红与黑论文毕业论文

英语毕业论文红与黑(求英文论文)

1.求<<红与黑>>英文论文

Novels "Red" has been published about the history of 200 years, why, in this ever-changing 200 years of fiction can still enduring? The reason lies in the novel not only very successful in shaping the company's claim that highly era black color, but also has the distinct personality of artistic images, but also through leading character experience, and demonstrated French restoration dynasty period vast era painting scroll, then touched many acute social problems. Even leading character in the novel experience and reflects the experience of young petty bourgeoisie universal destiny. Even behave themselves in the USA, supercilious, enthusiasm, determination, but selfish, skeptical. In monks power elite, powerful family system stern feudal society, and discriminated against by birth civilians. Such oppression of the status of his growing discontent with the reality : the impact of Enlightenment thought and caught up in his anti-character. He decided to rely on individual talents like Napoleon, a meritorious, fine. But in restoration period, Napoleon-style rank of the Road has been closed by the elite class. On this rock beneath evergreen trees to grow along. In order to get even with her all the knowledge that worthless, yet the Latin of the "New Testament" back in verse. Recite his amazing ability to let him into the home of the mayor of Victoria Aguilar Ye Fall, when a family of teachers. In that period, he and Germany.Switzerland ambiguous relationship that Mrs. occurred, mostly in resistance and retaliation for his abuse of elite class. However, growing, were blinded by the upper class in society corrupts even the soul, he contributed to the upward desire and ambitions. Even in the dark terror seminary, witnessed manipulate strategically, reveals the ugly inside, so he offered a double-dealing tactics, such behaviour has been the duplicity of the table and patrons stare. Seminary life even further distorted in the character, and strengthen his climbing ambitions and hypocrisy style. In the company to log when the Private Secretary's marquis after exposing civilians, although not the class ideology, but by the marquis trusted, Miss conquest Mateer, even in the "civilian class treason heart" has disappeared. He became a faithful restoration dynasty pawns. As a step towards him in the company for the "bright", as a result of firing Germany and Switzerland that Mrs. complete ruin their future, their present a head. As a fine critical realism novels, the "Red" and not starting from the concept will even reach into a leading character in the pursuit of personal symbols. Instead, the author has given his deep sympathy to the people through the dedicated pursuit of lust and the pursuit of less than critical to the suffering of that era specific social realities, and this is the "force" has spread charm forever good reason. 小说《红与黑》出版至今已有200年左右的历史了，为什么在这风云变幻的200年中小说仍可以经久不衰？原因在于小说不仅十分成功地塑造了于连·索黑尔这个极富时代色彩，又具有鲜明个性的艺术形象，而且通过主人公的经历，展示了法国复辟王朝时期广阔的时代画卷，触及到当时许多尖锐的社会问题。

小说主人公于连的经历和遭遇反应了当时广大小资产阶级青年的普遍命运。于连生性聪颖、高傲、热情、坚毅，但又自私、多疑。

在僧侣贵族当政、门阀制度森严的封建社会，因出生平民而备受歧视。这种受压迫的地位使他滋长了对现实的不满情绪：启蒙思想和拿破仑的影响，培养了他的反搞性格。

他立志要像拿破仑那样靠个人才智建立功勋，飞黄腾达。但是在复辟时期，拿破仑式的晋身之道已被贵族阶层堵死了。

就在这样的岩石底下，一株小树弯弯曲曲地生长。于连为了博取大家用赏识，明知毫无价值，却还把拉丁文的《新约全书》背得滚瓜烂熟。

他那惊人的背诵能力让他跨进了维立叶尔市长家，当起家庭教师来。在那段时期，他与德.瑞那夫人发生了暧昧关系，大部分是为了反抗和报复贵族阶级对他的凌辱。

但是，纸醉金迷、利欲熏心的上流社会也腐蚀了于连的灵魂，助长了他向上爬的欲望和野心。于连进入阴森恐怖的神学院后，亲眼目睹了勾心斗角、尔虞我诈的丑恶内幕，于是他便耍起了两面派手法，这种表里不一的行为居然得到院长的表睐和宠幸。

神学院的生活进一步扭曲了于连的性格，强化了他向上爬的野心和虚伪的作风。于连给木尔侯爵当私人秘书后虽然还不时流露出平民阶级的思想意识，但在受到侯爵重用，征服玛特尔小姐后，于连的“平民阶级叛逆心”已消失。

他成了复辟王朝的忠实走卒。正当于连一步步走向他所向往的“光明”时，因枪击德·瑞那夫人而彻底断送了自己的前程，把自己送上了断头台。

作为一部优秀的批判现实主义小说，《红与黑》并没有从概念出发，将主人公于连图解成一个追求功利的符号。相反，。

2.求<<红与黑>>英文论文

Novels "Red" has been published about the history of 200 years, why, in this ever-changing 200 years of fiction can still enduring? The reason lies in the novel not only very successful in shaping the company's claim that highly era black color, but also has the distinct personality of artistic images, but also through leading character experience, and demonstrated French restoration dynasty period vast era painting scroll, then touched many acute social problems. Even leading character in the novel experience and reflects the experience of young petty bourgeoisie universal destiny. Even behave themselves in the USA, supercilious, enthusiasm, determination, but selfish, skeptical. In monks power elite, powerful family system stern feudal society, and discriminated against by birth civilians. Such oppression of the status of his growing discontent with the reality : the impact of Enlightenment thought and caught up in his anti-character. He decided to rely on individual talents like Napoleon, a meritorious, fine. But in restoration period, Napoleon-style rank of the Road has been closed by the elite class. On this rock beneath evergreen trees to grow along. In order to get even with her all the knowledge that worthless, yet the Latin of the "New Testament" back in verse. Recite his amazing ability to let him into the home of the mayor of Victoria Aguilar Ye Fall, when a family of teachers. In that period, he and Germany. Switzerland ambiguous relationship that Mrs. occurred, mostly in resistance and retaliation for his abuse of elite class. However, growing, were blinded by the upper class in society corrupts even the soul, he contributed to the upward desire and ambitions. Even in the dark terror seminary, witnessed manipulate strategically, reveals the ugly inside, so he offered a double-dealing tactics, such behaviour has been the duplicity of the table and patrons stare. Seminary life even further distorted in the character, and strengthen his climbing ambitions and hypocrisy style. In the company to log when the Private Secretary's marquis after exposing civilians, although not the class ideology, but by the marquis trusted, Miss conquest Mateer, even in the "civilian class treason heart" has disappeared. He became a faithful restoration dynasty pawns. As a step towards him in the company for the "bright", as a result of firing Germany and Switzerland that Mrs. complete ruin their future, their present a head. As a fine critical realism novels, the "Red" and not starting from the concept will even reach into a leading character in the pursuit of personal symbols. Instead, the author has given his deep sympathy to the people through the dedicated pursuit of lust and the pursuit of less than critical to the suffering of that era specific social realities, and this is the "force" has spread charm forever good reason. 小说《红与黑》出版至今已有200年左右的历史了，为什么在这风云变幻的200年中小说仍可以经久不衰？原因在于小说不仅十分成功地塑造了于连·索黑尔这个极富时代色彩，又具有鲜明个性的艺术形象，而且通过主人公的经历，展示了法国复辟王朝时期广阔的时代画卷，触及到当时许多尖锐的社会问题。

