统检测出来。我们的计算机系统是简单比对。每个字和字母在计算机里都是一个二进制编码串。计算机系统检测，说白了就是对比一个个二进制编码串是否一样。如果一样的比较多，就怀疑抄袭。计算机系统还无法做到理解内容的水平，只是形式对比。所以它不可能检测出来汉语和英语之间是否内容一致。

3，你的老师有可能看出来。人脑的对比主要是内容对比，辅以极少量的形式对比（看看找不同游戏，计算机可以瞬间找出形式不同，人就费了劲了）。所以如果你的老师脑子里有你抄袭的那几篇中文文献，再一看你的英文论文，马上就能发现抄袭。所以你如果要这么干，就是赌一把，赌你的老师没看过那几篇中文文献。

3.毕业论文在网上复制粘贴,然后自己翻译成英文可以吗

查重是一个匹配的过程，是以句为单位，如果一句话重复，就很容易判定重复，所以：

1）如果的确是经典的句子，就用上标的尾注的方式，在参考文献中表达出来；

2）如果是一般的引用，就采用罗嗦法，将原句中省略的主语、谓语、等等添加全，反正哪怕多一个字，就是胜利；

3）也可以采用横刀法，将一些句子的成分，去除，用一些代词替代；

4）或者是用洋鬼子法，将原文中的洋名，是中文的，就直接用英文，是英文的直接用中文，或是中文的全姓名，就用中文的名，如果是中文的名，替换成中文的姓名；

5）故意在一些缩写的英文边上，加上（注释）（画蛇添足法），总之，将每句话都可以变化一下，哪怕增加一个字或减少一个字，都是胜利；

6）如果是引用，在引用标号后，不要轻易使用句号，如果写了句号，句号后面的就是剽窃（尽管自已认为是引用）。所以，引用没有结束前，尽量使用分号。有些人将引用的上标放在了句号后面，这是不对的，应该在句号之前；

7）可以将文字转换为表格、表格基本是查重不了的，文字变成图形、表格变成图形，一目了然，绝对不会检查出是重复剽窃。

毕业论文中文翻译英文(毕业论文中文翻译英文啊)

1.毕业论文中文翻译英文啊

Inventory is refers to the enterprise in the production process to the sale or consumption and reserves of material. It is a reflection of the enterprise floating capital barometer, throughout the enterprise production and management of each link, not only occupied the capital, but also variety. On the inventory management the focus is to improve the efficiency and reduce the inventory to control the proportion of stock capital in two aspects. Inventory of current assets of enterprises, is an important part of enterprise assets. Inventory management is directly related to the utilization efficiency of funds of enterprises, especially state-owned enterprises. Therefore, a reasonable choice of inventory management approach, to improve business results have important influence. In this paper, the enterprise inventory management problems, through access to relevant information, and then use their own knowledge and put forward the corresponding solution measures.

Keywords: inventory management measures

2.翻译 毕业论文中文翻译成英文~

The Existing Problems of Film and Television Utilization in the Language Curriculum of Primary Schools and the Relevant Countermeasures Abstract:Science and technology are changing constantly and the internet technology is advancing by leaps and bounds. Nowadays, information technology has covered every aspect of people's life; one can know everything under the sun even without leaving his home. Dependence on the internet by the teaching activities is also increasing by the day, the development and utilization of the film and television resources is gradually becoming the major means of teaching aids too. In other words, film and television programs have become an important curriculum resource favored by educators. With the characteristics of the times, this curriculum resource undoubtedly will bring about a good teaching effect to a certain extent; however, under the present situation, it will also bring about many problems. The study of this paper is to discover the problems existing in the utilization of film and television resources in the primary language course, and to search for the causes from the three aspects of teachers, students and parents, as well as to explore effective measures for solving the problems, so that the film and television resources can provide a better service to language teaching.Key words: film and television resources; primary school language; problems; effective measures.。

3.毕业论文 用英语怎么说

毕业论文的英文翻译是thesis，音标是英 [ˈθi:sɪs] 美 [ˈθisɪs] 。

thesis

n.论文，毕业论文；论点，论题；命题

扩展例句

1、There is no empirical evidence to support his thesis.

他的论文缺乏实验证据的支持。

2、How well does this thesis stand up to close examination?

这个命题经得起推敲吗？

3、He has finished his thesis.

他的论文完成了。

4、She's finished writing her thesis.

她那篇论文写出来了。

5、Please write an abstract of this article 〔 thesis 〕.

请写一份这本书〔这篇论文〕的摘要。

The article has a clear-cut thesis and arguments, but lacks reasoning.

文章论点、论据鲜明，但缺乏论证。

4.毕业论文中英文翻译~求英语好的帮忙

最近好像都是翻译论文摘要We all know that there is an bleak, sorriness aroma in Irene Zhang's novel which is lingering and memorying.The aroma has close relation with her own love course and culutre edification. is full of this aroma as one of her work. It is a novel that humanity lies in every words and tell us a few gentle love stories in old shanghai.The actors had once put all thier heart to love each other and hopeing could live together forever, while, the happiness could not last long there is only endless sorriness and peace left in the end. This novel is written by Irene Zhang in an cooling view.This work manifestate the enduring sorriness from its illustration of words, shaping of figure to organizing of scenario. This discourse is aiming at demonstrate the bleak and sorriness aroma in this novel from the aspects of words, figures and scenarios.Key words:Irene Zhang sorriness bleak aroma。

5.毕业论文中英文翻译~麻烦大家了~我给高分啊

The university student commits suicide the correlation factor with prevents the abstract: Some experts pointed out that university student's psychological question produces the root mainly comes from the society with individual two aspects, speaking of the social aspect, the social economy accelerates to develop, to urge the competition to be day by day intense, causes university student's crisis feeling to strengthen, causes the university student to constrain intense, causes psychological balance being out of balance, produces the psychological barrier, simultaneously in school arduous study duty, steep competition between schoolmate's, the intense social responsibilities create intense and the pressure, the compound fraction neglect overall quality training the shopping online and the monotonous after school life have the enormous influence to the psychology, but individual aspect's reason first is the mood is unstable causes some schoolmates to encounter a difficulty lacksThe calm ponder, to the setback by a generation of surface, draws conclusions from a part, causes in life Mongolia the gloomy tone, even has lost life confidence; Next is the individuality flaw, causes itself to isolate with majority of schoolmates, comes and goes freely, isolates finally with the collective, falls into the pain. Selfish, oversuspicious, eccentric, lazy often is these person's natural enemy. Therefore this article utilizes the crisis intervention theory, committed suicide the present situation from the university student to obtain to analyze the correlation factor which and the analysis the university student committed suicide, and the intervention measure which proposed for the effective prevention university suicidal behavior with intervenes the strategy by stages. key word: The university student commits suicide the correlation factor intervention measure to intervene by stages。

6.毕业论文中文翻译成英文

Inventory is to show enterprise in producing management course for sales or production and reserves of the material. It is a reflection of the enterprise capital flow barometer, passes through in enterprise production and management of each link, not only takes up the funds, and wide variety. The key to the inventory management is to improve the efficiency and inventory control to reduce inventories of the capital proportion two aspects. Inventory belong to enterprise's liquid assets, is an important part of enterprise assets. The inventory management directly related to enterprise funds utilization efficiency, especially the state-owned enterprise. Therefore, reasonable selection of inventory management methods, to improve the management of the enterprise have important influence on the results. This paper expounds on the enterprise inventory management problems, through the access relevant information, and then learned their ?。

毕业论文附图英文(英语毕业论文的范文和格式)

1.英语毕业论文的范文和格式

Generally speaking, a speech may have the following stylistic characteristics: To begin with, it must be very persuasive. Thus the sentence patterns are very well-organized, with repetitions, parallelism and contrasts frequently used. Secondly, it should be emotional so as to be convincing, because the speaker should face the audience directly and his words should not only be orderly and informative but also be expressive and inspiring. Therefore, the stylistic devices such as similes and metaphors are often involved. Finally, in many cases, written-conversational style is usually used with not very formal diction and not very complicated sentence structure. Bibliography: [1]. Martin Luther King, Jr., I Have a Dream, August 28, 1963 [2]. Wang Shouyuan, Essentials of English Stylistics, Shandong University Press, July, 2000 [3]. Pan Shaozhang, English Rhetoric and Writing, Shanghai Transportation University Press, December, 1998 [4]. Widdowson, H. G. Stylistics and the Teaching of Literature, Longman, 1975 [5]. Leech, G. N. “ 'This bread I break' Language and interpretation”. In D.C. Freeman. (ed.). Linguistics and Literature Style. New York:Holt, Rinhart & Winston. Acknowledgements: It was really a laborious task to accomplish a B.A thesis. Many people gave me support and help in the process of writing the paper. I'd like first to give my grate to my dear teacher, vice professor Mr. Liu Fagong, who generously gave me his kindly help and instructions during the whole process of my paper-writing. Then I'd like to give my many thanks to my classmates who helped me a lot with my information collecting and paper-polishing. Most important of all, I want to give my thanks to my mother university and all the teachers in the English College, who educated and cultivated me to be a qualified teacher in the future. A Brief Introduction to the Author: Su Zhanghai, a student in Class One 1988 Grade, majoring in English Education, and a well-to-be teacher in Shandong Agricultural University, who whole-heartedly gives his best wishes to all the teachers in Qufu Normal University.Article resource :。

2.求毕业论文英文翻译资料,有关图像处理的

图像处理 image processing

参考

MATLAB在图像处理中的应用 Applications of MATLAB in Image Processing

英文文献 英文版本（超全面的）

.sg/search?hl=en&q=image+processing&meta=

华文版本

positing or optical compositing (combination of two or more images). Used in filmmaking to make a "matte"

Interpolation, demosaicing, and recovery of a full image from a raw image format using a Bayer filter pattern

Image editing (e.g., to increase the quality of a digital image)

Image differencing

Image registration (alignment of two or more images)

