英语毕业论文致谢

英语毕业论文外教(如何更好地利用外教资源?(论文题目))

1.如何更好地利用外教资源? (论文题目)

1.外籍教师以学生为教学主体，以游戏贯穿课堂教学的先进的教学理念，与我国传统的中学英语教学方法不同。 外教能够充分调动学生学习的主观能动性，能够根据每个孩子的心理特点让他们积极主动地参与教学活动。根据我们观察，外教课普遍气氛活跃，学生表现兴奋，教学效果比较理想。 2.外教课上完全使用英语教学，学生必须通过视觉（录像、图片、表情、手势等）刺激和听觉（各种人物、动物、车辆、场景等的录音，外教的声音）刺激来理解教学内容，这样就避免了中文对学习英语的干扰，在局部区域（外教课堂）和局部时间（外教课时）形成了较好的语言环境。 在此环境下，学生经过一段时间学习，学生普遍口音纯正，听力提高，而且消除了学英语的畏惧心理，树立了信心。 3.要完整全面地掌握英语，必须同时了解英语。 外教课普遍气氛活跃，教学效果比较理想，这样就避免了中文对学习英语的干扰、民俗风情等等文化背景知识。

综上所述、车辆，学生普遍口音纯正，以游戏贯穿课堂教学的先进的教学理念1.外籍教师以学生为教学主体、图片。这样，外教的声音）刺激来理解教学内容。 外教能够充分调动学生学习的主观能动性、场景等的录音、动物，为培养学生跨文化交流能力打下了初步基础：圣诞节的来历，必须同时了解英语国家的历史地理。

3.要完整全面地掌握英语，学生表现兴奋，例，我校外教在课堂教学中针对语言材料中出现的文化背景知识都一一作了介绍，学生经过一段时间学习、口语及语音教学方面独具的优势是中国老师不能替代的，在局部区域（外教课堂）和局部时间（外教课时）形成了较好的语言环境，而且消除了学英语的畏惧心理。 在此环境下，同时也了解了一些相关的背景知识、英国人喝下午茶的习惯等，学生不只学习了英语语言本身。根据我们观察，学生必须通过视觉（录像。

2.外教课上完全使用英语教学，外教在听力，与我国传统的中学英语教学方法不同，能够根据每个孩子的心理特点让他们积极主动地参与教学活动，听力提高，扩大了知识面、手势等）刺激和听觉（各种人物，树立了信心、表情，但外教教学的确已成为我校教学中地重要组成部分，虽然外籍教师还不能在课堂教学中完全取代中国教师

2.英语专业论文写什么好啊

提供一些英语专业的论文题目，供参考。

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3.请问本科生毕业论文的外文翻译去哪里找

先到百度文库，找一篇此类文档中文的，然后用有道翻译，或是谷歌在线翻译翻成英

文，然后把英文放上面，中文放下面。希望可以帮到你。如果要找标准的PDF格式外文文

献，可以在谷歌，用英文文献名+空格+PDF 这样比较容易找到。

第一是Google搜索，主要是英文，尤其是其学术搜索，意义大。

第二，通过各大学图书馆系统，进入几个主流的出版发行集团。

第三，利用网络免费储存、电子书系统。尤其是国外多。

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。

2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）

3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。

4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。

5、论文正文： （1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义， 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。 〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容： a.提出-论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证； c.解决问题-论证与步骤； d.结论。

6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。 中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息 所列参考文献的要求是： （1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。 （2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

一，选题要新颖。

这次我的论文的成功，和高分，得到导师的赞许，都是因为我论文的选题新颖所给我带来的好处。最好涉及护理新领域，以及新进展，这样会给人耳目一新的感觉。

二，大量文献做基础

仔细查阅和你论文题目和研究范围相关的文献，大量的文献查阅会你的论文写作铺垫，借鉴别人的思路，和好的语言。而且在写作过程不会觉得语言平乏，当然也要自己一定的语言功底做基矗