小说主人公于连的经历和遭遇反应了当时广大小资产阶级青年的普遍命运。于连生性聪颖、高傲、热情、坚毅，但又自私、多疑。

他立志要像拿破仑那样靠个人才智建立功勋，飞黄腾达。但是在复辟时期，拿破仑式的晋身之道已被贵族阶层堵死了。

就在这样的岩石底下，一株小树弯弯曲曲地生长。于连为了博取大家用赏识，明知毫无价值，却还把拉丁文的《新约全书》背得滚瓜烂熟。

他成了复辟王朝的忠实走卒。正当于连一步步走向他所向往的“光明”时，因枪击德·瑞那夫人而彻底断送了自己的前程，把自己送上了断头台。

作为一部优秀的批判现实主义小说，《红与黑》并没有从概念出发，将主人公于连图解成一个追求功利的符号。相反，。

3.求一篇英语读后感,（红与黑）的英语感悟

简.爱 oliver twist, one of the most famous works of charles dickens', is a novel reflecting the tragic fact of the life in britain in 18th century. the author who himself was born in a poor family wrote this novel in his twenties with a view to reveal the ugly masks of those cruel criminals and to expose the horror and violence hidden underneath the narrow and dirty streets in london. the hero of this novel was oliver twist, an orphan, who was thrown into a world full of poverty and crime. he suffered enormous pain, such as hunger, thirst, beating and abuse. while reading the tragic experiences of the little oliver, i was shocked by his sufferings. i felt for the poor boy, but at the same time i detested the evil fagin and the brutal bill. to my relief, as was written in all the best stories, the goodness eventually conquered devil and oliver lived a happy life in the end. one of the plots that attracted me most is that after the theft, little oliver was allowed to recover in the kind care of mrs. maylie and rose and began a new life. he went for walks with them, or rose read to him, and he worked hard at his lessons. he felt as if he had left behind forever the world of crime and hardship and poverty. how can such a little boy who had already suffered oppressive affliction remain pure in body and mind? the reason is the nature of goodness. i think it is the most important information implied in the novel by dickens-he believed that goodness could conquer every difficulty. although i don't think goodness is omnipotent, yet i do believe that those who are kind-hearted live more happily than those who are evil-minded. for me, the nature of goodness is one of the most necessary character for a person. goodness is to humans what water is to fish. he who is without goodness is an utterly worthless person. on the contrary, as the famous saying goes, 'the fragrance always stays in the hand that gives the rose', he who is with goodness undoubtedly is a happy and useful person. people receiving his help are grateful to him and he also gets gratified from what he has done, and thus he can do good to both the people he has helped and himself. to my disappointment, nowadays some people seem to doubt the existence of the goodness in humanity. they look down on people's honesty and kindness, thinking it foolish of people to be warm-hearted. as a result, they show no sympathy to those who are in trouble and seldom offer to help others.。

4.红与黑英文版介绍

Stendhal's The Red and the Black The Red and the Black (1830) is a novel by Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle). It is the story of a young man抯 ambition to become prominent and successful in aristocratic society. Its setting is eastern France, in 1830.Julien Sorel is the nineteen-year-old son of a woodcutter in the provincial town of Verrières. Julian and his father cannot get along with each other. Julien is sensitive and scholarly, and is unsuited to the trade of his father.Julien has romantic dreams of achieving power and glory, and of overcoming his low social status as the son of a tradesman. He dreams of being like Napoleon, but sees that military ability is not presently the best way to have a successful career. Thus, he decides to prepare for a career in the church rather than in the army. He studies theology with Father Chélan, the eighty-year-old priest of the local parish.Julien takes on a superficial appearance of piety, and wears the black cassock of a priest. He is hired as a tutor for the children of Monsieur de Rênal, who is mayor of Verrières.Julien falls in love with the mayor抯 wife, Madame de Rênal. She is ten years older than Julien, but she has never really loved her husband, who married her when she was sixteen. She is very religious and devout, but she falls passionately in love with Julien.Julien is very aware of the social class difference between himself and Madame de Rênal. When he falls in love with her, it is the first time that he has ever fallen in love, but he tries to play the part of a man who is accustomed to brilliant success with women. He is awkward and clumsy, and is unsophisticated, but is eager to learn the elegant manners of aristocratic society.Because he is acutely aware of the social class difference between himself and Madame de Rênal, he initially questions her sincerity. Thus, his love for her becomes a form of ambition to try to overcome his own feelings of inferiority. His goal is to have power and control over a noble and beautiful woman. At the same time, his unstable sense of pride and self-esteem makes him very sensitive to any perceived slight or humiliation by Monsieur de Rênal or by other members of aristocratic society.The King makes an official visit to Verrières, and the town engages in a celebration. Madame de Rênal wants to see Julien wear something other than his usual black cassock, and she arranges for him to wear a military uniform in the procession and to ride a horse in the honor guard. After the procession, Julien gallops back to Monsieur de Rênal抯 house, so that he can change back into his black cassock and then appear with the bishop and clergy when the King visits the church.Julien's sudden change of appearance, alternating between the uniform of the army and the church, between the red and the black, is symbolic of the conflict in his personality between truthfulness and pretense, between sincerity and hypocrisy.Monsieur de Rênal learns of the affair between his wife and Julien from an anonymous letter which has been sent to the Renal house. The letter has been secretly written by Monsieur Valenod, the sub-prefect of Verrières, who dislikes Julien. Monsieur Valenod is a rival of Monsieur de Rênal for public esteem and prestige, and wants to become the mayor of the town.Father Chélan hears of the relationship between Julien and Madame de Rênal, and arranges for Julien to leave town and to become a student in the seminary at Besançon. Monsieur Rênal also wants to send Julian to the seminary in order to avoid a public scandal over Julien抯 relationship with Madame de Rênal, and in order to prevent Julien from becoming a tutor at Monsieur Valenod抯 house.Madame de Rênal feels guilty about her relationship with Julien, and becomes increasingly remorseful and penitent.Julien meets his friend Fouqué before traveling to the seminary. Fouqué is a timber merchant and offers to make Julien a partner in his business but Julien does not accept the offer.Julien becomes a student in the seminary at Besançon, and gradually realizes that he is unaware of the internal politics of the religious community. He discovers that the seminary is a place of deception and hypocrisy, but he becomes a friend of Father Pirard, the fair-minded and unselfish director of the seminary. Father Pirard is rather stern and severe, but differs from the other clergy in that he is scrupulous and truthful.Father Pirard loses his position as director, because he has supported the Marquis de la Mole in a lawsuit against the Abbé de Frilair, a clever and ambitious man who has a powerful position in the church hierarchy. Father Pirard finds a position for 。

