本科毕业论文英文摘要怎么翻译

本科毕业论文用些英文摘要(本科毕业论文需要英文摘要吗)

1.本科毕业论文需要英文摘要吗

本科毕业论文需要英文摘要，一般中文与英文并存。

论文摘要是对论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，要求扼要地说明研究工作的目的、研究方法和最终结论等，重点是结论，是一篇具有独立性和完整性的短文，根据内容的不同，摘要可分为以下三大类：报道性摘要、指示性摘要和报道指示性摘要。 中文摘要一般不宜超过300字，外文摘要不宜超过250个实词。

除了实在迫不得已，摘要中不用图、表、化学结构式、非公知公用的符号和术语。摘要可用另页置于题名页（页上无正文）之前，学术论文的摘要一般置于题名和作者之后，论文正文之前，与关键字置于上下。

扩展资料： 毕业论文撰写意义： 1、撰写毕业论文是检验学生在校学习成果的重要措施，也是提高教学质量的重要环节。大学生在毕业前都必须完成毕业论文的撰写任务。

申请学位必须提交相应的学位论文，经答辩通过后，方可取得学位。可以这么说，毕业论文是结束大学学习生活走向社会的一个中介和桥梁。

毕业论文是大学生才华的第一次显露，是向祖国和人民所交的一份有分量的答卷，是投身社会主义现代化建设事业的报到书。 一篇毕业论文虽然不能全面地反映出一个人的才华，也不一定能对社会直接带来巨大的效益，对专业产生开拓性的影响。

但是，实践证明，撰写毕业论文是提高教学质量的重要环节，是保证出好人才的重要措施。 2、通过撰写毕业论文，提高写作水平是干部队伍“四化”建设的需要。

党中央要求，为了适应现代化建设的需要，领导班子成员应当逐步实现“革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化”。这个“四化”的要求，也包含了对干部写作能力和写作水平的要求。

3、提高大学生的写作水平是社会主义物质文明和精神文明建设的需要。在新的历史时期，无论是提高全族的科学文化水平，掌握现代科技知识和科学管理方法，还是培养社会主义新人，都要求我们的干部具有较高的写作能力。

在经济建设中，作为领导人员和机关的办事人员，要写指示、通知、总结、调查报告等应用文；要写说明书、广告、解说词等说明文；还要写科学论文、经济评论等议论文。 在当今信息社会中，信息对于加快经济发展速度，取得良好的经济效益发挥着愈来愈大的作用。

写作是以语言文字为信号，是传达信息的方式。信息的来源、信息的收集、信息的储存、整理、传播等等都离不开写作。

参考资料来源：百度百科——论文摘要 参考资料来源：百度百科——毕业论文。

2.本科毕业论文的英文摘要

楼主你好：这是我一句一句翻译的，希望对你有帮助！ TV food programs in our country developed from zero to many and the development has been almost 40 years. Early stage of development, food programs has many problems:similar programs, no features,old-fashioned hosting style , not having their own brand,and so on.Now, with these problems haing been gradually discovered, some new elements were constantly added to the program to form a new type of routine , which is different from the traditional program food program. This paper analysis of new food programs from program forms, the host, program branding, program scenes, broadcasting forms , and summed up innovative ways of food program in our country,so that we can get a new road for TV food programs in our country.keywords: TV food programs ,program form, host, brand, form of communication, innovation。

3.本科论文英文摘要怎么翻译

用谷歌翻译或是有道在线翻译，都行。

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。

2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）

3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。

4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。

5、论文正文： （1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义， 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。 〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容： a.提出-论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证； c.解决问题-论证与步骤； d.结论。

6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。 中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息 所列参考文献的要求是： （1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。 （2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

4.本科毕业论文的英文摘要

楼主你好：

这是我一句一句翻译的，希望对你有帮助！

TV food programs in our country developed from zero to many and the development has been almost 40 years. Early stage of development, food programs has many problems:similar programs, no features,old-fashioned hosting style , not having their own brand,and so on.Now, with these problems haing been gradually discovered, some new elements were constantly added to the program to form a new type of routine , which is different from the traditional program food program. This paper analysis of new food programs from program forms, the host, program branding, program scenes, broadcasting forms , and summed up innovative ways of food program in our country,so that we can get a new road for TV food programs in our country.

keywords: TV food programs ,program form, host, brand, form of communication, innovation

5.求大神帮忙,本人本科毕业论文的英文摘要不会写,请帮我把下面的中

Moral early New Curriculum Teaching Method of Abstract: The revitalization of the national education promotion hopes education teachers today want to Marxism-Leninism , Mao Zedong Thought and the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics under the guidance of China has entered the correct building a moderately prosperous society and social transformation to overcome stage ; And to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation dream of critical re- re- education ideological and political education school moral lesson for students moral education an important position to help students form a correct outlook on life, values, and morality the main channel to improve the ideological and moral education classes for students efficiency has become the primary ideological and moral education reform objective moral formation and implementation of effective classroom teaching method has become the beginning of the reform of key moral discipline teaching moral teaching teachers how early reform of teaching methods themselves must first understand what the author considered " moral curriculum standards " teachers only new curriculum standards the right to form their own interpretation of science teaching methods lay a solid foundation ; secondly to understand the background of the new curriculum under the ideological and moral teaching exist some problems in science teaching methods and teachers formed a key remedy ; under the new Curriculum beginning of the ideological and moral teaching again for preliminary and basic science teaching methods to explore the formation of an important part Besides humor, witty language of instruction in various forms all teachers teaching methods to add luster to the formation of scientific teaching methods to create a good educational environment to stimulate students' interest in breaking up the ideal of education and teaching effectiveness Keywords : new curriculum ; ideological and moral ; teaching problems ; teaching methods。