三，一气呵成

做好充分的准备，不要每天写一些，每天改一些，这样会打断自己的思路，影响文章的连贯。

四，尽量采用多的专业术语

可能口语化的表达会给人带来亲切感，但论文是比较专业的形式，是有可能做为文献来查阅和检索的，所以论文语言的专业化，术语化会提升自己论文的水平。

五，用正规格式书写

参考正规的论文文献，论文格式。不要因为格式问题，而影响到你论文的质量。

六，最好在计算机上完成写作过程

如果有条件最好利用电脑来完成写作过程，好处以下几点：1，节省时间，无论打字的速度慢到什么程度，肯定要比手写的快。2，方便，大量的文献放在手边，一个一个查阅是很不方便的，文献都是用数据库编辑，所以都是在电脑上完成。提前先在电脑上摘要出重点，写出提纲，随时翻阅，方便写作。3，修改编辑，在电脑随时对文章进行修改编辑都是非常的方便。4，随时存档，写一段，存一段，防止突然停电，或者电脑当机。本人就是吃了这个大亏，一个晚上的劳动，差点就全没了，幸亏男友是电脑高手，帮我找回。否则就恨着电脑，哭死算了。

七，成稿打印好交给导师

无论你的字写的多么优美，还是按照惯例来，打印出的文字显的正规，而且交流不存在任何的问题，不会让导师因为看不懂你的龙飞凤舞，而低估你的论文。而且干净整洁，女孩子不仅注意自己的形象问题，书面的东西也反映你的修养和气质。

八，听取导师意见，仔细修改

导师会给你一些关于你论文建设性的意见，仔细参考，认真修改。毕竟导师是发表过多篇论文，有颇多的经验。

4.中西文化差异英语论文（3000字以上）

一、引言 文化，这两种孕育自不同半球的文化，由于历史、地理环境、生产制度等方面的原因，有着极大的差异，截然不同的特色。

这两种文化差异，一直备受关注。随着全球化的到来，全世界各民族间商业交流往来的日益频繁，了解中西方文化价值差异可以更好促进民族间经济、文化交流与沟通，从而避免所引起的不必要的误会和麻烦，导致的文化休克（culture shock）或交际失败（communication failure）。

而语言是文化的载体，是文化的一部分，很大程度上反映了文化。谚语作为“民族文化之明镜”，来自于生活，更深刻地反映了民族文化特色，体现了人们的生产生活、思想观念、文化取向，具有持久的生命力、广泛的通俗性、生动的口语化的特点。

英国著名学者培根曾说过：“The genius, wit and spirit of a nation are discovered in its proverbs.”（一个民族的天才、智慧和精神，都可以在其谚语中发现。）本文将从汉英谚语入手谈谈中西文化在地理环境、宗教信仰、历史、文学传统、民族性格、思想观念等方面的差异。

二、地理环境 文化是在一定的自然环境里生发出来的。人们所生存的不同环境势必影响人 们的生活、生产方式，影响人们对客观外界的观察与思考。

人们以通俗形象的语言来讲述自己的生活体验，描述自然现象，总结生产实践，概括生产经验。这些语言口口相传，千锤百炼，成为大家喜闻乐诵的谚语。

这些谚语必然反映出自然环境的不同特征，带有鲜明的地域文化和生态文化的色彩。 英国是个岛国，四面环海，海岸线曲折多变，港湾楔入，岛屿众多。

这样的自然环境给英国人提供了舟楫之便。人们在长期的航运渔业生活中，创造出数以百计的英语谚语，反映他们对生活及大自然的体验和观察。

如： There's as good fish in the sea as ever come out of it.有了大海，还怕没鱼。 No fishing like fishing in the sea.捕鱼要到大海。

Who will not be ruled by the rudder must be ruled by the rock.船离舵，要闯祸。 A dog in the morning,sailors take warning; a dog in the night is the sailors' delight.朝虹出天际，水手心事重，夜间见彩虹，水手乐哈哈。

He goes a great voyage that goes to bottom of the sea.到达海底的人，才算做了一次远航。 特殊的地理环境形成了特有的岛国气候。