Image stabilization

Image segmentation

Extending dynamic range by combining differently exposed images

3.跪求一篇英语毕业论文

Jane Eyre — A Beautiful Soul Jane Eyre, is a poor but aspiring, small in body but huge in soul, obscure but self-respecting girl. After we close the covers of the book, after having a long journey of the spirit, Jane Eyre, a marvelous figure, has left us so much to recall and to think: We remember her goodness: for someone who lost arms and blinded in eyes, for someone who despised her for her ordinariness, and even for someone who had hurt her deeply in the past. We remember her pursuit of justice. It's like a companion with the goodness. But still, a virtuous person should promote the goodness on one side and must check the badness on the other side. We remember her self-respect and the clear situation on equality. In her opinion, everyone is the same at the God's feet. Though there are differences in status、in property and also in appearance, but all the human being are equal in personality. We also remember her striving for life, her toughness and her confidence… When we think of this girl, what she gave us was not a pretty face or a transcendent temperament that make us admire deeply, but a huge charm of her personality. Actually, she wasn't pretty, and of course, the ordinary appearance didn't make others feel good of her, even her own aunt felt disgusted with it. And some others even thought that she was easy to look down on and to tease, so when Miss Ingram met Jane Eyre, she seemed quite contemptuous, for that she was obviously much more prettier than 'the plain and ugly governess'. But as the little governess had said: 'Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong!' This is the idea of equality in Jane Eyre's mind. God hadn't given her beauty and wealth, but instead, God gave her a kind mind and a thinking brain. Her idea of equality and self-respect impress us so much and let us feel the power inside her body. In my mind, though a person's beauty on the face can make others once feel that one is attractive and charming, if his or her mind isn't the same beautiful as the appearance, such as beauty cannot last for, when others find that the beauty which had charmed them was only a falsity, it's not true, they will like the person no more. For a long time, only a person's great virtue, a noble soul, a beautiful heart can be called as AN EVERLASTING BEAUTY, just as Kahill Gibran has said, that 'Beauty is a heart enflamed and a soul enchanted'. I can feel that how beauty really is, as we are all fleshly men, so we can't distinguish whether a man is of nobleness or humbleness, but fleshly men, so we can't distinguish whether a man is of nobleness or humbleness, but as there are great differences in our souls, and from that, we can know that whether a man is noble or ordinary, and even obscure, that is, whether he is beautiful or not. Her story makes us thinking about life and we learn much from her experience, at least, that is a fresh new recognition of the real beauty.。

4.毕业设计外文翻译

Introduction to Civil Engineering Papers Civil Engineering for the development of a key role, first as a material foundation for the civil engineering construction materials, followed by the subsequent development of the design theory and construction technology. Every time a new quality of building materials, civil engineering will be a leap-style development.People can only rely on the early earth, wood and other natural materials in the construction activities, and later appeared in brick and tile that artificial materials, so that the first human to break the shackles of natural building materials. China in the eleventh century BC in the early Western Zhou Dynasty created the tile. The first brick in the fifth century BC to the third century BC, when the tomb of the Warring States Period. Brick and tile better than the mechanical properties of soil, materials, and easy to manufacture.The brick and tile so that people began to appear widely, to a large number of housing construction and urban flood control project, and so on. This civil engineering technology has been rapid development. Up to 18 to the 19th century, as long as two thousand years, brick and tile has been a major civil engineering construction materials, human civilization has made a great contribution to the even was also widely used in the present.The application of a large number of steel products is the second leap in civil engineering. Seventeen 1970s the use of pig iron, the early nineteenth century, the use of wrought iron bridges and the construction of housing, which is a prelude to the emergence of steel.From the beginning of the mid-nineteenth century, metallurgical industry, smelting and rolling out high tensile and compressive strength, ductility, uniformity of the quality of construction steel and then produce high-strength steel wire, steel cables. As a result of the need to adapt to the development of the steel structure have been flourishing. In addition to the application of the original beam, arch structure, the new truss, a framework, the structure of network, cable structures to promote the gradual emergence of the structure of Yan in the form of flowers.From the brick building long-span structures, stone structures, a few meters of wood, steel structure to the development of tens of meters, a few hundred meters, until modern km above. So in the river, cross the bridge from shelves, on the ground since the construction of skyscrapers and high-rise tower, even in the laying of underground railway, to create an unprecedented miracle.In order to meet the needs of the development of steel works, on the basis of Newton's mechanics, material mechanics, structural mechanics, structural engineering design theory came into being, and so on. Construction machinery, construction technology and construction organization design theory also development, civil engineering from the experience of rising to become science, engineering practice and theoretical basis for both is a different place, which led to more rapid development of civil engineering.During the nineteenth century, 20, made of Portland cement, concrete has come out. Concrete can aggregate materials, easy-to-concrete structures forming, but the tensile strength of concrete is very small, limited use. By the middle of the nineteenth century, the surge in steel production, with the emergence of this new type of reinforced concrete composite construction materials, which bear the tension steel, concrete bear the pressure and play their own advantages. Since the beginning of the 20th century, reinforced concrete is widely used in various fields of civil engineering.From the beginning of the 1930s, there have been pre-stressed concrete. Pre-stressed concrete structure of the crack resistance, rigidity and carrying capacity, much higher than the reinforced concrete structure, which uses an even wider area. Civil Engineering into the reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete dominant historical period. Concrete buildings to bring about the emergence of new economic, aesthetic structure in the form of engineering, civil engineering so that a new construction technology and engineering design of the structure of the theory. This is another leap in the development of civil engineering.A project to build the facilities in general to go through the investigation, design and construction in three stages, require the use of geological prospecting projects, hydro-geological survey, engineering survey, soil mechanics, mechanical engineering, engineering design, building materials, construction equipment, engineering machinery, building the economy , And other disciplines and 。

5.英语本科毕业论文范文

不知道下面这个能否合你要求。

呵呵 （因字数有限制，我可发给你） 英语本科毕业论文 The Spirit of Revolt of Tess --Study in Tess of the D'Urbervilles Thesis statement: Everyone knows that Tess's life is a great tragedy, but she is still a courageous woman who dares to fight by all means. In order to defeat the unfortunate fate she always resists the decadent society, the traditional concept, and the hypocrisy religion. Outline Ⅰ.Brief Introduction to Tess of the d'Urbervilles A. Women's role in industrial movements during 19th century in England B. A brief commentary of the novel 1. the writer --Thomas hardy 2. general introduction of the novel Ⅱ.Tess's spirit of revolt all through her life A. Tess's fight to the moribund society 1. the moribund society 2. Tess's fight to the moribund society B. Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept 1. the traditional moral concept 2. Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept C. Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion 1.the hypocritical religion in that time 2. Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion D. Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage 1.Tess's unfortunate marriage 2. Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage Ⅲ.Conclusion: In a word, Tess has shown a powerful woman's image to common people with her unyielding spirit of revolt. She, to the moribund society, traditional old morals, hypocritical religion, capitalist marriage system, has carried on the strongest revealing and criticism. Her kindhearted enlightenment, noble emotion, strong personality, and her resistance in imbuing all rooted in the hearts of the people forever, worth savoring. Abstract This paper mainly focuses on the spirit of revolt of Tess. First of all, this paper begins with a brief introduction to the novel. Then, this paper makes a brief commentary of the novel. Moreover, it concentrates on :(1) Tess's fight to the moribund society. (2) Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept. (3) Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion. (4) Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage. And at last the paper reveals that Tess is actually a character with the spirit of revolt all through her life. key words:tragedy,Spirit of revolt,industrial movement,unfortunate fate 内容提要 本文研究的是小说主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”。首先，本文对小说的背景做了介绍。

然后，对文本进行简要评论。再次，本文主要从以下四个方面对文本主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”进行集中讨论：（1） 苔丝对腐朽社会的抗争；（2） 苔丝对传统的道德观念的反抗；（3） 苔丝对伪善的宗教的反抗；（4） 苔丝对不幸婚姻的反抗。

最后，揭示出苔丝整个人生经历中的反抗精神。 关键词：悲剧，反抗精神，工业运动，不幸命运。

6.毕业论文 用英语怎么说

毕业论文的英文翻译是thesis，音标是英 [ˈθi:sɪs] 美 [ˈθisɪs] 。

thesis

n.论文，毕业论文；论点，论题；命题

扩展例句

1、There is no empirical evidence to support his thesis.

他的论文缺乏实验证据的支持。

2、How well does this thesis stand up to close examination?

这个命题经得起推敲吗？

3、He has finished his thesis.

他的论文完成了。

4、She's finished writing her thesis.

她那篇论文写出来了。

5、Please write an abstract of this article 〔 thesis 〕.

请写一份这本书〔这篇论文〕的摘要。

The article has a clear-cut thesis and arguments, but lacks reasoning.

文章论点、论据鲜明，但缺乏论证。

7."毕业论文"英文怎么表达啊,谢谢

diploma work

毕业论文

His graduation thesis is coming on quite well.

他的毕业论文进展良好。

It is time to start work on my thesis.

差不多该写毕业论文了。

He is already start his thesis?

他已开始写毕业论文了吗？

she worked assiduously on the senior thesis.

她认认真真地做她的毕业论文。

As a senior, Peter is writing his thesis.

作为大学四年级学生，彼得正在写毕业论文。

For the remain six credit hour, you can either write a thesis or take two more selected courses.

剩余的六个学分，你可以选择写毕业论文或者选修两门课。

degree paper

学位论文

A treatise; an essay.