6.毕业论文英文摘要

AbstractThe core competitiveness of enterprises is the basis of the sustainable development of enterprise and the source of competitive advatages. As a growth point of China's national economy, Real Estate directly affects the national economic development and the people's livelihood. Therefore, the construction of real estate enterprises'core competitive ability should be paid profound attention.Depending on a combination of core competence theory, this paper is in view of the status quo of the estate enterprise'core competitive ability in China,then combines the author's opinion under the help of the related books,documents and the teacher, and finally turn out the means of the construction of enterprises'core competitive ability .KeywordsThe Core Competiveness of Enterprises Brand Strategy Enterpise Culture。

7.毕业论文的英文摘要~

The study describes the total course for web shopping. It introduces the develop vironment and tools. It also describes the detail of design idea and design course. After it, for the database create idea and the relationship of them are described. The study tell us how to carry out the function with block picture those clearly show us the design idea, program disign and detail realize.Base on actual requirement, web shopping system designed with block. In the OS of Windows XP, Tomcat5.0 is set up. The program language is JAVA which can realize dynamic and alternating function with WEB servor.The function mainly include goods show, goods buying in interface and goods manage, members manage,class manage, order form manage and so on.The system have below function: At first, the alternating between members and administrator. After it, the manage functions are micromesh especially for class management which make it useful for buniness and fit with electric shopping system develop requiment。

8.毕业设计英文摘要

The spinal column reconstruction in the interspinal implants in thing X-stop finite element analysis application Abstract along with people age unceasing growth, between awl in plate the nucleus pulposus gradually will start to degenerate withered, causes between the awl plate thickness to reduce, will then create the yellow ligament and the small surface joint is large, will initiate the so-called lumbar vertebra narrow sickness, will cause the body to have the nerve intermittent slope good symptom. Solves this symptom method to divide into the surgery and the non-surgery treats, the non-surgery treats for example the physical property treatment and the pharmacological treatment, the effect is not often good, the surgery treats may divide into the traditional surgery and micro creates the surgery two kinds, the traditional surgery method is in the lumbar vertebra fusion the pexia, although this method excised has created the lumbar vertebra narrow yellow ligament and the small surface joint, but the surgery time was long, the wound was big as well as although the lumbar vertebra fusion and fixed has removed the pathological change stage abnormal movement, but the neighbor stage's abnormal movement increased, between the awl in plate's pressure elevated obviously, the small articular process exceptionally drew back changes with the fixed stage bone quantityThe loss, causes the fixed stage vertical motion stage to draw back changes ASD[1], but new micro creates the surgery is opens a small wound in the back, and implants the interspinal to open, then solution lumbar vertebra narrow sickness question. this article uses the model is lumbar vertebra L3~L4, as well as the interspinal implants thing X-STOP. The analysis method is carries on the finite element grid division to X-STOP, under exerts the restraint and the load in above, calculates the restraining stress, thus judges this interspinal to open whether to have the obvious effect. key word: The lumbar vertebra, the spinous process, between the keel the ligament, the interspinal opens X-STOP, the finite element analysis。

9.本科论文的英文摘要,求大神帮帮我

With the global market economy gradually improved, the economic subject has intensified the competition, between country and country, between the city and the city also in the use of their respective advantages in resources to create their own core competitiveness. The city as a regional economic body, the factors which influence the development of information, capital and talent, so how to build the core competitiveness of their own to absorb all aspects of resource development is the only way which must be passed to the modernization of a city. The city brand, reflecting the differences with other city, form their own unique competitive power, is the key to enhance the competitiveness of the city.This paper is based on the middle of the capital city of Nanchang Nanchang City, through the analysis of the economic, cultural and other aspects, using marketing theories of Nanchang city brand marketing model and Study on the system of. The thesis is divided into six parts: the first chapter is the literature review at home and abroad through the city brand marketing model, to understand the current situation of domestic and foreign city brand marketing, and expounds the significance and purpose of the topic; the second chapter is theoretical analysis and research of city brand marketing, providing theoretical support for the Nanchang city brand marketing, at the same time the city marketing to do marketing case analysis of several city better, to provide practical experience to the Nanchang city brand marketing. The third chapter, a comprehensive analysis of present situation of Nanchang city brand marketing mode by using SWOT tools, find out the existing problems and the causes. Chapter fourth, the questionnaire. The fifth chapter, to make the research results are summarized, put forward the Countermeasures of constructing Nanchang city brand marketing model; the sixth part is the conclusion.。