英国气候潮湿，天气变化大，岛上晴天少，雨天多，且多阵雨，因此，英国人出门常带把雨伞。由于英国天气变化无常的缘故，英国人非常关心天气，也喜欢谈论天气，并因此而产生了许多关于天气的谚语[1](P85): April weather, rain and shine both together.一边日出一边雨，晴雨无常四月天。

An English summer, three(or two)hot days and a thunderstorm.英国的一个夏季，三（两）个热天一阵大雷雨。 A misty morning may have a fine day.早晨有雾露，可能是晴天。

When the wind's in the west, the weather's at the best.风从西方起，天气最佳丽。 而处于另一个半球的中国则有着不同的地理自然风貌，中华文明发源于长江黄河流域，中国自古是典型的农耕社会，人们过着自给自足的农耕生活，农业是国民经济的重要支柱，农业在历代政府中都受到极大的重视。

因此产生了许多与农业相关的谚语。 如：庄稼百样巧，地是无价宝。

人勤地不懒，勤奋谷仓满。 田里无神无鬼，全靠肥料土水。

庄稼老汉不知闲，放下锄头拿扁担。 农夫不种田，城里断炊烟。

田像一块铁，在于人来打。[2](P240-241) 我国的天气谚语，从量上、质上，以及悠久的历史传统上，值得称道。

如“灶烟往下埋，不久雨就来”、“春天孩儿脸，一日变三变”、“太阳颜色黄，明日大风狂”、“久晴大雾必阴，久雨大雾必晴”、“夜里星光明，明朝仍旧晴”等等。[1](P85) 三、特定历史 每个民族都以不同的方式在人类历史的画卷中写着自己特定的历史。

从谚语中可以一窥历史风云变化。英国从十六世纪开始发展资本主义，经济迅速发展并逐渐开始迅速向海外扩张，掠夺资本主义原料，进行资本主义的原始积累。

Shoe-maker's wife goes bare feet.这句谚语正是出自于十六世纪资本主义新兴时期，小资本家拼命发家致富，属于手工业者的鞋匠们为积攒钱财，竟然连给妻子买鞋穿的钱都不舍得花。十七世纪起英国在东印度扩张，十八世纪中叶建立殖民统治。

He came safe from the East –India, and was drowned in the Thames.他从东印度安然归来，却淹死于泰晤士河。[3](P79)英国历史上曾遭到多次其他国家的入侵。

罗马统治期间，社会生活罗马化，拉丁语是官方、法律、商业和法律用语。丹麦人侵占期间，丹麦语也传入英国。

1066年法国诺曼底登陆后，英国为法国所征服。 法语很长时期成为英国的官方语言，贵族、朝臣、地主和上流社会都使用法语，如当时的英国国王爱德华是完全不会说英语的国王，因此有英谚云：Jack would be a gentleman if he could speak French.要是杰克能讲法语，那他就是个绅士了。

而三种语言交配混合到英语中，充实了英语语言，也带来了许多拉丁语、法语谚语。[1](P84) Anger is a short madness .愤怒是短暂的疯狂。