论文；散文

dissertation for academic degree;thesis

学位论文

英文毕业论文讲解ppt(英语专业毕业答辩ppt模板)

1.英语专业毕业答辩ppt模板

就用ppt自带的模版 越素越好 推荐蓝底白字或白底黑字 字都加粗

在ppt中不要出现句子 顶多是词组

大概15页左右

第一页写题目 作者 导师

第二页写 outline 讲的时候注意介绍各部分的逻辑关系

第三页写 literature review 或者叫 theoretical basis 几句话带过就行 这个不重要

第四页开始写主体部分 多用表格

最后是conclusion 要写limitations

答辩一般是十到十五分钟 千万别超时

2.英语本科论文文学方向答辩ppt应包含些什么内容

Good morning, distinguished teachers andclassmates. My name is Futing and my supervisor is Fangyan. , I have finishedmy paper, with her sincere guidance. Although she is not here, I'd like toexpress my gratitude to her. Now I will present my efforts to you andgratefully welcome any corrections.The title of mypaper is “An Analysis of the Characterization of theGrotesque in Winesburg, Ohio” Next, it is thecontents of my paper. Introduction presents an brief introductionto Sherwood Anderson and Winesburg, Ohio. Anderson(1876-1941) is one ofthe most important writers on American short story in 20th century. He earns areputation as “a writers' writer”. Winesburg, Ohio, This book has 25 shortstories and it gives us a vivid description of the living condition and socialenvironment of grotesque..Here, Anderson defines the grotesques asthe combination of the twist and sweetness. No matter how horrible they seem tothe ordinary people's eyes, they still have so many and shining qualities whichmake them sweet and beautiful. Moreover, Anderson never mean to make thegrotesques ugly, but takes them as examples to present the unsuccessful people'slife in America in his times.In this part, I discussed the images in details bygiving 3 examples.Then, the thesis turns to a detaileddiscussion of the characters. I put weight on the physical deformities and thepsychological problems. Their physical deformities are outside signs orexpressions, such as Doctor Reefy's “large knuckles of his hands” thereare two kinds of representative psychological problems. The first problem istheir inability to communicate, the grotesques cannot find a right way tocommunicate with each other. The second is their inability to distinguishillusion and reality, so, the grotesques are unable to live happily in reality. Whereafter, This part studies the causes ofgrotesquery. The causes include the personal causes and the social causes. In conclusion, Sherwood Anderson's use of“grotesque” is quitedifferent. He shows great understanding towards them. Although they havephysical deformities and psychological problems, they never give up the searchfor love and understanding. In modern society, we are all facing the high-speeddevelopment of technology and economy, as well as the weakness in human nature.In this case, people need more powerful inner support and even stronger belieffor a better life.作品特点，Though its structure seems loose,Winesburg, Ohio is unified in time, place, character, theme, style, and form togreater extent than any of his later connections,functionalfigure George Willard. this novel gives us a vivid description of theliving condition and social environment of Winesburg grotesques.主题，show the indifference between people Many of Anderson's contributions to Americanliterature reflect his own struggles between the material and spiritual worldsas husband, father, author, and businessman and also cover issues aswide-ranging from labor conditions to marriage.Triumph of the egg The Purpose ofmy paper is to make contributions so that we can know more about the grotesqueand their complicated world. Besides,I try to find out the significant meaningbehind grotesque.The Significanceof my paper is : A.To let the readers make sure about what is grotesques and their complicatedinner world and their struggle between the social reality and the ideal. B. Toimprove my own research levels from both the theoretic aspects and thepractical aspects.personal causes, they need love but they don't communicate.Always indulging in their own world. 不堪回首的往事，mostof them fail to satisfy their wishes.social causes, in the background of a transition of America from theagricultural society to the industrial society.工业发展，快速发展的价值观破坏了他们的生活，是他们无法适应时代只是一味的坚持自己的真理Personal 通过小城镇反映了整个美国的状态 安德森被认为是美国现代小说的指路标，小城畸人打破了人物“不是好人就是坏蛋”定型的写法 The reason ,I have read this novel in the literaturecourse.I just wondering what is grotesque? And I even don't know the meaning ofthe word. I wanna know more about it.WHAT IS G: it'skind of people who take one of the truths to himself and try to live by it thenbecome a grotesque.。

3.英语本科论文文学方向答辩ppt应包含些什么内容

Good morning, distinguished teachers andclassmates. My name is Futing and my supervisor is Fangyan. , I have finishedmy paper, with her sincere guidance. Although she is not here, I'd like toexpress my gratitude to her. Now I will present my efforts to you andgratefully welcome any corrections.The title of mypaper is “An Analysis of the Characterization of theGrotesque in Winesburg, Ohio”Next, it is thecontents of my paper. Introduction presents an brief introductionto Sherwood Anderson and Winesburg, Ohio. Anderson(1876-1941) is one ofthe most important writers on American short story in 20th century. He earns areputation as “a writers' writer”. Winesburg, Ohio, This book has 25 shortstories and it gives us a vivid description of the living condition and socialenvironment of grotesque..Here, Anderson defines the grotesques asthe combination of the twist and sweetness. No matter how horrible they seem tothe ordinary people's eyes, they still have so many and shining qualities whichmake them sweet and beautiful. Moreover, Anderson never mean to make thegrotesques ugly, but takes them as examples to present the unsuccessful people'slife in America in his times.In this part, I discussed the images in details bygiving 3 examples.Then, the thesis turns to a detaileddiscussion of the characters. I put weight on the physical deformities and thepsychological problems. Their physical deformities are outside signs orexpressions, such as Doctor Reefy's “large knuckles of his hands” thereare two kinds of representative psychological problems. The first problem istheir inability to communicate, the grotesques cannot find a right way tocommunicate with each other. The second is their inability to distinguishillusion and reality, so, the grotesques are unable to live happily in reality. Whereafter, This part studies the causes ofgrotesquery. The causes include the personal causes and the social causes. In conclusion, Sherwood Anderson's use of“grotesque” is quitedifferent. He shows great understanding towards them. Although they havephysical deformities and psychological problems, they never give up the searchfor love and understanding. In modern society, we are all facing the high-speeddevelopment of technology and economy, as well as the weakness in human nature.In this case, people need more powerful inner support and even stronger belieffor a better life.作品特点，Though its structure seems loose,Winesburg, Ohio is unified in time, place, character, theme, style, and form togreater extent than any of his later connections,functionalfigure George Willard. this novel gives us a vivid description of theliving condition and social environment of Winesburg grotesques.主题，show the indifference between people Many of Anderson's contributions to Americanliterature reflect his own struggles between the material and spiritual worldsas husband, father, author, and businessman and also cover issues aswide-ranging from labor conditions to marriage.Triumph of the eggThe Purpose ofmy paper is to make contributions so that we can know more about the grotesqueand their complicated world. Besides,I try to find out the significant meaningbehind grotesque.The Significanceof my paper is : A.To let the readers make sure about what is grotesques and their complicatedinner world and their struggle between the social reality and the ideal. B. Toimprove my own research levels from both the theoretic aspects and thepractical aspects.personal causes, they need love but they don't communicate.Always indulging in their own world. 不堪回首的往事，mostof them fail to satisfy their wishes.social causes, in the background of a transition of America from theagricultural society to the industrial society.工业发展，快速发展的价值观破坏了他们的生活，是他们无法适应时代只是一味的坚持自己的真理Personal 通过小城镇反映了整个美国的状态安德森被认为是美国现代小说的指路标，小城畸人打破了人物“不是好人就是坏蛋”定型的写法The reason ,I have read this novel in the literaturecourse.I just wondering what is grotesque? And I even don't know the meaning ofthe word. I wanna know more about it.WHAT IS G: it'skind of people who take one of the truths to himself and try to live by it thenbecome a grotesque.。

4.论文ppt答辩,开场白怎么说,英文的,

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic's significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures' background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes' failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.Thank you!。

毕业论文可以英文吗(本科毕业论文是不是一定要用中文写,不能用英文写)

1.本科毕业论文是不是一定要用中文写,不能用英文写

我感觉根本就没有这方面的规定，我刚才查了好多地区教育部门下发的关于毕业论文的红头文件，里没根本没有规定毕业论文必须是中文，但毕业论文中都提到字数，我想所谓“字数”就是论文中中文的字数，我英文不是很好，不太会数英文的字数，只能数出字母数来。。所以即使你在这件事上要叫针的话，然估计教育部门给你的答复肯定是用中文写。

中国人嘛，还是用中国文字写比较好吧。。只是可怜你还得把英文翻译过来了。。我想等你翻译过来后，你的英文水平也会有不小的提高的。。这可是两全齐美的事啊！！！

2.英语专业的论文需要用全英文吗

我是英语专业毕业，以下为个人经验：

1.英语专业的论文需要用全英文吗？

当然要用全英文。从头到尾（除了封面），包括摘要、正文。文献参考，都要用英文书写。

注意：标点符号要切换为英文标点。

2.论文写哪个方向的更容易些？

论文方向的话，首先要看你自己的兴趣在哪里。我当时写的是翻译方向的，因为个人兴趣。

说到容易的话，我觉得考虑到以后的答辩，翻译方向、英美文学方向比较好些。语言学什么的，我驾驭不住。

有什么问题可以再问我。

不要轻信小广告！！

如果满意，请记得 点击本页面中的“选为满意回答”按钮，（*^__^*） 谢谢~~.

毕业论文的体会英文(求英文论文关于英语学习体会一篇寒假英语学习总结一篇1000字左右)

1.求英文论文 关于英语学习体会一篇 寒假英语学习总结一篇 1000字左右

1.体会 I think learning English needs a lot of practice !we need to practise listening,writing,reading ,watching ,talking and thinking in English. By listening we can improve our ability in understanding others.So I listen to tapes every morning!By writing we can improve our expressing our minds.I keep a diary every two days,which helps me a lot! By reading we can make our sight larger and learn much more knowledge that we cannot in Chinese!I fall love in reading!By watching English videos we can know how to correct our spoken English!By talking in it we will understand how great our English is and it can give us a lot more confidence!So when i meet a foreigher I never miss him/her!By thinking in English can let us get into the language deeply.Although it sounds hard to us,we should believe a great saying"Practice makes perfect!" 2.总结 I did my winter holiday home work every day.Besides,I read many English stories,which helped me a lot.I enjoyed reading interesting ones and I could translate them into Chinese and told my parents and they were always pleased.My parents allowed me to surf the net an hour a day and it brought me a great deal of pleasure!From some blogs I learn that success needs one's hardwork!I often tell myslf,"No pains,no gains!",which is also my motto.By learning English in the holidays I believe that in the coming semester my English will be greater and greater! THanks to you ,my dear English teacher for your advice before the winter holidays.I will follow and carry on your spirit in learning English forever!Thanks again!。

2.英语学习收获英文版论文

" "OK!" "Now, Zhou Hua, please." Zhou Hua answered in a lowvoice, "I am like hamburgers, so I often eat hamburgers." We all laughed. "What? Do you look like hamburgers? I don't think so! I know you mean that you like eating hamburgers. But your sentence was wrong. You can't use 'any', we know 'like' here is a preposition. 'be like' means '像……'，however, 'like' used as a verb, means '喜欢'. Now you should say, I like eating hamburgers. Do you understand?" That was an interesting class. I remembered something about the word. It's great fun to learn English. I thank Miss Yang very much.（第二篇）享受学习英语的乐趣 在“我和你，心连心，同住地球村”的今天，英语早已成为我们生活中不可或缺的一部分。

我们每一个人，都必须尽自己最大的努力去学习英语，掌握英语，也只有熟练地掌握了英语，我们也才能更加自由自信地去拥抱这个绚丽多姿的世界，放飞我们的梦想。因此，一直有越来越多的朋友希望我能为大家提供一些学习英语的方法和技巧。