10.毕业论文摘要英文

Nowadays, our domestic private enterprises have developed, and successively emerge a number of large and medium-sized private enterprise with abundant strength, and private enterprises in absorbing employment personnel, increase the fiscal revenue plays an increasingly important role. At present, however, the overall competitiveness of domestic enterprises is weak, plus a foreign-capital enterprise after China's entry into wto, China's entering domestic enterprises, especially private enterprises are faced with severe tests. How to improve the private enterprise of domestic enterprises, especially the synthesis competitive ability, the dilemma that has become a top priority. Now a general consensus of enterprises, the competition between enterprises is essentially the enterprise brand competition, promote enterprise's brand value, completes the brand strategy to improve the competitiveness of enterprises is one of the essential factors.Based on the combination of theory with case analysis method, different from the Angle of private enterprise of brand positioning and brand strategy, analyzes the problems faced by private enterprise of the form and the problems and solutions, and ultimately selected for different levels of strategy, and then give the private enterprise strategy of brand positioning and the research provides a reference.The letter divides into three parts, the first part of this enterprise and brand strategy: the second part of a concrete analysis of private enterprise and brand strategy: the third part of the above problems are summarized and realistic meaning of the comments and Suggestions.。

本科毕业论文英文叫什么用(请问一下本科毕业论文里面的翻译是什么东东)

1.请问一下本科毕业论文里面的翻译是什么东东

你好的！

那篇翻译是国外人写的论文之类的！

你仅仅需要找到一份相关的英文原文进行翻译即可！

找的原文不是类似的！

而是，只要相关就成！

==================论文写作方法===========================

论文网上没有免费的，与其花人民币，还不如自己写，万一碰到骗人的，就不上算了。

写作论文的简单方法，首先大概确定自己的选题，然后在网上查找几份类似的文章，通读一遍，对这方面的内容有个大概的了解！

参照论文的格式，列出提纲，补充内容，实在不会，把这几份论文综合一下，从每篇论文上复制一部分，组成一篇新的文章！

然后把按自己的语言把每一部分换下句式或词，经过换词不换意的办法处理后，网上就查不到了，祝你顺利完成论文！

2.毕业论文外文翻译是什么意思

毕业论文外文翻译：将外文参考文献翻译成中文版本。

翻译要求：

1、选定外文文献后先给指导老师看，得到老师的确认通过后方可翻译。

2、选择外文翻译时一定选择外国作者写的文章，可从学校中知网或者外文数据库下载。

3、外文翻译字数要求3000字以上，从外文文章起始处开始翻译，不允许从文章中间部分开始翻译，翻译必须结束于文章的一个大段落。

参考文献是在学术研究过程中，对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴.征引过的文献在注释中已注明，不再出现于文后参考文献中。外文参考文献就是指论文是引用的文献原文是国外的，并非中国的。

原文就是指原作品，原件，即作者所写作品所用的语言。如莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》原文是英语。 译文就是翻译过来的文字，如在中国也可以找到莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的中文版本，这个中文版本就称为译文 。

扩展资料：

外文翻译需要注意的问题

1、外文文献的出处不要翻译成中文，且写在中文译文的右上角（不是放在页眉处）；会议要求：名称、地点、年份、卷（期），等 。

2、作者姓名以及作者的工作单位也不用必须翻译。

3、abstract翻译成“摘要”，不要翻译成“文章摘要”等其他词语。

4、Key words翻译成“关键词” 。

5、introduction 翻译成“引言”（不是导言）。

6、各节的标号I、II等可以直接使用，不要再翻译成“第一部分”“第二部分”，等。 

7、注意排版格式，都是单排版，行距1.25，字号小4号，等（按照格式要求）。

8、里面的图可以拷贝粘贴，但要将图标、横纵指标的英文标注翻译成中文。 

9、里面的公式、表不可以拷贝粘贴，要自己重新录入、重新画表格。

3."毕业论文"英文怎么表达啊,谢谢

diploma work

毕业论文

His graduation thesis is coming on quite well.

他的毕业论文进展良好。

It is time to start work on my thesis.

差不多该写毕业论文了。

He is already start his thesis?

他已开始写毕业论文了吗？

she worked assiduously on the senior thesis.

她认认真真地做她的毕业论文。

As a senior, Peter is writing his thesis.

作为大学四年级学生，彼得正在写毕业论文。

For the remain six credit hour, you can either write a thesis or take two more selected courses.

剩余的六个学分，你可以选择写毕业论文或者选修两门课。

degree paper

学位论文

A treatise; an essay.