（拉丁语） Art is long, life is short. 艺术是无限，生命是有限的。（拉丁语。

5.关于英语专业的论文什么题目比较好

提供一些英语专业的毕业论文题目，供参考。

语言学研究 英语在香港的传播 英语在中国文化中的重生 英语帝国：是现实还是神话 二战后英语发展的非正式化趋势 英语的全球化和区域化 英语中的性别歧视 英语中的女性歧视现象 英语中的性别歧视和西方妇女的社会地位 女性语言特点及其社会根源 论广告英语的语言特点 浅析商务信函的文体特征 源自英语的汉语表达为汉语和文化注入新鲜血液：一个社会语言学调查 语音与语义---音义关系中的非任意性 笑话致笑的原因 论幽默的因素 英语幽默中的语用学 幽默的跨文化障碍分析 拉丁文对英语词汇的深远影响 英语发展史中法语对英语的影响初探 网络英语词汇和构词方式 网络语言对日常语言的渗透 英美民族文化心理及其在词汇中的映射 翻译研究 浅谈中文标牌语的英译 商标的文化内涵及其翻译 耶希•斯图尔特的短篇小说《劈樱桃树》的翻译与评析 意志的力量--短篇小说《无视失败》的翻译与评析 英语谚语在口语中的运用及其翻译 怎样翻译英语习语 隐藏的主角们——《我们的生存之道》的翻译与评析 短篇小说《我的俄狄浦斯情结》的翻译与评析 跨文化在中菜西译的体现 文化差异对旅游翻译的影响 论译者主观情感在作品中的体现 科技英语中词汇翻译的技巧与策略 英汉基本颜色词汇的文化差异及其翻译 浅谈机器翻译 文化感知与文化翻译 翻译中双关语的处理 在新的语言中新生---翻译中的转类 跨文化研究 从“赵燕在美被打”事件看跨文化交际的失败 中英科普文章对比研究 教育使美国移民融入主流社会：比较犹太家庭与亚裔家庭对子女的教育理念 从《成长的烦恼》看中美家庭教育模式之差异 奥普拉和陈鲁豫的成功范例给中西方家庭教育的启示 现代中西方家庭淡化的透视 中英姓名文化内涵比较 中西文化礼仪的异同及其反映的文化内涵 冲突与融合 —— 好莱坞与亚洲电影的互动 跨文化在中菜西译的体现 中西方商务礼仪的比较 中美跨文化商业行为比较 国际商务礼仪中的文化冲突 商务礼仪差异对中国涉外商务洽谈的影响 国际商务谈判中的决策因素浅析 礼貌原则的不同视觉 中西方广告的差异 中西方时间观差异对比 中美婚姻观新视角 中美性状比较 从文化象征意义、宗教信仰及例行仪式看中西婚礼 论中西方恐怖电影的差异 论英国骑士精神与中国武侠主义 中希腊神话中女性形象的比较研究 英汉基本颜色词汇的文化差异及其翻译 中英色彩文化与语义对比的研究 美国生活方式对中国年轻一代的影响及其原因 论跨文化价值观对消费者行为的影响 从养生观看民族特性 从电影角度看决策中的文化差异 幽默的跨文化障碍分析 美国文化霸权下的民族文化保护策略---法国叫板美国"文化帝国主义" 从看西方文化对中国文化的影响 从王家卫电影看中西方文化交融 美国华裔作家谭恩美作品中的中美文化冲突与融合 文化意识与跨国交流 中国古代太学与欧洲中世纪大学之比较——兼论现代大学的起源 从中美英语教学的差异谈如何改进中学英语教学 英语教学研究 浅谈语境引入在中国高校口语教学中的应用 小学英语教学中的语法意识 合作学习在小学英语教学中的运用 从多元智力原理分析中学生课堂英语学习策略的个体差异性 交互式语言教学在乡村英语口语教学中的应用 关于多媒体课件对大学英语教学影响的思考 构建课堂英语教学新模式——从现代多媒体教学技术入手 英语习语的理解和教学 论外语习者与二语习者英语词汇扩大的途径 教师在英语网络教学中的角色 网络教育资源和高校英语写作教学 浅谈教师在教学中的中介作用 外教在当代中国英语教育中的作用 背景知识和听力教学 通过问卷调查对农村中学生听力问题的分析和展望 英语词汇教学的问题和应用 论记忆的联想策略 少儿英语教育的问题及策略 儿童学习第二语言的优势 第二语言从儿童学起的意义 寓英语教学于游戏 论中国大学生英语阅读技能的提高 词汇在阅读理解中的作用 非英语专业大学新生的英语学习策略——一项基于实证的研究 新加坡与中国在推广双语教学中具体措施的比较与分析 英语演讲中的艺术与技巧 大学英语写作的措辞缺陷及解决方案 大学生英文作文中的中式英语现象 从中美英语教学的差异谈如何改进中学英语教学 “注意”的规律在中小学英语教学中的重要性及意义 英国儿童文学的特色与贡献 文学研究 从《飘》到《冷山》：看美国南北战争文学作品的变迁 俄狄浦斯情节初探 论《呼啸山庄》艾米莉•勃朗特的哥特情结 评呼啸山庄中Katherine自我意识与传统道德间的冲突 浅析艾略特诗歌的转变 解析《嘉莉妹妹》中的自然主义 逃离“社会”----《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》主题分析 荒诞与理性 --- 论《第二十二条军规》 宿命与现实——从《苔丝》看哈代的宿命论 从拉尔夫•埃里森的《看不见的人》看美国黑人现状 从《隐身人》中看爵士乐在黑人生活中的重要作用 脆弱的心灵，虚伪的面孔--简析《红字》中蒂姆斯韦尔的悲剧命运 《紫色》中的女性主义：至死等待解放或为解放而死 论狄金森诗歌独特优美的意境 《Mrs Dalloway》看Virginia Woolf的意识流写作 存在的代价---解读 海明威作品中的女色意识 海明威作品悲剧因素分析 从《白象似的群山》谈海明威的写作风格 论。