英语是我的专业，更是我的爱好，在学习英语的路上，我和大家一样，也是在不断探索不断前进。在这里我只是把自己在与英语亲密接触后的一些心得体会毫无保留地告诉所有的朋友们，希望能对大家有所帮助。

对于每个刚刚步入课堂的孩子来说，培养学习兴趣是最重要的，尤其是英语作为一门语言，与数学物理那样的学科不同，需要更多地在日常的使用中不断提高和巩固学习的内容。因此，我认为小学时的英语课堂上应当处处洋溢着欢声笑语，充满乐趣。

通过在英语课堂上放一些英语儿歌，或是一些英文原版动画片，能够让这些刚刚推开英语宝库之门的懵懂好奇的孩子在欣赏与放松中首先充分领略英语的美好与魅力。自然而然地，他们的注意力都会在那些优美的旋律和有趣的故事情节之外也被这门奇妙的语言所吸引，在一步步拉近与英语的距离的过程中，也让每一个孩子的英语学习变得更加轻松与快乐。

但九层之台，起于垒土，搭建英语这座大厦也需要稳固的地基，从学习英语的第一天起，我们就一定要培养起良好的学习习惯，坚持单词记忆，不断扩大词汇量，脚踏实地，点滴积累，这样才能最终让属于自己的英语大厦高耸入云。进入中学时代后，英语的学习任务和学习难度都会增大，我们也必须端正态度认认真真地对待。

英语学习是一段非常需要持之以恒的耐心与毅力的慢慢征途，从纠正发音到背单词，从背单词到学写简单的句子，从简单的句子到短小的段落，再从短小的段落到一篇流畅的文章……每一个脚印都必须踏踏实实地迈好，每一个环节都至关重要，不能有丝毫的放松和懈怠。我们每一个人都应当给自己制定详细的英语学习计划：比如坚持每天上课认真记课堂笔记，晚上回家首先写英语作业；坚持每天迎着朝阳早早起床朗读英语课文、背诵单词，晚上临睡前听听英语磁带，伴着耳边的美妙英文进入梦乡；坚持把单词抄在小本子上，每天在往返于学校和家之间的路途中一有空就捧在手里背一背……虽然的确需要我们付出极大的艰辛和努力，但我相信，在英语这片土地上，我们洒下的每一滴汗水都会最终收获丰硕的果实。

当然，学习英语努力固然重要，但是也必须掌握正确的学习方法。举例说来，背单词，死记硬背只能勉强收到一时的效果，随着时间的推移必然会逐渐淡忘，成效甚微。

记单词的关键是要学好音标，掌握音标的规则之后记忆单词就变成了一件简单有效的事情了。同时，要掌握新学的句型和语法，一个极其有效的好方法就是坚持记英文日记，这样既能对当天学习的句型和单词加以运用，又能不断培养和提高英语的写作能力。

至于听力，只听课文是远远不够的，平时可以经常听一听英语广播，那里面精彩有趣的英语故事不仅可以锻炼我们的英语听力，还可以让我们学习到一些课本以外的知识……只要掌握了学习的窍门，就可以轻松而愉快地学习英语，达到事半功倍的效果。同时，滴水穿石的恒心和毅力是学习任何学科都必不可少的，英语更是如此。

与数学相比，英语作为一门语言更加需要我们在平时的点滴积累中逐渐提高学习能力。所以，千里之行，始于足下，每天的点滴积累对于英语学习自然是至关重要的。

直至现在我都非常庆幸自己在一开始就养成了每天早上晨读和背单词的好习惯。每天清晨，迎着微风，在朝阳灿烂的光晖中用美妙的英文开始自己崭新的一天，这对我而言是一件何其幸福与快乐的事情啊。

时光荏苒，走出校园的我依然没有放弃这份坚持，只要一有机会，我就一定会将清晨的美好时光献给我挚爱的英语，感受那份发自内心的学习的愉悦。现在英语已经成为了我珍爱的宝物，它融入了我的生活，融入了我的生命，也将伴我走过脚下的漫漫人生路。

让我们共同迈向轻松愉悦的英语之旅，尽情享受英语学习的快乐吧。

3.英语论文范文

How to improve your English in full detail (my experience) The Third Edition To be good at English is not particularly easy but not terribly hard either.Before you start to learn sentences, or new words, the first and also the most important step is the "pronunciation". To pronounce perfectly you should buy a tape to assist you to learn and practise. This is the fundamental step to learn English, ignore or pay no attention to this step; you will not learn proper English and you will find the later steps more and more difficult. If you are solid and accurate in pronunciation, you will find the later steps much easier and you will stand firmly on the right track.After mastering the pronunciation perfectly, it is the time to accumulate new words and useful expressions. Of course start from the simplest words like “hello, hi, you, me, he, him, his, her”, etc。

. and expressions like “how are you, how old are you, how do you do”, etc。

. It is essential to write the words on a piece of paper so that you remember them well. Actually everyone had done these at his/her primary school.*************Now let me tell you how I learnt English in China. ******************* Speaking:In China, you won't have enough chances to speak English. What I did was in the morning I got up early and read aloud the texts in the textbooks. The initial aim was to achieve the same speed as the tape, and then being able to read aloud the texts with the same style as the English announcer in the tape. By doing this, it helps you to consolidate your pronunciation and grammar.Listening:Nowadays it is much easier to learn English in China because you can watch some TV channels in English. The more channels in English the better because you can choose your preferred programmes and it helps you to learn English with interests of your own, hence ideal for listening and expression/words accumulations.Writing:It is also very useful to write diaries. On writing diaries, it is not useful if you just write it without the care of grammar and spelling. When you finish you should always read your diaries again to check for errors and refine your sentences (e.g. remove repetitive words, use better expressions, and sort out the structure of the sentences).Reading:It is also very important to read story books in English, starting from thin ones with not many new words. Read as many thin books as you possibly can. Little by Little you will want to read thicker books, and your reading ability will get even better.Putting four elements together:I have to emphasise that when you do all these reading, listening, writing and speaking; you should join them together as a whole, apply the new words you learn from watching TV, reading books to your writing and speaking.The enhancement of learning comes from getting hold of the possible opportunities to speak English (in China or abroad):In China, you should try to go to local English corner to practise your oral English. If you are abroad then you should make a lot of English or international friends so you always have the opportunity to speak English.On Spoken English, attitude is very important. You need to be very keen and you must not be shy. Never be afraid to make mistakes. Always think that a talk in English with some one will help you significantly.You can think in this way: since my parents have paid so much to support me to study abroad, the money is partly spent on the international environment for learning English; therefore I ought to try my best to take every opportunity to practise my English. My English has risen to a higher level in the last 2 years, because I talk in English most of the time. Having some international friends is particularly useful indeed. Summing up the activities:I have also been watching TV too. The real improvement lies in staying with international friends long enough and watching a lot of TV such as news, football, dramas, documentaries etc。

. Writing diaries also helps me to remember good words, good expressions and practise sentence structuring.*****Now, I have finished talking about how to learn and improve General English.It is the time to switch to "Your Major in English" ******************************* Knowing general English on its own is not going to be sufficient for most people. Skills are as important as mastering another language. General English helps people to communicate with each other in their lives. Technical English helps you to take on challenges to change the world for the highest, to earn money for your living for the lower.Some people who have a degree in English go abroad to learn something different but heavily based on the language such as Media study, 。

4.毕业总结用英语写怎么写啊

英语毕业论文-How to improve your students。

. 阅读关键词：英语毕业论文-How to improve your students。. At the moment, most of the teachers of English are trying their best to make their students improve their written English.But how to improve writing level isn't easy. You should put hearts into it and pay much more attation to the grammar knowledge,spelling,sentences,phrases and so on.I'll tell you my ideas about how to improve your students' writing level. First of all, we had better ask our students to make some simple sentences according to the English grammar knowledge. If they can write down some corrct sentences,they are sure to write some passages.Sometimes we can still let them translate a few interesting sentences.If they keep on making sentences, they will be confident in writing compositions.Because phrases and sentences are the basic requirement for the students of English. Secondly, we can ask our students to discuss about the interesting and instructive topics.For example,the students have learned somethinbg about travel.Let them discuss where they have ever been to and which places are beautiful and interesting.First,we can ask them to write down the outlines of the story.In my opinion,this is one of the most effective methods to improve their writing skills.In this way,they'll be interested ion expressing their ideas in English.In fact,interest is the best teacher in learing everything.So I suggest that we teachers of English should develop the studentsi' interests.Step by step,they are glad and active to write compositions.The teachers needn't force them to write,while they'll be active to express their thoughts. Thirdly, I suggest that we should guide our students to write after they have finished looking at some interesting and instructive pictures which are formed onto a story. At the beginning,we had better guide them to have some discussion about it.Then they can make up a whloe story in the limited time.I advise that the pictures we'll choose should be easy for them to read .If they can understand the maening of the story very easily,they are able to express their ideas better,otherwise they'll be bored Fourthly, our students should try to form good habits of making diaries every day, at least they had better write down some stories every week. As teachers of English, we should encourage them to write more in English.On the other hand, we should be strict in our work and with our students. We should ask our students to hand in their compositions on time and ought to check their articles in time. My last advice is that we can hold some English Composition Competition regularly. We'll give the excellent students some prizes and put up their compositions on the wall of the classrooms.By doing this,they are willing to write once they have free time.They'll be interested in it.If some of them can really write wonderful aticles,we can introduce their articles to some English magazines or newspapers,such as English Weekly, which is very popular to most of the middle school students in our country. All in all, it's very important and necessary for us teachers of English to improve our students writing level. We should try all kinds of the most advanced methods to teach them to write more and better. The more,the better! 3.翻译学：翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行：翻译理论以及翻译活动。

对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下，对翻译活动的研究更多一些，这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究（如“汉语成语的英译”）。

应该注意的是，在对翻译活动作研究时，往往需要某种翻译理论支撑，总结规律，并对这一活动作出评价，要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。 二.英语专业毕业论文格式要求 学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。

（一）前置 1.英文封面：由论文英文题目、解释、作者、指导老师姓名和职称、时间组成。 2.目录：由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成，排在英文封面之后另页。