5.关于红与黑这部外国文学作品的论文

红与黑》是十九世纪法国批判现实主义小说家斯汤达的作品，只要是读过这本小说的人都不可能把小说中人物的个性，言谈举止从自己的脑海中赶出去。

这一切都不停的萦绕在他们的脑际，让他们去思索，让他们浮想联翩。所有的评论家一致肯定斯汤达深刻的反映了他的时代。

只要看看小说的副标题“** 年记事”就可以体会到斯汤达和巴尔扎克一样，只是在自觉地为现代社会谱写历史。可是对大多数的读者来说，显然不是因为关心一百多年前的政治才喜欢《红与黑》的。

人们真正感兴趣的是它的主人公于连·索雷尔。于连和整个社会的环境的冲突，他的野心，抱负与孤军奋斗，他对现实的愤懑不平和报复性的反抗。

这才是小说扣人心弦的地方。离开了于连的悲剧，其他的一切对读者便毫无意义。

在体味着小说引人的情节，在对主人公的命运经过迭荡的推进而突然戛然而止于死亡而悲叹时，人们不能不一再问到： “红”与“黑”究竟是什么？它的真正喻意是什么？对于这个问题，一百年来文艺研究家进行无休止的争论，一直没有一致的看法，众说纷纭，莫衷一是，或者认为“红”指红色的军装，代表军队； “黑”指教士的黑袍，代表教会。或者认为“红”是指法国大革命和拿破仑战争的英雄时代；“黑”是指复辟王朝的反动统治。

或者认为“红”指以特殊方式反抗复辟制度的小资产阶级叛逆者于连； “黑”指包揽反动教会、贵族阶级和资产阶级在内的黑暗势力。有人以“人性的深度”的角度认为红与黑是以“红”为象征的一种感情力量和以“黑”为象征的另一种感情力量的拼搏。

还有人利用拉康精神分析理论对《红与黑》中欲望主体和叙述结构的关系进行剖析，认为小说的主人公主体徘徊在“想象界”和“象征界”之间。因此对小说书名的解释为“红”是想象界，是缺失的母亲、血、生命律动之源，是欲望本身的形象；“黑”是象征界，是父亲、法律制度、现实原则，阉割、修道院、宗教之权威。

可以说是“仁者见仁，义者见义”，当然无可非议，这是所有可以被称作伟大小说的共同品格。例如《红楼梦》，有人读出了革命，有人读出了政治，有人读出了爱情，有人读出了人生等等。

透过《红与黑》的字里行间，随着引人入胜的情节，我们仔细体味着之中所含的“红”与“黑”。我认为这个作品从开始、发展到结束，贯穿着三组“红”与“黑”的主线，顺着这三组线索才能深刻理解作者赋予这篇作品的深刻意义，才能理解主人公短暂的一生和他的命运。

第一组：“红”象征着拿破仑士兵的红军服；“黑”象征着教士的黑色道袍。第二组：“红”象征着于连·索雷尔追求的飞黄腾达；“黑”象征着主人公结局的死亡。

第三组：“红”象征着教堂的圣水、死亡、子宫、于连的重生； “黑”同时象征着教堂、死亡、洞穴。下面我们分组来解析其中的寓意。

第一组：“红”象征着拿破仑士兵的红军服；“黑”象征着教士的黑色袍子这是斯汤达本人在回答朋友的询问时的解释。在小说的开始，作者就给人们展示了表面虽然文弱但是心灵的深处，有一团火一样的进取力量，一股往着高处涌流的狂奔不息的热血的于连。

那么怎样才能出人头地呢？拿破仑士兵的红军服是他心中的向往，他们想自己像拿破仑那样年三十立功于战场而成为显赫的将军。然而于连生不逢时，在王政复辟时期，平民甚至没有穿上军制服的可能，最好能够通向上层社会的途径就是当教士了。

当于连看到一个德高望重的老法官在一场无聊的纠纷中被一个小小的教士所击败，一个四十多岁的神甫就拿到三倍于拿破仑麾下名将的薪俸，他就不再提拿破仑的名字而发奋攻读神学了。他想：“在一切事业里都需要聪明人……在拿破仑统治下，我会是一名军官，在未来的神甫中，我将是一名主教。”

因此，“红与黑”在这里平行的，都是于连新追求的飞黄腾达之路。第二组：“红”象征着于连索雷尔的追求的飞黄腾达；“黑”象征着主人公的结局要理解这一组，笔者认为应从以下三个方面理解。

1. 从小说的创作原意值得注意的是，斯汤达为什么在小说里使他的主人公这样一个“才智之士”，这样一个充满理想而处事慎重、谨慎的青年的结局以悲剧告终，而不是塑造一个成功者形象呢？我认为这就是斯汤达没有解释完的书名的喻意，也就是“红”象征着于连的追求；“黑”象征着死亡。在这里“红”与“黑”不是平行的，而是对立的矛盾。