论文；散文

dissertation for academic degree;thesis

学位论文

毕业论文的摘要英文版怎么翻译(毕业论文的摘要怎么翻译成英文)

1.毕业论文的摘要怎么翻译成英文

n this experiment, as tested grape fungus Botrytis cinerea, to fennel, dried tangerine peel, star anise as the experimental materials to study three kinds of spices on the inhibition of gray mold. The experiment carried out by Soxhlet extraction extractor, filter paper method of using three varieties of different concentrations of the extract on the growth inhibition of Botrytis cinerea, and PDA liquid medium with a minimum inhibitory concentration determination, to explore the best The effect of species and the optimal concentration. Experiments show that the three extracts at different concentrations of Botrytis cinerea were inhibited by their strong inhibition of spore. The results of the minimum inhibitory concentration can be found, white garlic extract on the minimum inhibitory concentration of Botrytis cinerea was 45mg/ml, Purple garlic extract on cinerea minimum inhibitory concentration of 120mg/ml, two red garlic extracts on Botrytis cinerea minimum inhibitory concentration of 270mg/ml. Key words: Botrytis cinerea; extract; inhibitory effect。

2.毕业论文英文摘要翻译

[abstract] This is Changsha YuanGe residential area design， 【construction's long, wide】，（不知道是你写的不全还是怎么，有点不通，如果你要加数字，就用the length of construction is。the width of construction is。） a total of 12 layer, total building area is。, building height of principal part is。. Design content mainly includes the architectural design and structural design .

The part of architectural design Including the overall layout,the plane and vertical transportation, and the requirements of fire prevention and evacuation. Design mainly include

planar configuration, elevation and profile design and fire protection and evacuation design, etc., follow the principle of "safty,availability,economy,aesthetics" , satisfy people's demand for residential use function and aesthetic.

Design structure using short-leg

shear wall system, to adapt to the new housing concept of people. Combining with hand calculation and PKPM computing , including load calculation (gravity load, wind load),shear walls and floor slabs, the design calculation of beam and reinforcement.

Key words: short-leg shear wall; High-rise residential; The structure design

本人CET-6水平，纯手工翻译，除查询专业单词外，绝没使用软件，耗时20分钟，还望采纳。希望你论文获得成功。

3.毕业论文的摘要怎么翻译成英文

n this experiment, as tested grape fungus Botrytis cinerea, to fennel, dried tangerine peel, star anise as the experimental materials to study three kinds of spices on the inhibition of gray mold. The experiment carried out by Soxhlet extraction extractor, filter paper method of using three varieties of different concentrations of the extract on the growth inhibition of Botrytis cinerea, and PDA liquid medium with a minimum inhibitory concentration determination, to explore the best The effect of species and the optimal concentration. Experiments show that the three extracts at different concentrations of Botrytis cinerea were inhibited by their strong inhibition of spore. The results of the minimum inhibitory concentration can be found, white garlic extract on the minimum inhibitory concentration of Botrytis cinerea was 45mg/ml, Purple garlic extract on cinerea minimum inhibitory concentration of 120mg/ml, two red garlic extracts on Botrytis cinerea minimum inhibitory concentration of 270mg/ml.

Key words: Botrytis cinerea; extract; inhibitory effect

4.毕业论文摘要英文翻译：

what's math? this question seems to be easy but is in fact a question all math educators should think about , and is also am important question all these math educators should tell their students. To enable the educators teacher the students better about what's math , and in order to make the students even the educators themselves to accept and learn math knowledge , the history of math plays a pivitol key in doing so . This article concentrates on doing research about the particular period of high school students , and it analyses the psychological characteristic of the high school students , the function of the history of math in high school math teaching and the orientation of the history of math . It also make several proposes about the history of math and its application in math teaching based on my own experience。

5.毕业论文 摘要 英文翻译

The development of China's textile exports have been international textile trade system seriously, quotas, and increasing variety of Settings main varieties of quotas for our export strengths. According to the world trade organization WTO textile and apparel trade integrated treatment, including the United States, the European Union, Canada, Turkey set quotas of countries and regions of China were part of the export textile and clothing products category are cancelled quotas. Of course, the domestic existing appearance for the export products, system structure, product quality problem is serious influence our textile and clothing products export and development. But in the following two aspects: one is the market access, 2 it is competitive.

"Green barrier" in many cases, not on many of the products to the market, but through direct limit environmental standards set or improve the original environment standard, thus improving the product cost, weaken the international competitiveness of products. Compared with the market access of "green barrier" product competitiveness of more extensive and profound influence. Because of some environmental standards and influence of market access, often is the product of the individual, and because, "green barrier" and involves product competitiveness is common often.

China's textile enterprises in environment mark authentication is relatively backward, and appear to China textile and apparel production enterprise 7 million, is one of the world's biggest exporter, clothing production and authentication of such obviously not reasonable, also not congruent with.

China's textile enterprises should actively application environment, is the current standard of PPM enterprises to improve product competition environment, the important way.