3.中、英文内容摘要：摘要是论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，宜以最简洁的语言介绍论文的概要、作者的突出论点、新见解或创造性成果以及实验方法、数据或结论，是一篇完整的短文，可以独立使用，中文摘要一般在200字左右 4关键词：关键词是用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。为便于文献检索，学位论文应注明三至五个具有代表意义中、外文“关键词”，这些关键词就是论文的中心词，以显著的字符另起一行，分别排在中、外文摘要的左下方。

各关键词之间用“分号”隔开。外文关键词应与中文关键词相对应。

（二）主体部分 主题部分包括引言（Introduction）、正文（Body）、结论（Conclusion）、参。

5.大学3年学习心得英文论文翻译谁可以翻译下

Remember took notice the joyful mood, until now to computer write comments time, just detection, three years in the blink of an eye on the past. This article reviews three years of college life, the in the mind always filled with gratitude, grateful to my teacher training, be grateful for the support and trust and classmates forgiveness. Below is my these years of comments: A, personal experiences Someone said, the university but is outspread, high school will have to continue here that desperately laboured at high school; But others said, stepped into university, the future and career had security, can goint. I think, the university is a picture of a blank scroll, waiting for you to use wisdom and hands of discus youth depict belong to oneself. With the words of "being sincere to tough" to yourself, I stepped into the oath the university. Just enter the school gate in when I can say I'm disappointed thoroughly school rather too desolate it. But in later have to study and life, in JingGuanXi this family, I feel very honored, between the classmate, learning atmosphere britherhood sisters, everybody help each other, continuous progress. Experienced military training, to participate in various community activities, oneself also continues to grow. I think, though a man's strength is slim, but as long as you work hard, always pays off. Freshman from hell to paradise, turning points, adapt to the range of university life. We just have laboured at from that in the senior high school out finally lets his good relaxation, but we adapt to the range of university life, look at the others all busy joining a club activities, I also want to join them and they become friends, is he can learn something. Sophomore, study specialized knowledge of the year at the teacher's impetus, discussion, analysis and correction scheme, these are all class without of problem to solve, always want to experience a few back to end the debate named. Every time the teacher organizations class for debate didn't a classmate will actively take part in, the classroom atmosphere is very active. Also got a very good effect. I use after school time in the school library work-study, where I also learned a lot, watched a lot of celebrity name language. Use the time after school part-time, though very tired, but feel very satisfying, meanwhile, also increased my social experience, face different people, and what should communicate with them better and better, how to put their own work efficiency etc., much exercise myself, I feel very necessary, but the premise is to do well in our studies, perhaps is to give his set a goal, such as research, then for this goal, that's better than playing games, idling better. Junior, school introduces a practice work yourself to for two months and in the process I learned all of people don't like I think like that, we just saw their high wages, and did not see the bitterness behind them, I rely on their own efforts got life first sum of money, the heart that happy. Back to school after finished the rest of the course, started the true practice career. Graduation design, a resume, interview these things one then one, didn't find a job all feel inappropriate, not we can not reach the practice the requirement of the unit is our own too picky, this time is my most distressed, and students about their also is same. But I want to believe yourself, unremitting efforts, there will be a bright future in waved to us. Say to the learning methods, everyone's are different, as far as I'm concerned, I like to preview, meet don't understand of ask in classroom teacher, usually also will use the library resources, many Internet search, see more kinds of extra readings do, learn more knowledge, improve their quality. Second, Thanksgiving This three years, without the teacher's care, borrow this opportunity to thank our beloved teacher. I was born to a poor family, to apply for a loan, from in the work-study, from a timid girl, to now calmly, all of this are inseparable from the teacher gave me opportunities and help, I also deeply realize the timber for our university teacher pay difficultly labor, here I will be to them our deepest thanks and high respects! Remember the teacher said a word: "to society, you'll need to adapt to the environment, and not to change it, although can be complicated, but as long as you put things right, do yourself, you will always have success." These words gave me a lot of enlightenment. So in the internship period, I want strict demands on themselves, and adapt to the new work environment, constantly learning new knowledge, continued to make progress, improve their ability of solid exercise, the study of applied to practice and internship application to paper, the internship 。

6.求一篇学英语的感悟,体会的论文（1000字）

My Experience of learning English

get sick and tired of learning boring grammar games and lifeless words. It goes without saying that I didn't enjoy learning English in the past. Frankly speaking, I even decided to give it up.

But now, great changes have taken place on me and every change is the change to the better. Not only did I pass band four and band six College English Test(CET) very easily with high marks but more importantly I began to use English. It was a miracle but I made it, yet how do I account for this? The factors are quite common: the English movie and soap play. As far as I am concerned, movies and soap plays are of great help in promoting my interest in learning English. In fact, it is supposed to be a nice experience of studying a foreign language, if it were not, people would lose interest in and say no to it by instinct. In my opinion, the picture and the soap play are created to cater for people's needs for enjoyment, they also the best materials of English study, you can take advantage of movies (especially Disney cartoons) to practice your listening skills and enhance your pronunciation. Soap plays, like Friends, to some extent, show you a real daily life in America nowadays. With regards to students, those who are lack of language using environment, soap plays provide a virtual life in west for them to participate in. It can be imagined that their understanding of English culture background can be improved and they will know how to use English in a right way. Above all, because of movies and soap plays.

language study is not dull but fun for those who like me. That's my experience of learning English, if you don't believe it, just try!

文秘杂烩网

7.英语本科毕业论文范文

不知道下面这个能否合你要求。

呵呵 （因字数有限制，我可发给你） 英语本科毕业论文 The Spirit of Revolt of Tess --Study in Tess of the D'Urbervilles Thesis statement: Everyone knows that Tess's life is a great tragedy, but she is still a courageous woman who dares to fight by all means. In order to defeat the unfortunate fate she always resists the decadent society, the traditional concept, and the hypocrisy religion. Outline Ⅰ.Brief Introduction to Tess of the d'Urbervilles A. Women's role in industrial movements during 19th century in England B. A brief commentary of the novel 1. the writer --Thomas hardy 2. general introduction of the novel Ⅱ.Tess's spirit of revolt all through her life A. Tess's fight to the moribund society 1. the moribund society 2. Tess's fight to the moribund society B. Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept 1. the traditional moral concept 2. Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept C. Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion 1.the hypocritical religion in that time 2. Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion D. Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage 1.Tess's unfortunate marriage 2. Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage Ⅲ.Conclusion: In a word, Tess has shown a powerful woman's image to common people with her unyielding spirit of revolt. She, to the moribund society, traditional old morals, hypocritical religion, capitalist marriage system, has carried on the strongest revealing and criticism. Her kindhearted enlightenment, noble emotion, strong personality, and her resistance in imbuing all rooted in the hearts of the people forever, worth savoring. Abstract This paper mainly focuses on the spirit of revolt of Tess. First of all, this paper begins with a brief introduction to the novel. Then, this paper makes a brief commentary of the novel. Moreover, it concentrates on :(1) Tess's fight to the moribund society. (2) Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept. (3) Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion. (4) Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage. And at last the paper reveals that Tess is actually a character with the spirit of revolt all through her life. key words:tragedy,Spirit of revolt,industrial movement,unfortunate fate 内容提要 本文研究的是小说主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”。首先，本文对小说的背景做了介绍。

然后，对文本进行简要评论。再次，本文主要从以下四个方面对文本主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”进行集中讨论：（1） 苔丝对腐朽社会的抗争；（2） 苔丝对传统的道德观念的反抗；（3） 苔丝对伪善的宗教的反抗；（4） 苔丝对不幸婚姻的反抗。

最后，揭示出苔丝整个人生经历中的反抗精神。 关键词：悲剧，反抗精神，工业运动，不幸命运。

8.论文总结翻译成英文

: I - information-gathering. Students experience during the same time to read the relevant reference books or information, or searching for information from the Internet. D - data analysis, called for the selection of the necessary analysis of the data, and then contrasted with the experience of the content. E -. From the experience of all aspects of the process of evaluation. SWOC model can be used a detailed analysis of (S edge, W disadvantages, O opportunity, C challenge). A - Action experience. Please schedule to do with operations related to cost analysis and risk analysis.。

9.求一篇英语论文

Happiness is the most precious thing in the world, which can be obtained in different ways. From my point of view, being in a good mood anytime and anywhere is the first thing for those who want to be happy. There is an old saying going like this, "happy is he who is content." I can't agree with it any more. I still remember a story my mother told me when I was a child. A millionaire tried every means to seek after pleasure but to feel unhappy. It's not unique, but has its counterpart that poor men to whose name not having a thing always feel happy. Why are they so different? The answer is that the rich is being thinking how he can gain more while the poor is satisfied with what he owns at hand-health, freedom, love and so on. Furthermore, love makes great difference to happiness. If you have love in your heart, you will have happiness in your life. Love consists of two parts, one is to love others, and the other is to be loved by others. Lei Feng set a good example for all of us. He served the people wholeheartedly until the last minute of his life. He regarded serving the people as the happiest thing. There are numbers of similar inspirational stories to be found. In addition, being loved by others can also lead you to happiness. Courage from your parents when frustrated, care from your lover when ill, help from your friends when in trouble… all of these will make you the happiest person in the world. The last but not least is to act happily. Putting on a happy face and thinking interesting things are helpful to trigger happy feelings. Wile happiness is precious, it is easy to get。

毕业论文外英文(毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗)

1.毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗

这个不用全部翻译的，只要选择自己需要的内容翻译。

翻译的外文文献可以是一篇，也可以是两篇，但英文字符要求不少于2万。选定外文文献后先给指导老师看，得到老师的确认通过后方可翻译。

翻译的外文文献应主要选自学术期刊、学术会议的文章、有关著作及其他相关材料，应与毕业论文（设计）主题相关，并在中文译文首页用“脚注”形式注明原文作者及出处，外文原文后应附中文译文。