要理解这一组，应该从以下两个方面入手。一是作者将拿破仑士兵的红色军装和教士的黑袍子这一 “红”——“黑”作为主人公于连所追求的梦想，不仅仅是因为作者曾经十七岁就投入军界，三次随拿破仑远征欧洲，亲身参加过朗戈战役、耶拿战役，曾经进驻米兰……他是同时代作家中唯一真正了解拿破仑时代的人。

而时过境迁，教士是一个能实现于连野心的职业。若想细致入微的理解斯汤达的作品，必须先了解他的内心，斯汤达的内心并非原动力旺盛，充满志趣。

由于天赋与志趣自身只不过是一些笼统的东西，所以他所迷恋的是一些空洞形式，也就是说没有明确和具体的东西，由于缺乏那种功利。

6.小说红与黑的赏析,评论```英文版的`````急~

（一）、Julien is a liberator This viewpoint may be disputed by many people; I still believe that it is Julient which brought free ideology to such women who were being long term oppression. Chairman Mao had said that “You said Julien had destroyed others' family, even a happy family, this comment is not objective. Actually, such a happy family cannot be destroyed, if it were true, it would be unhappy obviously. That family has oppression, therefore, where is oppression, where is revolt. This is called reacting force, I am sure Julien is the liberator which helps Madame to carry on the revolt.” As every body knows that Julien is the commonest in lower class, he has ambition that changing his mortal status which prevent him from entering upper class and having highly self-development, although his tactics seemed too harsh or, at least, aggressive, he had spared no effort to pursuit what he believes belongs to his inner heart, let alone love between M. cie Renal and Mathilde. What causes Julien's death is not his immoral or illegal behaviors but the need of the politician's nasty competition for respective political profits. Julien is a liberator because his words and behaviors' influence had set an idol for the publicity, even the representative of upper class, M. cie Renal, we can see these lines in the ending of this novel: “M. cie Renal was faith to her promise. She did not seek in any way at all to take her own life; but three days after Julien (Julien' death), she died with her children in her arms.” Without Julien's influences, the ideology of revolt, even lightly disobey to such oppression could not be a little spark. Julien's death just the incident which sparked off a whole chain of disasters to the system of society, Julien became the deaf lamb of political tricks, whose miserable life showing to us just the initial intention of the writer to write this tragedy, that is to say, to reveal such nasty secrets behind pert faces.。

7.红与黑英文版介绍

Stendhal's The Red and the BlackThe Red and the Black (1830) is a novel by Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle). It is the story of a young man抯 ambition to become prominent and successful in aristocratic society. Its setting is eastern France, in 1830.Julien Sorel is the nineteen-year-old son of a woodcutter in the provincial town of Verrières. Julian and his father cannot get along with each other. Julien is sensitive and scholarly, and is unsuited to the trade of his father.Julien has romantic dreams of achieving power and glory, and of overcoming his low social status as the son of a tradesman. He dreams of being like Napoleon, but sees that military ability is not presently the best way to have a successful career. Thus, he decides to prepare for a career in the church rather than in the army. He studies theology with Father Chélan, the eighty-year-old priest of the local parish.Julien takes on a superficial appearance of piety, and wears the black cassock of a priest. He is hired as a tutor for the children of Monsieur de Rênal, who is mayor of Verrières.Julien falls in love with the mayor抯 wife, Madame de Rênal. She is ten years older than Julien, but she has never really loved her husband, who married her when she was sixteen. She is very religious and devout, but she falls passionately in love with Julien.Julien is very aware of the social class difference between himself and Madame de Rênal. When he falls in love with her, it is the first time that he has ever fallen in love, but he tries to play the part of a man who is accustomed to brilliant success with women. He is awkward and clumsy, and is unsophisticated, but is eager to learn the elegant manners of aristocratic society.Because he is acutely aware of the social class difference between himself and Madame de Rênal, he initially questions her sincerity. Thus, his love for her becomes a form of ambition to try to overcome his own feelings of inferiority. His goal is to have power and control over a noble and beautiful woman. At the same time, his unstable sense of pride and self-esteem makes him very sensitive to any perceived slight or humiliation by Monsieur de Rênal or by other members of aristocratic society.The King makes an official visit to Verrières, and the town engages in a celebration. Madame de Rênal wants to see Julien wear something other than his usual black cassock, and she arranges for him to wear a military uniform in the procession and to ride a horse in the honor guard. After the procession, Julien gallops back to Monsieur de Rênal抯 house, so that he can change back into his black cassock and then appear with the bishop and clergy when the King visits the church.Julien's sudden change of appearance, alternating between the uniform of the army and the church, between the red and the black, is symbolic of the conflict in his personality between truthfulness and pretense, between sincerity and hypocrisy.Monsieur de Rênal learns of the affair between his wife and Julien from an anonymous letter which has been sent to the Renal house. The letter has been secretly written by Monsieur Valenod, the sub-prefect of Verrières, who dislikes Julien. Monsieur Valenod is a rival of Monsieur de Rênal for public esteem and prestige, and wants to become the mayor of the town.Father Chélan hears of the relationship between Julien and Madame de Rênal, and arranges for Julien to leave town and to become a student in the seminary at Besançon. Monsieur Rênal also wants to send Julian to the seminary in order to avoid a public scandal over Julien抯 relationship with Madame de Rênal, and in order to prevent Julien from becoming a tutor at Monsieur Valenod抯 house.Madame de Rênal feels guilty about her relationship with Julien, and becomes increasingly remorseful and penitent.Julien meets his friend Fouqué before traveling to the seminary. Fouqué is a timber merchant and offers to make Julien a partner in his business but Julien does not accept the offer.Julien becomes a student in the seminary at Besançon, and gradually realizes that he is unaware of the internal politics of the religious community. He discovers that the seminary is a place of deception and hypocrisy, but he becomes a friend of Father Pirard, the fair-minded and unselfish director of the seminary. Father Pirard is rather stern and severe, but differs from the other clergy in that he is scrupulous and truthful.Father Pirard loses his position as director, because he has supported the Marquis de la Mole in a lawsuit against the Abbé de Frilair, a clever and ambitious man who has a powerful position in the church hierarchy. Father Pirard finds a position for 。