6.毕业论文摘要英文翻译

In science and technology is highly developed today, economic globalization makes with regional features of culture gradually disappear. This paper introduces the concepts of the regional culture from China, analysis, and hotel indoor set with regional culture in the modern research of applied research design, the hotel, the case of comparison and thinking, summarizes the research and design gimmick, discusses the application of regional culture in the hotel the significance and historical inevitability. And through the analysis of the specific case to explore "time spirit" and "regional culture" dialectical unity feasible concrete principle and method. Think of new era "regional culture" is not a simple "reminiscence" and "returning to the traditional", but the spirit of the era, is the innovation. Keywords: regional culture hotel design era spirit。

7.毕业论文的英文摘要怎么写,麻烦翻译一下

In recent years, China's insurance industry is developing rapidly, but compared with developed countries, China's insurance industry development level is not enough. China's insurance industry sincere letter problem, its germ basically is a commercial credit basis is not firm, the market main body interest drive, credit supervision measures ineffective, law environment constraints are not strictly. Promises may produce opportunity cost, inertial effect, the contagion effect and systemic risk. Insurance financial in nature, security features and bear the special social responsibility, the insurance industry than other industries and has higher credibility, integrity is maintained by the insurance industry sustained and healthy development of the premise, is to enhance the competitiveness of the insurance industry and effective means, is to give full play to function of the basic requirements of the insurance industry. Therefore, to carry out the good faith construction strategies of integrated management; establishing the insurance credit system, credit evaluation of the insurance; strive to cultivate cultural integrity, regulate the insurance industry show behavior; improve the integrity of regulatory measures, strengthening government supervision; to strengthen the integrity of incentive mechanism, give full play to the rule of law, steadily promote the integrity of the insurance industry construction.

[ Key words ] integrity of the insurance industry

8.毕业论文摘要英文翻译

In the modern in power system, electric power equipment numerous, and various components operation complex, it is easy to appear all sorts of forms of electrical fault, so the relay protection measures must be taken to make the system more stable operation. This paper is to 110 KV power grid to relay protection research and design. This paper according to the characteristics of the power grid the generator, transformer parameters and the setting calculation, through the calculation results confirmed the CT/PT models. Meanwhile, in the paper, the possible all forms of short-circuit current for a detailed calculation. According to this short circuit current parameters, the design adopted phase spacing protection and zero sequence current protection two kind of relay protection measure.But because of the relay protection device may be because of its own defects misoperation, so in this design has also used the automatic reclosing technology, through the automatic reclosing device can reduce this error action as much as possible, so that the whole power system can be more stable operation.希望里边的句子能对你有帮助，可以自己修改下，我也是找人帮你翻译的，望采纳！。

9.毕业论文的英文摘要怎么弄,怎么才能把他翻译成英文

In this paper, ordinary differential equations courses, to explore how to realize "high-early binding", and mathematics in secondary schools in the basis of ordinary differential equations, as well as ordinary differential equations of the guiding role of mathematics in secondary schools to do some discussion, for systems of ordinary differential equations of high under the mathematical point of view to provide some secondary material.

Key words, Ordinary Differential Equations; School Mathematics; combination of high early

本科毕业论文摘要怎么翻译(本科论文英文摘要怎么翻译)

1.本科论文英文摘要怎么翻译

用谷歌翻译或是有道在线翻译，都行。

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。 2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。

（短篇论文不必列目录） 3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。

4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。

每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。

5、论文正文： （1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义， 并指出论文写作的范围。

引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。 〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。

主体部分包括以下内容： a.提出-论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证； c.解决问题-论证与步骤； d.结论。 6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。

参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。 中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息 所列参考文献的要求是： （1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。

（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

2.英语翻译 本科毕业论文摘要翻译成英语

As the degree of air pollution in recent years China's increasing severity, people began to realize that the atmospheric pollution

hazards

and began to

reflect, to environmental damage from extensive

mode for

the cost of

economic development has not been able to continue. The atmospheric environment if continue to be very serious pollution, the development of

human

society

will cause

inestimable losses.

Change the mode of economic growth,

control of air pollution,

protect the atmospheric environment is imminent.

Taking Xinle city

as an example,

through the data

collected from

Xinle

City, the current pollution situation is very serious, at the same time,

according to

people in the past

on air pollution control experience combined with the local reality put forward the

view of

their own, starting from the legislative means, economic means,

ideological education and so on, in order to provide suggestions for the to solve the problem of local air pollution.（毕业大学生真泛滥啊。。。。.

3.大学毕业论文摘要英文翻译

Abstract

Hospital information system (HospitalInformation System), also known as the"hospital management information system", refers to the use of computer software and hardware technology, network communication technology and other modern means, the integrated management of the hospital and its affiliated departments of stream of people, logistics, financial flow, produced in variousstages of medical data acquisition, storage, processing, extraction, transmission,summary, generate a variety of information processing, information systems to provide comprehensive, automated management and all kinds of services for the overall operation of the hospital. Hospital information system (HIS) has become a symbol of the modern management of the hospital. This paper expounds thedevelopment process of hospital information system of outpatient registration system database management system. Analysis of the various functional design of the relation database management system has various functions realization,design description methods and algorithms, and concrete related technologies used in the.

Hospital information management system to prepare the implementation of theoutpatient doctor patient information, information, management of drug information, at the same time, also realized the information of patient treatment,patient registration and some other commonly used function operation. After several tests, the system can be in the normal operation of the windowsoperating system to install the SQL Server2005, is a practical, reliable andconvenient operation of the hospital information management system, realize the basic functions of information management system for hospital outpatient, has achieved the anticipated target.