扩展资料：

外文翻译需要注意的问题

1、外文文献的出处不要翻译成中文，且写在中文译文的右上角（不是放在页眉处）；会议要求：名称、地点、年份、卷（期），等 。

2、作者姓名以及作者的工作单位也不用必须翻译。

3、abstract翻译成“摘要”，不要翻译成“文章摘要”等其他词语。

4、Key words翻译成“关键词” 。

5、introduction 翻译成“引言”（不是导言）。

6、注意排版格式，都是单排版，行距1.25，字号小4号，等（按照格式要求）。

7、各节的标号I、II等可以直接使用，不要再翻译成“第一部分”“第二部分”，等。 

8、里面的图可以拷贝粘贴，但要将图标、横纵指标的英文标注翻译成中文。 

9、里面的公式、表不可以拷贝粘贴，要自己重新录入、重新画表格。

参考资料：百度百科-毕业论文

2.请问本科生毕业论文的外文翻译去哪里找

先到百度文库，找一篇此类文档中文的，然后用有道翻译，或是谷歌在线翻译翻成英

文，然后把英文放上面，中文放下面。希望可以帮到你。如果要找标准的PDF格式外文文

献，可以在谷歌，用英文文献名+空格+PDF 这样比较容易找到。

第一是Google搜索，主要是英文，尤其是其学术搜索，意义大。

第二，通过各大学图书馆系统，进入几个主流的出版发行集团。

第三，利用网络免费储存、电子书系统。尤其是国外多。

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。

2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）

3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。

4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。

5、论文正文： （1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义， 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。 〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容： a.提出-论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证； c.解决问题-论证与步骤； d.结论。

6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。 中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息 所列参考文献的要求是： （1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。 （2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

一，选题要新颖。

这次我的论文的成功，和高分，得到导师的赞许，都是因为我论文的选题新颖所给我带来的好处。最好涉及护理新领域，以及新进展，这样会给人耳目一新的感觉。

二，大量文献做基础

仔细查阅和你论文题目和研究范围相关的文献，大量的文献查阅会你的论文写作铺垫，借鉴别人的思路，和好的语言。而且在写作过程不会觉得语言平乏，当然也要自己一定的语言功底做基矗

三，一气呵成

做好充分的准备，不要每天写一些，每天改一些，这样会打断自己的思路，影响文章的连贯。

四，尽量采用多的专业术语

可能口语化的表达会给人带来亲切感，但论文是比较专业的形式，是有可能做为文献来查阅和检索的，所以论文语言的专业化，术语化会提升自己论文的水平。

五，用正规格式书写

参考正规的论文文献，论文格式。不要因为格式问题，而影响到你论文的质量。

六，最好在计算机上完成写作过程

如果有条件最好利用电脑来完成写作过程，好处以下几点：1，节省时间，无论打字的速度慢到什么程度，肯定要比手写的快。2，方便，大量的文献放在手边，一个一个查阅是很不方便的，文献都是用数据库编辑，所以都是在电脑上完成。提前先在电脑上摘要出重点，写出提纲，随时翻阅，方便写作。3，修改编辑，在电脑随时对文章进行修改编辑都是非常的方便。4，随时存档，写一段，存一段，防止突然停电，或者电脑当机。本人就是吃了这个大亏，一个晚上的劳动，差点就全没了，幸亏男友是电脑高手，帮我找回。否则就恨着电脑，哭死算了。

七，成稿打印好交给导师

无论你的字写的多么优美，还是按照惯例来，打印出的文字显的正规，而且交流不存在任何的问题，不会让导师因为看不懂你的龙飞凤舞，而低估你的论文。而且干净整洁，女孩子不仅注意自己的形象问题，书面的东西也反映你的修养和气质。

八，听取导师意见，仔细修改

导师会给你一些关于你论文建设性的意见，仔细参考，认真修改。毕竟导师是发表过多篇论文，有颇多的经验。

3.写本科毕业论文要写外文文献,急

英语（科技/经贸英语）毕业论文

英语论文类文章1001篇，里面有很多的：）~

英文的毕业论文

或：）

英语毕业论文[1829]

毕业论文的引文[208]

毕业论文选题和观点方面的…[139]

毕业论文的评价[83]

教育论文网：）很多的

英语论文：）

UMI外文博硕论文库

Springer外文期刊

EBSCO外文期刊

OCLC NetLibrary图书

SPE和SPWLA全文资料下载

万方外文传递系统

西文期刊目次数据库（CCC）

两种外刊在线

美国石油工程师学会（SPE）会议论文

cnpLINKer（中图链接服务）

Socolar（教图链接服务）

以上网站也可以找到，只是收费的.

答案补充

你自己一点也不出力啊？自己找！！！

4.毕业论文外文翻译是什么意思

毕业论文外文翻译：将外文参考文献翻译成中文版本。

翻译要求：

1、选定外文文献后先给指导老师看，得到老师的确认通过后方可翻译。

2、选择外文翻译时一定选择外国作者写的文章，可从学校中知网或者外文数据库下载。

3、外文翻译字数要求3000字以上，从外文文章起始处开始翻译，不允许从文章中间部分开始翻译，翻译必须结束于文章的一个大段落。

参考文献是在学术研究过程中，对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴.征引过的文献在注释中已注明，不再出现于文后参考文献中。外文参考文献就是指论文是引用的文献原文是国外的，并非中国的。

原文就是指原作品，原件，即作者所写作品所用的语言。如莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》原文是英语。 译文就是翻译过来的文字，如在中国也可以找到莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的中文版本，这个中文版本就称为译文 。

扩展资料：

外文翻译需要注意的问题

1、外文文献的出处不要翻译成中文，且写在中文译文的右上角（不是放在页眉处）；会议要求：名称、地点、年份、卷（期），等 。

2、作者姓名以及作者的工作单位也不用必须翻译。

3、abstract翻译成“摘要”，不要翻译成“文章摘要”等其他词语。

4、Key words翻译成“关键词” 。

5、introduction 翻译成“引言”（不是导言）。

6、各节的标号I、II等可以直接使用，不要再翻译成“第一部分”“第二部分”，等。 

7、注意排版格式，都是单排版，行距1.25，字号小4号，等（按照格式要求）。

8、里面的图可以拷贝粘贴，但要将图标、横纵指标的英文标注翻译成中文。 

9、里面的公式、表不可以拷贝粘贴，要自己重新录入、重新画表格。

5.英语毕业论文

A Contrastive Study between English and Chinese Idioms（题目：二号，黑体，加粗，居中，除了英语小词外，其他单词首字母都要大写；另外：除了题目外，论文中所有英文的字体均采用“Times New Roman”）（学院、专业、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名（小四号宋体字，加粗），依次排印在论文题目下，上空二行，居中）【Abstract】 This paper centers on the different expressions of …… （英文摘要：上空二行；题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，加粗，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用其他任何标点符号；采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，不加粗；单倍行距。）

【Key Words】 idiom; comparison; English; Chinese （英文关键词：题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，加粗，两个单词的首字母要大写，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用任何其他标点符号，采用五号“Times New Roman”字体，不加粗，除了专有名词外，其他单词的首字母不大写，各单词之间用分号“；”隔开，分号之后空一格；最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号；单倍行距。）1. Introduction （顶格，除了第一个单词及专有名词外，其他单词首字母都不要大写；标题最后不用任何标点符号，上空两行）In both English and Chinese， …. So, this essay is trying to focus on the differences between Chinese and English idoms in terms of their essential meaning, customary usage and typical expression (Chang Liang, 1993:44; Li Guangling, 1999). （段落第一行缩进4个英文字符；夹注的标注法：出现在夹注中的作者必须与文后的参考文献形成一一对应关系；注意一个或多个作者间的标点符号，时间、页码等的标注法；另外，汉语参考文献的作者要以拼音形式出现，不能出现汉语姓氏；夹注出现在标点符号之前）2. The similarities between English idioms and Chinese idioms In English， …. And it can be clearly seen in the below examples:(1) I don't know。

我不知道。 （2） I am not a poet. 我不是诗人。

（正文中的例子以（1）,(2)…为序号排列，直至最后一个例子；而①， ②…则为脚注或尾注的上标序号）3. The differences between English idioms and Chinese idioms3.1 The characteristics of English idioms（正文章节序号编制：章的编号：1. ,2., 3.，…；节的编号：1.1,1.2…，2.1,2.2…；小节的编号为：1.1.1, 1.1.2…。小节以下层次，采用希腊数字加括号为序，如（i）,(ii)…；之后再采用字母加括号，如（a）, (b)，…；每章题目左顶格，小四号字，加粗；每节（及小节以下）题目左顶格，小四号字，不加粗但要斜体；所有章节的题目都单独一行，最后不加任何标点符号）….In conclusion， ….3.2 The characteristics of Chinese idioms….Feng (1998) found some problems as shown in the following examples （注意此句中夹注的另一种写法）：（9） We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.(10) People take no thought of the value of time until they lose it.….3.2.1 The analysis of the differences between English and Chinese idioms… （i） ….….（ii） ….…. 4. Conclusion….Bibliography (References) （小四号，加粗，后面不加任何标点符号） Sanved, ed. The Oxford book of American literary anecdotes[C]. New York: OUP, 1981.常亮，“关于英语的偏离否定”[J] 。

《外国语文》，1993,4:44。 冯树健，“否定之否定新说”[J] 。

《英语辅导》，1998,6:11。 李光陵，“不完全否定浅析” [J] 。

《大学英语》，2000,30:30。 （论文最后的参考文献中所有文献的排列顺序：尾注：按照编号顺序。

夹注：英文文献----网络文献----汉语文献，各个文献的先后以作者的姓氏字母或拼音为序，不用单独加序号或编号；每个参考文献的第二行起必须缩进4个英文字符；1.5倍行距；另外，与文中的夹注一一对应；不同类型的参考文献写法请参照写作指南中附件2的内容）。

6.毕业论文英语翻译

[to] pick 14 prefectures of guangxi zhuang autonomous region have their party's news in an organ, propaganda work plays an important role. The party of financial support to reduce or even cancel, party also took to the city to raise the road. Henceforth, the advertising business condition, directly related to the survival and development of the whole city party. This paper tries to the city from guangxi history and current situation of the development of the party, the party of the city of advertising business opportunities, competitive and guangxi region-county fang-tsang party of advertising business, in order to seek the advertising business of its breakthrough.[key] guangxi, Municipal party, Advertising businessDon't of the machine translation, hope more professional help, and in time of emergency before June 1, translation of translation has good, thank you, cent,。

换热器英文毕业论文(求一片关于换热器的英语论文)

1.求一片关于换热器的英语论文

1、FLOW RESISTANCE AND HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF A NEW-TYPE PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER

2、ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FLOW DISTRIBUTION IN MANIFOLDS FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS

3、Simulated Annealing Approach to the Optimal Synthesis of Distillation Column with Intermediate Heat Exchangers

4、CONDENSATION HEAT TRANSFER OF R-134A IN HORIZONTAL STRAIGHT AND HELICALLY COILED TUBE-IN-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS

5、Magnetic Heat Transfer Enhancements on Fin-Tube Heat Exchangers

6、Influence of Thermal Conductivity on Interface Shape during Growth of Sapphire Crystal Using a Heat-Exchanger-Method

7、Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer Characteristics of Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger in Frozen Soil Layer

8、An Explicit Solution for Thermal Calculation and Synthesis of Superstructure Heat Exchanger Networks

9、EBSD analysis on aluminum brazing sheet for automotive heat exchangers

10、SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF FLOW PATTERN IN CROSS-CORRUGATED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS

2.求一片关于换热器的英语论文

1、FLOW RESISTANCE AND HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF A NEW-TYPE PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER 2、ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FLOW DISTRIBUTION IN MANIFOLDS FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS 3、Simulated Annealing Approach to the Optimal Synthesis of Distillation Column with Intermediate Heat Exchangers 4、CONDENSATION HEAT TRANSFER OF R-134A IN HORIZONTAL STRAIGHT AND HELICALLY COILED TUBE-IN-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS 5、Magnetic Heat Transfer Enhancements on Fin-Tube Heat Exchangers 6、Influence of Thermal Conductivity on Interface Shape during Growth of Sapphire Crystal Using a Heat-Exchanger-Method 7、Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer Characteristics of Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger in Frozen Soil Layer 8、An Explicit Solution for Thermal Calculation and Synthesis of Superstructure Heat Exchanger Networks 9、EBSD analysis on aluminum brazing sheet for automotive heat exchangers 10、SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF FLOW PATTERN IN CROSS-CORRUGATED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS。

3.换热器毕业设计

这只是个模板，你还要自己修改数据，其中有些公式显示不出来。

一.设计任务和设计条件某生产过程的流程如图所示，反应器的混合气体经与进料物流患热后，用循环冷却水将其从110℃进一步冷却至60℃之后，进入吸收塔吸收其中的可溶组分。已知混和气体的流量为227301㎏/h，压力为6.9MPa ，循环冷却水的压力为0.4MPa ，循环水的入口温度为29℃，出口温度为39℃ ，试设计一台列管式换热器，完成该生产任务。

物性特征：混和气体在35℃下的有关物性数据如下（来自生产中的实测值）：密度定压比热容 =3.297kj/kg℃热导率 =0.0279w/m粘度循环水在34℃ 下的物性数据：密度 =994.3㎏/m3定压比热容 =4.174kj/kg℃热导率 =0.624w/m℃粘度二. 确定设计方案1. 选择换热器的类型两流体温的变化情况：热流体进口温度110℃ 出口温度60℃；冷流体进口温度29℃，出口温度为39℃，该换热器用循环冷却水冷却，冬季操作时，其进口温度会降低，考虑到这一因素，估计该换热器的管壁温度和壳体温度之差较大，因此初步确定选用浮头式换热器。2. 管程安排从两物流的操作压力看，应使混合气体走管程，循环冷却水走壳程。

但由于循环冷却水较易结垢，若其流速太低，将会加快污垢增长速度，使换热器的热流量下贱，所以从总体考虑，应使循环水走管程，混和气体走壳程。三. 确定物性数据定性温度：对于一般气体和水等低黏度流体，其定性温度可取流体进出口温度的平均值。

故壳程混和气体的定性温度为T= =85℃管程流体的定性温度为t= ℃根据定性温度，分别查取壳程和管程流体的有关物性数据。对混合气体来说，最可靠的无形数据是实测值。

若不具备此条件，则应分别查取混合无辜组分的有关物性数据，然后按照相应的加和方法求出混和气体的物性数据。混和气体在35℃下的有关物性数据如下（来自生产中的实测值）：密度定压比热容 =3.297kj/kg℃热导率 =0.0279w/m粘度 =1.5*10-5Pas循环水在34℃ 下的物性数据：密度 =994.3㎏/m3定压比热容 =4.174kj/kg℃热导率 =0.624w/m℃粘度 =0.742*10-3Pas四. 估算传热面积1. 热流量Q1==227301*3.297*(110-60)=3.75*107kj/h =10416.66kw2.平均传热温差 先按照纯逆流计算，得=3.传热面积 由于壳程气体的压力较高，故可选取较大的K值。

假设K=320W/（㎡k）则估算的传热面积为Ap=4.冷却水用量 m= =五. 工艺结构尺寸1.管径和管内流速 选用Φ25*2.5较高级冷拔传热管（碳钢），取管内流速u1=1.3m/s。2.管程数和传热管数 可依据传热管内径和流速确定单程传热管数Ns=按单程管计算，所需的传热管长度为L=按单程管设计，传热管过长，宜采用多管程结构。

根据本设计实际情况，采用非标设计，现取传热管长l=7m，则该换热器的管程数为Np=传热管总根数 Nt=612*2=12243.平均传热温差校正及壳程数 平均温差校正系数按式（3-13a）和式（3-13b）有 R=P=按单壳程，双管程结构，查图3-9得平均传热温差 ℃由于平均传热温差校正系数大于0.8，同时壳程流体流量较大，故取单壳程合适。4.传热管排列和分程方法 采用组合排列法，即每程内均按正三角形排列，隔板两侧采用正方形排列。

见图3-13。取管心距t=1.25d0，则 t=1.25*25=31.25≈32㎜隔板中心到离其最.近一排管中心距离按式（3-16）计算S=t/2+6=32/2+6=22㎜各程相邻管的管心距为44㎜。

管数的分成方法，每程各有传热管612根，其前后关乡中隔板设置和介质的流通顺序按图3-14选取。5.壳体内径 采用多管程结构，壳体内径可按式（3-19）估算。

取管板利用率η=0.75 ，则壳体内径为D=1.05t按卷制壳体的进级档，可取D=1400mm6.折流板 采用弓形折流板，去弓形之流板圆缺高度为壳体内径的25%，则切去的圆缺高度为H=0.25*1400=350m，故可 取h=350mm取折流板间距B=0.3D，则 B=0.3*1400=420mm，可取B为450mm。折流板数目NB=折流板圆缺面水平装配，见图3-15。

7.其他附件拉杆数量与直径按表3-9选取，本换热器壳体内径为1400mm，故其拉杆直径为Ф12拉杆数量不得少于10。壳程入口处，应设置防冲挡板，如图3-17所示。

8.接管壳程流体进出口接管：取接管内气体流速为u1=10m/s，则接管内径为圆整后可取管内径为300mm。管程流体进出口接管：取接管内液体流速u2=2.5m/s，则接管内径为圆整后去管内径为360mm六. 换热器核算1. 热流量核算（1）壳程表面传热系数 用克恩法计算，见式（3-22）当量直径，依式（3-23b）得=壳程流通截面积，依式3-25 得壳程流体流速及其雷诺数分别为普朗特数粘度校正（2）管内表面传热系数 按式3-32和式3-33有管程流体流通截面积管程流体流速普朗特数（3）污垢热阻和管壁热阻 按表3-10，可取管外侧污垢热阻管内侧污垢热阻管壁热阻按式3-34计算，依表3-14，碳钢在该条件下的热导率为50w/(m•K)。

所以（4） 传热系数 依式3-21有（5）传热面积裕度 依式3-35可得所计算传热面积Ac为该换热器的实际传热面积为Ap该换热器的面积裕度为传热面积裕度合适，该换热器能够完成生产任务。2. 壁温计算因为管壁很薄，而且壁热阻很小，故管壁温度可按式3-42计算。

由于该换热器用循环水冷却，冬季操作时，循环。

4.换热器毕业设计

这只是个模板，你还要自己修改数据，其中有些公式显示不出来。

一.设计任务和设计条件某生产过程的流程如图所示，反应器的混合气体经与进料物流患热后，用循环冷却水将其从110℃进一步冷却至60℃之后，进入吸收塔吸收其中的可溶组分。已知混和气体的流量为227301㎏/h，压力为6.9MPa ，循环冷却水的压力为0.4MPa ，循环水的入口温度为29℃，出口温度为39℃ ，试设计一台列管式换热器，完成该生产任务。

物性特征：混和气体在35℃下的有关物性数据如下（来自生产中的实测值）：密度定压比热容 =3.297kj/kg℃热导率 =0.0279w/m粘度循环水在34℃ 下的物性数据：密度 =994.3㎏/m3定压比热容 =4.174kj/kg℃热导率 =0.624w/m℃粘度二. 确定设计方案1. 选择换热器的类型两流体温的变化情况：热流体进口温度110℃ 出口温度60℃；冷流体进口温度29℃，出口温度为39℃，该换热器用循环冷却水冷却，冬季操作时，其进口温度会降低，考虑到这一因素，估计该换热器的管壁温度和壳体温度之差较大，因此初步确定选用浮头式换热器。2. 管程安排从两物流的操作压力看，应使混合气体走管程，循环冷却水走壳程。

但由于循环冷却水较易结垢，若其流速太低，将会加快污垢增长速度，使换热器的热流量下贱，所以从总体考虑，应使循环水走管程，混和气体走壳程。三. 确定物性数据定性温度：对于一般气体和水等低黏度流体，其定性温度可取流体进出口温度的平均值。

故壳程混和气体的定性温度为T= =85℃管程流体的定性温度为t= ℃根据定性温度，分别查取壳程和管程流体的有关物性数据。对混合气体来说，最可靠的无形数据是实测值。

若不具备此条件，则应分别查取混合无辜组分的有关物性数据，然后按照相应的加和方法求出混和气体的物性数据。混和气体在35℃下的有关物性数据如下（来自生产中的实测值）：密度定压比热容 =3.297kj/kg℃热导率 =0.0279w/m粘度 =1.5*10-5Pas循环水在34℃ 下的物性数据：密度 =994.3㎏/m3定压比热容 =4.174kj/kg℃热导率 =0.624w/m℃粘度 =0.742*10-3Pas四. 估算传热面积1. 热流量Q1==227301*3.297*(110-60)=3.75*107kj/h =10416.66kw2.平均传热温差 先按照纯逆流计算，得=3.传热面积 由于壳程气体的压力较高，故可选取较大的K值。

假设K=320W/（㎡k）则估算的传热面积为Ap=4.冷却水用量 m= =五. 工艺结构尺寸1.管径和管内流速 选用Φ25*2.5较高级冷拔传热管（碳钢），取管内流速u1=1.3m/s。2.管程数和传热管数 可依据传热管内径和流速确定单程传热管数Ns=按单程管计算，所需的传热管长度为L=按单程管设计，传热管过长，宜采用多管程结构。