8.求一篇关于司汤达的《红与黑》的英文简介

Novels "Red" has been published about the history of 200 years, why, in this ever-changing 200 years of fiction can still enduring? The reason lies in the novel not only very successful in shaping the company's claim that highly era black color, but also has the distinct personality of artistic images, but also through leading character experience, and demonstrated French restoration dynasty period vast era painting scroll, then touched many acute social problems. Even leading character in the novel experience and reflects the experience of young petty bourgeoisie universal destiny. Even behave themselves in the USA, supercilious, enthusiasm, determination, but selfish, skeptical. In monks power elite, powerful family system stern feudal society, and discriminated against by birth civilians. Such oppression of the status of his growing discontent with the reality : the impact of Enlightenment thought and caught up in his anti-character. He decided to rely on individual talents like Napoleon, a meritorious, fine. But in restoration period, Napoleon-style rank of the Road has been closed by the elite class. On this rock beneath evergreen trees to grow along. In order to get even with her all the knowledge that worthless, yet the Latin of the "New Testament" back in verse. Recite his amazing ability to let him into the home of the mayor of Victoria Aguilar Ye Fall, when a family of teachers. In that period, he and Germany. Switzerland ambiguous relationship that Mrs. occurred, mostly in resistance and retaliation for his abuse of elite class. However, growing, were blinded by the upper class in society corrupts even the soul, he contributed to the upward desire and ambitions. Even in the dark terror seminary, witnessed manipulate strategically, reveals the ugly inside, so he offered a double-dealing tactics, such behaviour has been the duplicity of the table and patrons stare. Seminary life even further distorted in the character, and strengthen his climbing ambitions and hypocrisy style. In the company to log when the Private Secretary's marquis after exposing civilians, although not the class ideology, but by the marquis trusted, Miss conquest Mateer, even in the "civilian class treason heart" has disappeared. He became a faithful restoration dynasty pawns. As a step towards him in the company for the "bright", as a result of firing Germany and Switzerland that Mrs. complete ruin their future, their present a head. As a fine critical realism novels, the "Red" and not starting from the concept will even reach into a leading character in the pursuit of personal symbols. Instead, the author has given his deep sympathy to the people through the dedicated pursuit of lust and the pursuit of less than critical to the suffering of that era specific social realities, and this is the "force" has spread charm forever good reason. 小说《红与黑》出版至今已有200年左右的历史了，为什么在这风云变幻的200年中小说仍可以经久不衰？原因在于小说不仅十分成功地塑造了于连·索黑尔这个极富时代色彩，又具有鲜明个性的艺术形象，而且通过主人公的经历，展示了法国复辟王朝时期广阔的时代画卷，触及到当时许多尖锐的社会问题。

小说主人公于连的经历和遭遇反应了当时广大小资产阶级青年的普遍命运。于连生性聪颖、高傲、热情、坚毅，但又自私、多疑。

他立志要像拿破仑那样靠个人才智建立功勋，飞黄腾达。但是在复辟时期，拿破仑式的晋身之道已被贵族阶层堵死了。

就在这样的岩石底下，一株小树弯弯曲曲地生长。于连为了博取大家用赏识，明知毫无价值，却还把拉丁文的《新约全书》背得滚瓜烂熟。

他成了复辟王朝的忠实走卒。正当于连一步步走向他所向往的“光明”时，因枪击德·瑞那夫人而彻底断送了自己的前程，把自己送上了断头台。

作为一部优秀的批判现实主义小说，《红与黑》并没有从概念出发，将主人公于连图解成一个追求功利的符号。相反，。

英语毕业论文红与黑

毕业论文红与黑

1.求一篇《红与黑》的人物性格分析论文,1000字,急

《红与黑》中于连的性格分析

网上有人做了一项调查，假定于连是你的某一位亲人，你会选择他做你的什么人，调查给出了三个选项：丈夫，情人或哥哥。结果大多数的人都让于连做了自己的情人。这是件有趣的事，难道于连天生就是做情人的吗？德？瑞纳夫人如此，玛特儿呢，虽然她口口声声称呼于连为丈夫，但直到于连生命终结，他们的关系仍旧是情人。甚至于当时的整个社会，也有和于连如胶似漆的日子，但最终又把于连抛弃。我认为于连的性格注定了他就是要做情人，昙花一现，却给人留下无数回忆——美好的，酸楚的。

这是一种什么样的性格？有人说于连是阴险、狡诈、虚伪、善良的混合体，我倒宁肯认为他是一个率真的“愤青”。

天生的出身贫贱，使得于连对周围的一切都特别的敏感。他心中放着一个天平，衡量着周围的人。任何真正对他好的人，他都会格外亲近。那些轻视他污蔑他把他看作一个工具的人，于连也把他们看成生活中的工具。

于连不懂如何掩饰情绪，为了证明自己，他可以在大庭广众之下对德？瑞纳夫人做出过分亲昵的动作，可以一次次地冒生命危险与情人偷偷会面，甚至为了口角之争便以生命为赌注而与他人决斗。而他的人生悲剧，也正是由这种“单纯”所导致。在于连眼中，爱就是爱，恨就是恨。恨一个人，他会不择手段地惩罚对方；爱一个人，他会不惜牺牲一切地得到对方。性格的率真，决定了于连红就是红，黑就是黑，在他的世界，不可能有伪红或伪黑。这在审判时于连的陈词中表露无疑。他不乞求苟且偷生，因为他看透了这个世界的虚伪，看透了在这个“伪善”的世界中是容不得他的。

社会生活中，于连认定了一定靠要自己的努力来证明自己，他便不择一切手段，违心地背诵《新约全书》《教皇传》。这也是大多数人所诟病的，认为他虚伪。可是对这样一个才华横溢的青年，不这样走他还有什么途径？至少这样，比乞丐收容所所长瓦勒诺之流要强得多。于连的虚伪，是强加在自己身上的；而所谓的上流社会，他们的虚伪，则是无休止地勾心斗角，是彻底的腐化。于连身上，切实表现了人性“恶”的一方面，一切以自我为中心，但这样至少比上流社会的“伪善”强得多。而这也造成了于连命运的悲剧。