Keywords: information management system for hospital outpatient department;management information system; database connection

望采纳 ，最好加分赏赐，哈哈。

4.毕业论文的摘要怎么翻译成英文

n this experiment, as tested grape fungus Botrytis cinerea, to fennel, dried tangerine peel, star anise as the experimental materials to study three kinds of spices on the inhibition of gray mold. The experiment carried out by Soxhlet extraction extractor, filter paper method of using three varieties of different concentrations of the extract on the growth inhibition of Botrytis cinerea, and PDA liquid medium with a minimum inhibitory concentration determination, to explore the best The effect of species and the optimal concentration. Experiments show that the three extracts at different concentrations of Botrytis cinerea were inhibited by their strong inhibition of spore. The results of the minimum inhibitory concentration can be found, white garlic extract on the minimum inhibitory concentration of Botrytis cinerea was 45mg/ml, Purple garlic extract on cinerea minimum inhibitory concentration of 120mg/ml, two red garlic extracts on Botrytis cinerea minimum inhibitory concentration of 270mg/ml. Key words: Botrytis cinerea; extract; inhibitory effect。

5.求本科毕业论文摘要英文翻译 要求规范 原创

不是原创！谢谢！！！

Cooperative learning in elementary school mathematics teaching research

the

The new curriculum standard advocates autonomy, cooperation, and explore ways of learning. Cooperative learning is a kind of important as teaching organization form, has become one of the highlights of today's classroom teaching. This teaching theory and strategy to implement quality education of China advocates classroom teaching reform, more show very exuberant vitality, widely applied by the education workers, and have achieved some results. Cooperative learning group is proposed in this paper, the significance and the application of the connotation of cooperative learning group, combined with the case in the elementary school mathematics teaching are summarized, analyzed in the elementary school mathematics teaching application of cooperative learning methods and approaches, enables the student to study, learn to cooperate with others, the cultivation of students' creative thinking and teamwork.

Keywords: primary school. Cooperative learning, Mathematics teaching, application

6.毕业论文摘要本怎么翻译

How does the present paper research's goal realize the mine clearance small game, how 6.0 technology's superiority developments to design this game using Visual the Basic, how to cause the game to operate and to demonstrate even more perfect. Paper primary coverage including the following five parts: the first part had confessed the research question's background, has expounded this research goal, the significance and the basic mentality. the second part has made this design according to the paper need simple introduction development kit Visual the Basic 6.0 histories and the basic function. the third part is the flow plan, the present paper research mine clearance flow plan may divide into roughly: The picture initial, plays the family presses down the first block and for the non-land mine block when launches, after completing the flow plan, the detailed analysis makes the technology which this design utilizes, carries on using vb various modules consummates the game. fourth part of game's realization, what first does is the picture plan, realizes according to the picture plan plays various part of code compilation, is to the procedure debugging. the fifth part synthesizes this research the viewpoint and the elaboration, has formed the conclusion, and had pointed out the research insufficiency, makes the summary.。

7.毕业论文的摘要怎么翻译成英文

n this experiment, as tested grape fungus Botrytis cinerea, to fennel, dried tangerine peel, star anise as the experimental materials to study three kinds of spices on the inhibition of gray mold. The experiment carried out by Soxhlet extraction extractor, filter paper method of using three varieties of different concentrations of the extract on the growth inhibition of Botrytis cinerea, and PDA liquid medium with a minimum inhibitory concentration determination, to explore the best The effect of species and the optimal concentration. Experiments show that the three extracts at different concentrations of Botrytis cinerea were inhibited by their strong inhibition of spore. The results of the minimum inhibitory concentration can be found, white garlic extract on the minimum inhibitory concentration of Botrytis cinerea was 45mg/ml, Purple garlic extract on cinerea minimum inhibitory concentration of 120mg/ml, two red garlic extracts on Botrytis cinerea minimum inhibitory concentration of 270mg/ml.

Key words: Botrytis cinerea; extract; inhibitory effect

8.毕业论文的摘要怎么翻译啊

Reads as follows:

With the rapid development of computer technology and the popularity of computer technology, more and more computer applications work life, and application software development to become a major production needs.

This paper analyzed the time the player development background and significance of the development, analysis of the online display features of conventional players, the majority of users of the more frequent use of day-to-day functions of collection, to address the urgent needs of customers, the use of Delphi7.0 Tools Development The time players, put aside the design of conventional design, lines need to, the user sets commonly used in the operation of functional integration and enhance the user's operational efficiency and shorten the operation time. Have a high practical value.