根据本设计实际情况，采用非标设计，现取传热管长l=7m，则该换热器的管程数为Np=传热管总根数 Nt=612*2=12243.平均传热温差校正及壳程数 平均温差校正系数按式（3-13a）和式（3-13b）有 R=P=按单壳程，双管程结构，查图3-9得平均传热温差 ℃由于平均传热温差校正系数大于0.8，同时壳程流体流量较大，故取单壳程合适。4.传热管排列和分程方法 采用组合排列法，即每程内均按正三角形排列，隔板两侧采用正方形排列。

见图3-13。取管心距t=1.25d0，则 t=1.25*25=31.25≈32㎜隔板中心到离其最.近一排管中心距离按式（3-16）计算S=t/2+6=32/2+6=22㎜各程相邻管的管心距为44㎜。

管数的分成方法，每程各有传热管612根，其前后关乡中隔板设置和介质的流通顺序按图3-14选取。5.壳体内径 采用多管程结构，壳体内径可按式（3-19）估算。

取管板利用率η=0.75 ，则壳体内径为D=1.05t按卷制壳体的进级档，可取D=1400mm6.折流板 采用弓形折流板，去弓形之流板圆缺高度为壳体内径的25%，则切去的圆缺高度为H=0.25*1400=350m，故可 取h=350mm取折流板间距B=0.3D，则 B=0.3*1400=420mm，可取B为450mm。折流板数目NB=折流板圆缺面水平装配，见图3-15。

7.其他附件拉杆数量与直径按表3-9选取，本换热器壳体内径为1400mm，故其拉杆直径为Ф12拉杆数量不得少于10。壳程入口处，应设置防冲挡板，如图3-17所示。

8.接管壳程流体进出口接管：取接管内气体流速为u1=10m/s，则接管内径为圆整后可取管内径为300mm。管程流体进出口接管：取接管内液体流速u2=2.5m/s，则接管内径为圆整后去管内径为360mm六. 换热器核算1. 热流量核算（1）壳程表面传热系数 用克恩法计算，见式（3-22）当量直径，依式（3-23b）得=壳程流通截面积，依式3-25 得壳程流体流速及其雷诺数分别为普朗特数粘度校正（2）管内表面传热系数 按式3-32和式3-33有管程流体流通截面积管程流体流速普朗特数（3）污垢热阻和管壁热阻 按表3-10，可取管外侧污垢热阻管内侧污垢热阻管壁热阻按式3-34计算，依表3-14，碳钢在该条件下的热导率为50w/(m•K)。

所以（4） 传热系数 依式3-21有（5）传热面积裕度 依式3-35可得所计算传热面积Ac为该换热器的实际传热面积为Ap该换热器的面积裕度为传热面积裕度合适，该换热器能够完成生产任务。2. 壁温计算因为管壁很薄，而且壁热阻很小，故管壁温度可按式3-42计算。

由于该换热器用循环水冷却，冬季操作时，循环。

5.谁有与固定管板式换热器有关的的英文文献 ~

Based on the papers[1] and[2], the equations, given in TEMA, ASME VIII - 1, CODAP, GB 151 - 89 and JG4732- 95, for calculating the stresses of the tubes and the shell in the fixed tubesheet exchangers were analyzed. It is pointed out again that the stresses of the tubes and the shell in the dangerous operating conditions have the significant meaning.

文献名称 有关规范对固定管板式换热器设计中管子、壳体应力规定的分析

Article Name

英文（英语）翻译 Fixed Tubesheet Exchangers Stipulated by Some Relevant Codes;

作者 桂康宁；

Author Gui KangningEducation and Training Center;Jin Ling Petrochemical Co.Nan Jing 210046;

作者单位

Author Agencies 金陵石化公司教育培训中心 南京；

文献出处

Article From 中国科学院上海冶金研究所； 材料物理与化学（专业） 博士论文 2000年度

关键词 固定管板式换热器； 设计规范； 危险工况； 管子应力； 壳体应力；

Keywords fixed tubesheet exchanger;design code;dangerous operating condition;tube stress;shell stress;

6.论文答辩,论文题目是换热器的换热效率与工业中的应用,我要回答我

换热器的效率和换热器的换热系数有直接关系，换热器的换热系数越高换热效率就越高

换热系数等于总换热量减去换热器的热损失的值除以总换热量.

现在行业里公认的效率最高的换热器就是板式换热器，换热最充分，体积小，效率高！

结合热工学知识和供热公司工作，谈谈如何提高换热器的传热效率。

传热速率方程式Q=KS△tm可知影响换热器换热效果的主要因素有：传热系数K、传热面积S和平均温差△t。

对于给定的换热器，由于传热面积S是一定的，因此，只有提高传热平均温差和传热系数才能提高传热效果。

(1)由于逆流平均温差较大，因此采用逆流操作有助于提高传热效率；

(2)流体流过时，流速大，对流传热系数大，使传热系数增加；

(3)降低结垢厚度，可以提高传热系数K。

在换热器的应用过程中应如何提高其换热效率呢？

1.提高对数平均温差

板式换热器流型有逆流、顺流和混合流型（既有逆流又有顺流）。在相同工况下，逆流时对数平均温差最大，顺流时最小，混合流型介于二者之问。提高换热器对数平均温差的方法为尽可能采用逆流或接近逆流的混合流型，尽可能提高热侧流体的温度，降低冷侧流体的温度。

2.进出口管位置的确定

对于单流程布置的板式换热器，为检修方便，流体进出口管应尽可能布置在换热器固定端板一侧。介质的温差越大，流体的自然对流越强，形成的滞留带的影响越明显，因此介质进出口位置应按热流体上进下出，冷流体下进上出布置，以减小滞留带的影响，提高传热效率。

3.提高传热效率

板式换热器是间壁传热式换热器，冷热流体通过换热器板片传热，流体与板片直接接触，传热方式为热传导和对流传热。提高板式换热器传热效率的关键是提高传热系数和对数平均温差。

.提高换热器传热系数只有同时提高板片冷热两侧的表面传热系数，减小污垢层热阻，选用热导率高的板片，减小板片的厚度，才能有效提高换热器的传热系数。

a.提高板片的表面传热系数

由于板式换热器的波纹能使流体在较小的流速下产生湍流（雷诺数一150时），因此能获得较高的表面传热系数，表面传热系数与板片波纹的几何结构以及介质的流动状态有关。板片的波形包括人字形、平直形、球形等。经过多年的研究和实验发现，波纹断面形状为三角形（正弦形表面传热系数最大，压力降较小，受压时应力分布均匀，但加工困难的人字形板片具有较高的表面传热系数，且波纹的夹角越大，板间流道内介质流速越高，表面传热系数越大。

b.减小污垢层热阻

减小换热器的污垢层热阻的关键是防止板片结垢。板片结垢厚度为1mm时，传热系数降低约10%。因此，必须注意监测换热器冷热两侧的水质，防止板片结垢，并防止水中杂物附着在板片上。有些供热单位为防止盗水及钢件腐蚀，在供热介质中添加药剂，因此必须注意水质和黏性药剂引起杂物沾污换热器板片。如果水中有黏性杂物，应采用专用过滤器进行处理。选用药剂时，宜选择无黏性的药剂。

c.选用热导率高的板片

板片材质可选择奥氏体不锈钢、钛合金、铜合金等。不锈钢的导热性能好，热导率约14.4W/(m?K)，强度高，冲压性能好，不易被氧化，价格比钛合金和铜合金低，供热工程中使用最多，但其耐氯离子腐蚀的能力差。

d.减小板片厚度

板片的设计厚度与其耐腐蚀性能无关，与换热器的承压能力有关。板片加厚，能提高换热器的承压能力。采用人字形板片组合时，相邻板片互相倒置，波纹相互接触，形成了密度大、分布均匀的支点，板片角孑L及边缘密封结构已逐步完善，使换热器具有很好的承压能力。国产可拆式板式换热器最大承压能力已达到了2.5MPa。板片厚度对传热系数影响很大，厚度减小0.1mm，对称型板式换热器的总传热系数约增加600W/(m?K)，非对称型约增加500W/(m?K)。在满足换热器承压能力的前提下，应尽量选用较小的板片厚度。

7.换热器文献综述

换热器是将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体的设备，又称热交换器。换热器是实现化工生产过程中热量交换和传递不可缺少的设备。在石油、化工、轻工、制药、能源等工业生产中，常常需要把低温流体加热或者把高温流体冷却，把液体汽化成蒸汽或者把蒸汽冷凝成液体。这些过程均和热量传递有着密切联系，因而均可以通过换热器来完成。随着经济的发展，各种不同型式和种类的换热器发展很快，新结构、新材料的换热器不断涌现。为了适应发展的需要，我国对某些种类的换热器已经建立了标准，形成了系列。换热器的应用广泛，日常生活中取暖用的暖气散热片、汽轮机装置中的凝汽器和航天火箭上的油冷却器等，都是换热器。它还广泛应用于化工、石油、动力和原子能等工业部门。它的主要功能是保证工艺过程对介质所要求的特定温度，同时也是提高能源利用率的主要设备之一。换热器既可是一种单元设备，如加热器、冷却器和凝汽器等；也可是某一工艺设备的组成部分，如氨合成塔内的换热器。换热器是化工生产中重要的单元设备，根据统计，热交换器的吨位约占整个工艺设备的20%有的甚至高达30%，其重要性可想而知。

换热器的发展前景：换热器的所有种类中，管壳式换热器是一个量大而品种繁多的产品，由于国防工业技术的不断发展，换热器操作条件日趋苛刻迫切需要新的耐磨损、耐腐蚀、高强度材料。近年来，我国在发展不锈钢铜合金复合材料铝镁合金及碳化硅等非金属材料等方面都有不同程度的进展，其中尤以钛材发展较快。钛对海水氯碱醋酸等有较好的抗腐蚀能力，如再强化传热，效果将更好，目前一些制造单位已较好的掌握了钛材的加工制造技术。对材料的喷涂，我国已从国外引进生产线。铝镁合金具有较高的抗腐蚀性和导热性，价格比钛材便宜，应予注意。近年来国内在节能增效等方面改进换热器性能，提高传热效率，减少传热面积降低压降，提高装置热强度等方面的研究取得了显著成绩。换热器的大量使用有效的提高了能源的利用率，使企业成本降低，效益提高。

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