作者力图为我们塑造出这样一个角色：他出身贫贱却有一颗聪慧的大脑，性情率真为达目的不择手段，他敢做敢为，敢于向普通人不敢反抗的所谓生活秩序挑战，通过他的作为，暴露出处于统治地位的阶级的腐朽。在作者笔下，于连只不过是敢于挑战这个阶级的一个先行者兼殉道者。在大革命前夕，有许多像于连一样不满自己生存状态，想千方设百计地改变它的处于社会下层的人，一旦时机成熟，他们将成为革命的主力。

《三国演义》开头讲，天下大势，分久必合，合久必分。这是有道理的。整个社会中，所谓的有头脑的“精英”数目是有限的，假定他们开始处于统治阶级地位，“精英”的后代并不一定都有一颗好的头脑，经过数代的衍化，统治阶级的“质量”越来越差，而被统治阶级中有头脑的人则越来越多，当被统治阶级中的“精英”一族数量上占据绝对优势时，一场社会变革便不可避免。

于连所处的时代，正是一场社会变革的前夕，他的个人悲剧是空有一副改变社会的头脑却没有赶上这场变革，以至于生命被强大的统治阶级所吞噬。

于连所特殊的地方在于他是纯粹感性的。无论对爱情，还是个人前途，完全是照着第一想法，说干就干。这种性格加速了他提升的步伐，也加速了他人生的毁灭。这也是主导他情人命运的性格所在。

英俊潇洒，聪慧过人，感情火热，这样的品质吸引了女人们，可他的极度感性和低下的地位却不能和他所爱的人正常地在一起，德？瑞纳和于连深深相爱，但现实根本不可能让他俩在一起。能真正把于连看作丈夫的，只能是玛特儿那种对爱情极度理想化的女人。于连的热情与才干也使他进入上流社会的旅程一帆风顺，可他就像社会百无聊赖时的情妇一样，得宠时呼风唤雨说一不二，可一旦社会对他没有兴趣，便会把他狠狠抛弃，因为他太不理智，因为他的血液不属于这个群体。

在小说的最后，当于连被判死刑以后，他的这种性格发展到了极至。他厌恶想利用他来出名的丑恶教士，厌恶这个一切的伪善。维里埃大山中的那个小山洞是这个可怜的人心中最完美的地方，在那里，他不用在乎别人怎么看他，不用在乎随时都有可能发生的对他的伤害。只有在那个密闭的空间里，这个心本单纯的人才有安全感。

从本质上来说，于连最适宜和孩子交往的，因为除了强加在他身上，并且他也不得不披上的黑的外衣，他的本质是红的，并且红得是那样单纯，足以和孩子们的童心媲美。

2.红与黑的人物分析

于连：作为一个孱弱腼腆的平民青年，在一个等级森严的社会里，为了实现他那巨大的野心，他不仅要处处显示知识和能力上的优势，还要采取种种不大光彩的手段，例如虚伪、作假和违心之举。正当他自以为踏上了飞黄腾达的坦途和得到了超越阶级的爱情之时，社会却无情地把他送上了断头台。于连口口声声“成功”“发迹”“飞黄腾达”之类的话，时时处处羡慕有钱人的生活。他正是在这种盲目中走上了歧途，迷失了自我。他为了所谓的“幸福”，不止一次地放弃了真正的幸福。对于连来说，有一个信念成为他活着的全部意义，那么其他的一切都值得去牺牲，甚至于爱情。总之，于连是要“死上一千次也要飞黄腾达”。这是他对自己生命的全部价值取向。司汤达曾说过：“一个人的幸福不取决于智慧者眼中事物的表象，而取决于他自己眼中事物的表象。”或许为了使作品有一定的进步意义，于连的入狱直到死亡便成了一个不可改变的定局。狱中的于连终于从社会角色的束缚中解脱出来，获得了自由。他在短短一生中为自己规定了许多角色，为能演好这些角色，他不能不虚伪，装假，直至作出违心之举。而死亡的临近却给了他一次机会，让他卸去一切伪面具，露出一个真实的美好的自己。往日的野心、幻想、奋斗以及为此而设计的种种伪装统统失去了迷人的光彩。于连终于在死亡面前知道了自己追求的是什么。他对德·雷纳尔夫人说的那番话是真诚的：“你要知道，我一直爱着你，我只爱你一个人。”当一个人知道他能为什么去死的时候，他便也知道自己应为什么去活。因此，说于连是一个个人主义野心家固然不错，但不如说他是一个追求个人理想而不幸走上“歧途”的年轻人更准确。或许于连的悲剧乃是一切出类拔萃之辈的永恒悲剧，无论在专制社会，还是在共和社会和民主社会。这种悲剧或许称之为成长，或许称之为堕落，这个我们暂且不去理会，但它确实在我们每个人身上体现着，进而升华为一种社会规则。

德.瑞那夫人：是法国作家司汤达所写的>中的一个贵族妇女形象，她生活在法国七月革命前夕的王朝复辟时期。她出生于贵族门第，生性腼腆、内向，心地善良、单纯。她嫁给了贪图她美貌和财产的德.瑞那市长，俩人之间毫无爱情可言。后来她爱上了有个性、有才华的家庭教师于连，虽然于连也真心喜欢德.瑞那夫人，但“伪善”的野心家于连只是把她当作自己实现野心的一个跳板，德.瑞那夫人和于连的爱情被于连看作是一个平民阶级对贵族阶级上流社会所取得的胜利。最后在教士的协迫下，德.瑞那夫人写信揭发了已爬入巴黎上流社会的于连，愤怒至极的于连开枪打伤了德.瑞那夫人之后被判死刑。于连死后，德.瑞那夫人也怀抱着自己的孩子离开了人世。德.瑞那夫人的婚姻是悲剧性的，正是她悲剧的婚姻使她转而追求盲目的爱情，而这种爱情的追求也是悲剧性的。最终她的一生都是悲剧性的。分析形成这种悲剧性的原因，是由当时复辟王朝时期庸俗、势利的社会风气所决定的。分析这个妇女形象，对我们探索妇女的命运，找寻社会的痼疾是有很深的社会性意义的。