毕业论文英文摘要怎么翻译专业(求毕业论文摘要的英文翻译专业一点的急)

1.求毕业论文摘要的英文翻译（专业一点的）急

Any information system , the hidden trouble disregarding whose how perfect , working safe control function environment how safe, there existing safety in city. The main body of a book the characteristic according to network Accounting Information Systems , at present informationize union our country level, aspect such as having analysed main safe hidden trouble and the cause coming into being that the network currently in effect there exists in Accounting Information Systems, and having managed from personnel quality , technology way , legal system building , the inside has submitted the pertinency suggestion.Keywords: Network Accounting Information Systems; Safety snakes in the grass; Countermeasure。

2.毕业论文英文摘要翻译

[abstract] This is Changsha YuanGe residential area design， 【construction's long, wide】，（不知道是你写的不全还是怎么，有点不通，如果你要加数字，就用the length of construction is。the width of construction is。） a total of 12 layer, total building area is。, building height of principal part is。. Design content mainly includes the architectural design and structural design .

The part of architectural design Including the overall layout,the plane and vertical transportation, and the requirements of fire prevention and evacuation. Design mainly include

planar configuration, elevation and profile design and fire protection and evacuation design, etc., follow the principle of "safty,availability,economy,aesthetics" , satisfy people's demand for residential use function and aesthetic.

Design structure using short-leg

shear wall system, to adapt to the new housing concept of people. Combining with hand calculation and PKPM computing , including load calculation (gravity load, wind load),shear walls and floor slabs, the design calculation of beam and reinforcement.

Key words: short-leg shear wall; High-rise residential; The structure design

本人CET-6水平，纯手工翻译，除查询专业单词外，绝没使用软件，耗时20分钟，还望采纳。希望你论文获得成功。

3.毕业论文摘要英文翻译,求英文专业高手帮忙翻译,谢谢了~

With the continuous development of information technologies and networks with the new wave of shopping become diversified, buying gradually integrated into people's daily lives. E-commerce as an emerging business model in recent years, the rapid development, occupies an important position in the Internet industry. In the case of e-commerce is hot, applying the traditional cake shops B2C business model for online sales, more flexible and easy to manage. Online cake shop system development using myeclipse8.5+SQL Server2005, developed based on JSP+web technology, is divided into front-end and back-office operations most. From the beginning of design to design to detailed design, are further broken down to the system at every step, into every detail. Many successful cases of e-commerce, the system tries to be able to make online sales site with its own style. This user friendly system to achieve a sales system, friendly interface enables users to easily browse cake information and purchase, giving administrators add/drop, such as cake and order processing routine admin functions. Through continuous commissioning and operation system to stable employment, better online sales system the basic functions.行么？。

4.求把毕业论文的摘要翻译成英文（求专业英语的来帮助）

附件也已经上传，供参考。

on the challenging of lack of water resource and waste of agricultural water, a water saving system was designed to solve this problem. AT89C52 microcontroller was adopted as core part of MCU, the system was modularized designed and consists several modules, data acquisition and processing system, motor driving unit and alarming unit, LCD display module, etc., C language was used for coding, Proteus and Keil tools were utilized for simulation and testing. The results of testing and simulation proved that with this system, the real time data of temperature and humidity can be displayed and monitored, the water saving irrigation function can be realized, with some significant features such as lower cost, lower power consumption and robust design。.。

5.本人毕业论文的英文摘要,请帮我翻译成英文吧,求英语专业的网友,

Abstract: Under the condition of market economy, the merits of the compensation system is directly related to business performance. Enterprises to retain talent, have market competitiveness must be provided to workers' wages, when carries on the compensation system design should be a relatively fair internally, external competitive compensation system. Based on the actual situation of luliang and embellish energy co., LTD as the background, through the analysis of the problems existing in the enterprise existing compensation system, the use of human resource management in the relevant theories of salary design, the Suggestions to improve the compensation system of enterprises, in order to the enterprise to attract talents, retain talents, improve the level of human resource management. Based on the salary survey, understand the external compensation levels, enhances the market competitiveness of the enterprise; By piece rate, the design of the post merit pay, bonuses and other compensation, make the employees' salaries are tied with the company's benefit and individual performance, improve the staff's work enthusiasm.Keywords: Compensation system, incentive, The sales staff。

6.求英语专业高手翻译毕业论文内容摘要~~

The Design And implementation of Online-shopping Mall

Key Words: Internet, Electronic commerce, JPS online shopping mall

Abstract:

In today's highly developed internet context,People's shopping means and shopping behavior have been connected to the Internet. Thus, the System of Online-shopping Mall has became an essential carrier for e-commerce on the internet.This system use the JSP language to compile the website , which can completely implement the basic functions of an e-commerce web. Shoppers can make registation to be a VIP member of the web ,after logging onto their VIP account,they could realize their purchase. By the shopping cart,the VIP members can buy whatever at their own will, they can also add,delete as well as check out. Through the inner product management section, the system administrator can do many operations including adding ,deleting,modifying the goods on the website, as well as the relative information of the users'. Daily maintenance of the site can also be done.

呵呵，逐字逐句斟酌的，纯属个人翻译。欢迎提出宝贵建议。

希望能帮的上你，祝你好运！

7.毕业论文摘要英文翻译

In science and technology is highly developed today, economic globalization makes with regional features of culture gradually disappear. This paper introduces the concepts of the regional culture from China, analysis, and hotel indoor set with regional culture in the modern research of applied research design, the hotel, the case of comparison and thinking, summarizes the research and design gimmick, discusses the application of regional culture in the hotel the significance and historical inevitability. And through the analysis of the specific case to explore "time spirit" and "regional culture" dialectical unity feasible concrete principle and method. Think of new era "regional culture" is not a simple "reminiscence" and "returning to the traditional", but the spirit of the era, is the innovation. Keywords: regional culture hotel design era spirit。

8.毕业论文 摘要 英文翻译

The development of China's textile exports have been international textile trade system seriously, quotas, and increasing variety of Settings main varieties of quotas for our export strengths. According to the world trade organization WTO textile and apparel trade integrated treatment, including the United States, the European Union, Canada, Turkey set quotas of countries and regions of China were part of the export textile and clothing products category are cancelled quotas. Of course, the domestic existing appearance for the export products, system structure, product quality problem is serious influence our textile and clothing products export and development. But in the following two aspects: one is the market access, 2 it is competitive.

"Green barrier" in many cases, not on many of the products to the market, but through direct limit environmental standards set or improve the original environment standard, thus improving the product cost, weaken the international competitiveness of products. Compared with the market access of "green barrier" product competitiveness of more extensive and profound influence. Because of some environmental standards and influence of market access, often is the product of the individual, and because, "green barrier" and involves product competitiveness is common often.

China's textile enterprises in environment mark authentication is relatively backward, and appear to China textile and apparel production enterprise 7 million, is one of the world's biggest exporter, clothing production and authentication of such obviously not reasonable, also not congruent with.

China's textile enterprises should actively application environment, is the current standard of PPM enterprises to improve product competition environment, the important way.

本科毕业论文翻译原文怎么找

1.请问本科生毕业论文的外文翻译去哪里找

先到百度文库，找一篇此类文档中文的，然后用有道翻译，或是谷歌在线翻译翻成英

文，然后把英文放上面，中文放下面。希望可以帮到你。如果要找标准的PDF格式外文文

献，可以在谷歌，用英文文献名+空格+PDF 这样比较容易找到。

第一是Google搜索，主要是英文，尤其是其学术搜索，意义大。

第二，通过各大学图书馆系统，进入几个主流的出版发行集团。

第三，利用网络免费储存、电子书系统。尤其是国外多。

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。

2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）

3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。

4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。

5、论文正文： （1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义， 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。 〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容： a.提出-论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证； c.解决问题-论证与步骤； d.结论。

6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。 中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息 所列参考文献的要求是： （1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。 （2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

一，选题要新颖。

这次我的论文的成功，和高分，得到导师的赞许，都是因为我论文的选题新颖所给我带来的好处。最好涉及护理新领域，以及新进展，这样会给人耳目一新的感觉。

二，大量文献做基础

仔细查阅和你论文题目和研究范围相关的文献，大量的文献查阅会你的论文写作铺垫，借鉴别人的思路，和好的语言。而且在写作过程不会觉得语言平乏，当然也要自己一定的语言功底做基矗

三，一气呵成

做好充分的准备，不要每天写一些，每天改一些，这样会打断自己的思路，影响文章的连贯。

四，尽量采用多的专业术语

可能口语化的表达会给人带来亲切感，但论文是比较专业的形式，是有可能做为文献来查阅和检索的，所以论文语言的专业化，术语化会提升自己论文的水平。

五，用正规格式书写

参考正规的论文文献，论文格式。不要因为格式问题，而影响到你论文的质量。

六，最好在计算机上完成写作过程

如果有条件最好利用电脑来完成写作过程，好处以下几点：1，节省时间，无论打字的速度慢到什么程度，肯定要比手写的快。2，方便，大量的文献放在手边，一个一个查阅是很不方便的，文献都是用数据库编辑，所以都是在电脑上完成。提前先在电脑上摘要出重点，写出提纲，随时翻阅，方便写作。3，修改编辑，在电脑随时对文章进行修改编辑都是非常的方便。4，随时存档，写一段，存一段，防止突然停电，或者电脑当机。本人就是吃了这个大亏，一个晚上的劳动，差点就全没了，幸亏男友是电脑高手，帮我找回。否则就恨着电脑，哭死算了。

七，成稿打印好交给导师

无论你的字写的多么优美，还是按照惯例来，打印出的文字显的正规，而且交流不存在任何的问题，不会让导师因为看不懂你的龙飞凤舞，而低估你的论文。而且干净整洁，女孩子不仅注意自己的形象问题，书面的东西也反映你的修养和气质。

八，听取导师意见，仔细修改

导师会给你一些关于你论文建设性的意见，仔细参考，认真修改。毕竟导师是发表过多篇论文，有颇多的经验。

2.毕业论文外文翻译英语原文去哪里找

以下是些英语论文，你可以参考下：）~~ 英语（科技/经贸英语）毕业论文 或：） /education/reference/papers/ 英语毕业论文[1829] 毕业论文的引文[208] 毕业论文选题和观点方面的…[139] 毕业论文的评价[83] /article_show.asp?articleid=1398 教育论文网：） 很多的 /lw/list3-1.htm 英语论文：） /lw/list3-1.htm。

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