3.红与黑论文致谢

这一切都不停的萦绕在他们的脑际，让他们去思索，让他们浮想联翩。所有的评论家一致肯定斯汤达深刻的反映了他的时代。

人们真正感兴趣的是它的主人公于连·索雷尔。于连和整个社会的环境的冲突，他的野心，抱负与孤军奋斗，他对现实的愤懑不平和报复性的反抗。

这才是小说扣人心弦的地方。离开了于连的悲剧，其他的一切对读者便毫无意义。

第三组：“红”象征着教堂的圣水、死亡、子宫、于连的重生； “黑”同时象征着教堂、死亡、洞穴。下面我们分组来解析其中的寓意。

由于天赋与志趣自身只不过是一些笼统的东西，所以他所迷恋的是一些空洞形式，也就是说没有明确和具体的东西，由于缺乏那种功利。

4.论文题目是《红字》中的红与黑,“红”我知道指什么,但不明白“黑

请看看《红与黑》（作者：司汤达）

内容简介

《红与黑》是19世纪法国乃至欧洲文学的一座丰碑。小说围绕主人公于连的个人奋斗及两次爱情经历的描写，揭示了复辟王朝时期的波澜的阶级大博斗，反映了政治黑暗、教会腐败，贵族反动和资产阶级利欲熏心的广阔生活画面。于连的两次爱情动机都是以爱情占有为出发点最终要达到自己的政治目的。

通过于连这个文学形象，一方面描述了法国七月革命前夕在人民革命浪潮冲击下的贵族以及中小资产阶级的恐慌情绪；另一方面又塑造了一个出现于社会剧烈变革中的个人野心家的艺术形象，美化了资产阶级的生活观和幸福观。小说的结构严谨匀称，语言简洁流畅，人物形象和人物性格与环境紧密相连，善于揭示人物的内心冲突和思想感情的瞬间变化，以此来突出人的个性特征，这是本书最大的艺术特点。

5.论述《红与黑》的艺术成就

红与黑》标志着以当代社会生活为题材的批判现实主义文学的诞生，虽然他活着的时候并未引起广泛的注意，他曾宣称到1880年才会有人读他的作品，到1935年才会被人理解，如今，司汤达在文学史上的地位得到公认，他对现代小说艺术发展的贡献已载入史册。

作品中的“红”代表了充满英雄业绩的资产阶级革命时期特别是拿破仑帝国；“黑”代表了教会恶势力猖獗的复辟时期，作品对社会的种种罪恶进行了全面的批判。同时，成功地塑造了典型环境中典型人物，尤其强调环境对人物的影响，也使这部作品成为典范。

《红与黑》通过于连这个人物生动的描写，深刻地分析了青年人在资产阶级社会中的命运。于连曾经是“一棵美好的植物”，是具有“惊人的意志力”和非凡聪明的青年，但他出身贫贱，在复辟时期才能无从发挥，理想不能实现，作者一方面写出社会对他的敌意和打击，但同时于连为了出人头地向上爬，竟不惜采用卑鄙恶劣的手法，始终戴着一到虚伪的面罩，他把背诵拉丁文《圣经》作为踏入上流社会的敲门砖，用自己的才能和意志去征服女性，并不断改换政治信仰，走自己所鄙视的教会道路，在与上流社会的抗争中自己也走入堕落的深渊，从这两方面来看，于连的悲剧既是社会迫害一代青年的悲剧，也是自私自利、目光短浅的小私有者个人的悲剧。

作者正是通过这个个性与共性集于一身的典型向我们披露那个时代的某些本质方面。书中还着重描写了环境对于连性格形成的决定作用，从而对时代进行广泛的批判。

6.分析<<红与黑>>的主题

《红与黑》是法国作家司汤达的小说，他讲述的主人公于连的一生经历为线索向我们讲述了法国19世纪的情况，我们可以看到法国新的势力与旧势力的交锋，《红与黑》起初的标题为《于连》，1830年定名为《红与黑》，并有副标题“1830年纪事”。

称之为批判现实主义文学奠基作，是因为它最早体现了这一流派的基本特征。首先，小说直接吸取现实题材，反映现实斗争。

1827年的《法院公报》上登载一个27岁的青年家庭教师枪杀了自己的女主人的案例，启发了司汤达，但小说的故事已与生活中的案件有了很大的不同，作者用他长期以来对复辟王朝时期生活的观察，联系当时的实际，注入他对社会矛盾的认识，使《红与黑》成为一部反映复辟与反复辟斗争的形象历史。作品中的“红”代表了充满英雄业绩的资产阶级革命时期特别是拿破仑帝国；“黑”代表了教会恶势力猖獗的复辟时期，作品对社会的种种罪恶进行了全面的批判。

同时，成功地塑造了典型环境中典型人物，尤其强调环境对人物的影响，也使这部作品成为典范。

沿着于连的一生我们可以看到了许许多多的人物和事情。本书的作者司汤达使用了多种手法对人物进行了塑造，使今天的我们读起来使我们感觉到人物栩栩如生，历历在目。

作者在塑造人物的时候使用了大量的多角度塑造人物，并且使用了大量的心理分析，向我们展示了一个个鲜活的人物。那么我们以于连为例子进行分析：一个出身卑微、到处受人歧视的锯木厂工人，如何在阶级意识浓厚的社会里力争上游？从小城市长家的家庭教师，做到巴黎侯爵的秘书，由于他的神学造诣与谨言慎行，渐渐得到别人的重视；甚至获得市长夫人与侯爵千金的爱情……然而在拘谨的表象下，年轻人的心却充满对英雄的崇拜，对贵族的憎恨，以及想出人头地的野心。

他一步步走向名利之路，也不时和自己内心的矛盾交战…… <<红与黑>>的作者司汤达就生活在这个时代，他曾经参加拿破仑的几次战役，离开军队后便投身外交界，被派往意大利当领事官。由于他的经历，司汤达观察到社会种种不平的现象，特别是贵族阶级与教会连手所形成的黑暗势力，以及新兴资产阶级人心的反动；促使他开始写作，完成了这部批判时代社会，剖析人性的<<红与黑>>。

<<红与黑>>其实是一个象征性的书名，有人说“红”是指书中灵魂人物于连，代表小资产阶级的叛逆者；“黑”则是指他所反抗的教会、贵族阶级及复辟王朝所结合的强大势力。又有人说“红”与“黑”代表了当时最热门的“军队”与“教会”。

你也可以说“红”指的是主角于连心中善良、诚实的那一部分，而“黑”则是他内心伪善、愤恨的那一部分。“红”与“黑”的交战，主宰了于连的思考与行为；“红”与“黑”的抗争，注定了于连悲剧性的下场。

而在时代大环境的笼罩下，于连身旁的诸多人物角色，难道不也这样徘徊在“红”与“黑”的矛盾挣扎里吗？像天真单纯的雷纳尔夫人，初尝爱情滋味，幸福的狂喜与衷心的悔恨不断在内心交战；而高傲的贵族千金拉穆尔小姐则在英雄崇拜的爱情与身分地位、自尊。

7.谈红与黑的批判现实主义

红与黑》是19世纪欧洲批判现实主义的奠基作品.小说围绕主人公于连个人奋斗的经历与最终失败，尤其是他的两次爱情的描写，广泛地展现了"19世纪初30年间压在法国人民头上的历届政府所带来的社会风气"，强烈地抨击了复辟王朝时期贵族的反动，教会的黑暗和资产阶级新贵的卑鄙庸俗，利欲熏心.因此小说虽以于连的爱情生活作为主线，但毕竟不是爱情小说，而是一部"政治小说". 司汤达是善于从爱情中反映重大社会问题的文学大师.于连的两次爱情都与时代风云紧密相连，这是当时阶级角逐的一种表现形式，他对德·雷纳尔夫人后来的确也产生了真正的感情，但开始是出于小市民对权贵的报复心理.因此，于连第一次占有德·雷纳尔夫人的手的时候，他感到的并不是爱情的幸福，而是拿破仑式的野心的胜利，是"狂欢"和"喜悦"，是报复心理的满足. 如果说于连对德·雷纳尔夫人的追求还有某些真挚情感的话，那么于连对玛蒂尔德小姐的爱情则纯属政治上的角逐，玛蒂尔德既有贵族少女的傲慢，任性的气质，又受到法国大革命的深刻影响.她认为，如果再有一次大革命，主宰社会的必定是像于连这样富于朝气的平民青年.同于连结成伉俪，既富于浪漫气息，又找到了有力的靠山.而于连则认为与玛蒂尔德小姐结婚可以爬上高位，青云直上，因此不惜去骗取她的爱情. 但是，于连的两次爱情最终还是失败了.这是因为在复辟时期，封建势力向市民阶层猖狂反扑.于连不是统治阶级圈子里的人，那个阶级决不会容忍于连那样的人实现其宏愿. 《红与黑》在典型环境典型性格的塑造，匀称的艺术结构和白描手法的运用上都有突出的成就，而司汤达所以被评论家称为"现代小说之父"则是因为他在《红与黑》中表现了卓越的心理描写天才.现实主义作家都强调细节的真实，但司汤达与巴尔扎克不一样，他着重刻画的不是客观环境，而是人物内心活动的细致和逼真，作者常常三言两语就把人物行动，周围环境交代过去，而对其内心的活动则洋洋洒洒，不惜笔墨，爱情心理描写更是丝丝入扣，动人心弦.作者在于连得知德·雷纳尔夫人写揭发信到枪杀她这段情节上仅用了三页，而与玛蒂尔德的爱情却花了上百页的篇幅细致描写.德·雷纳尔夫人堕入情网时的那种喜悦，痛苦，忏悔而又不甘放弃幸福的复杂心理的展现，也令人拍案叫绝. 读《红与黑》是一段太过漫长的过程，因为时间已给了作家和作品最无私而又公正的评判，我的阅读态度自不能像对畅销书那样肆无忌惮，又不能像对言情小说那样不置可否.我是在用心灵去与那个时代交谈，重点也放在历史以外的探究和思考. 引领我啃完这本书的是其本身的巨大魅力.作者从一纸简单的刑事案件资料中展示出那个时代广阔的社会画面，把一个普通的刑事罪行提高到对十九世纪初期法国资产阶级社会制度，进行历史和哲学研究的水平.小说令我看到在生硬的历史书上无法感受的，那段法国大贵族和资产阶级交替执政的关键时期的状况.我从中了解到现实主义作品的另一种艺术特色——司汤达倾心的人的"灵魂辩证法"；这与以往我从《高老头》，《欧也妮·格朗台》中体会的巴尔扎克的"造成一个人的境遇"有很大不同. 全书最耀眼也是文学史上著名的人物自然是于连·索雷尔，"平民出身，较高文化，任家庭教师，与女主人发生恋情，事露，枪杀恋人，被判死刑"是他一生的骨架，"追求"幸福的"热情"和"毅力"，对阶级差异的反抗所表现出近乎英雄的气概就是动人的血肉.作者用淡化物质描写而突出心灵跟踪的手法强化的，正是于连处在青年的冲动下追求"英雄的梦想"经历，这是对那个社会形态的反抗，也是对碌碌无为，虚度青春的反抗. 在社会现实阻碍实现抱负时只有两种选择：退避或是反抗.那些当着小职员不求上进，整天抱怨生活乏味的青年就是退避者，他们或许平庸得舒适却被社会的前进所淘汰.能不断树立人生目标，决定实现人生理想的便是和于连有同样气概的反抗者.这个时代当然不欢迎虚伪的言行作为手段，但仍然需要对生活的热情来反抗空虚的度日.这样，于连悲剧性的结局除了昭示"个人反抗行不通"外，就有了对当今社会更实际的意义. 写至此，不得不引到这部小说的一个"创举"——使于连与德·雷纳尔夫人"心灵的爱情"和于连与德·拉莫尔小姐"头脑的爱情"相映成趣.尽管这两个贵族女性的爱情方式迥然不同，一个深沉，一个狂热，他们在这两个基本点上却是一致的，那就是：对本阶级的厌恶，对封建门阀制度的叛逆.记得当于连发现自己的爱情正蜕变成虚荣的工具时说"我把自己毁了"，可之后的细节是"一种高傲之间带着恶意的表情很快的代替了最真挚，最强烈的爱情的表情."这时的贵族小姐却是摆脱了一向慢得像乌龟爬一样的生活，用丧失尊严的方法博得爱情.书中两段悲剧爱情的进展始终伴随着新贵的若即若离和于连的自卑带来的怀疑，直至生命将要终结时，爱情才爆发出无济于事的原始的火花，令人感怀. 当我将落笔时，发现用意识写出感想的时间已可与用精神阅读原著的时间相比较了.我兴奋于自己得到反抗平庸的启示，。

毕业论文红与黑