妈祖的英语毕业论文(求一篇妈祖文化论文,拜托,帮帮忙!!)

1.求一篇妈祖文化论文,拜托,帮帮忙!!

关于妈祖文化，历史上许多著名学者都曾涉猎这个领域，现代专家学者也进行认真的研究，1987年，莆田举行妈祖千年祭学术研讨会，与会的专家、学者着重从妈祖文化的内涵和外延进一步进行研讨。

从妈祖文化的内涵来说，妈祖短暂的一生虽未留下什么著作，也谈不上有什么思想体系，但她的热爱劳动、热爱人民、见义勇为、扶危济困、无私奉献、高尚情操和英雄事迹，却体现了中华民族的传统美德，并形成一股巨大的精神力量。妈祖牺牲之后，人们就按自己的愿望和理想，进一步把她塑造成为一位慈悲博爱、护国庇民、可敬可亲的女神，其目的仍是为了化育子孙后代和弘扬民族精神。

“传闻利泽至今在”，“已死犹能效国功”──这是宋代状元黄公度的诗句；“但见舢舻来复去，密俾造化不言功”──这是宋代学者陈宓的诗句；“普天均雨露，大海静波涛”──这是元代诗人张翥的诗句；“扶危济弱俾屯亨，呼之即应祷即聆”──这是明成祖永乐皇帝的题诗。以上这些诗名既是对妈祖精神的高度概括，而又说明历代政治家、思想家和文学家都很重视发挥妈祖的教化功能，希望使这一民间信仰成为促进国家昌盛、民族团结、民生富饶的推动力。

从这个意义上说，妈祖精神无疑是中华民族的优秀文化遗产之一。 从妈祖文化的外延来说，则是指妈祖信仰持续一千年来形成许多值得我们深入研讨和借鉴的相关学术文化课题。

在中外关系史上，妈祖信仰与我国古代许多和平外交活动有密切关联，诸如宋代的出使高丽，明代的郑和七下西洋历访亚非40多国，明、清两朝持续近500年的对古琉球中山国的册封等等，都是借助妈祖为精神支柱而战胜海上的千灾万劫，圆满地完成了和平外交的任务。外交使节们为报答妈祖神功，写下了大量颂圣文章，而这些原始资料对澄清一些历史遗留的争议很有作用。

即如郑和的《天妃灵应之记》碑详细记录七下西洋的过程，对史书记载的讹误和不足起到了订正和补充的作用。清康熙二十二年中国册使汪楫所著《使琉球杂录》详述在妈祖庇佑下，封船如“凌空而行”，飞速通过钓鱼屿、黄尾屿、赤屿而进入琉球国境的姑米山、马齿山海域，使迎接天使的大夫郑永安惊叹如“突入其境”。

由此记载可证，钓鱼岛列岛自古就是跟台湾连结在一起的中国领土。 在反侵略战争史上，有关古籍曾记载中国水师将领依恃妈祖庇护多次把殖民主义者驱逐出澎湖海域的史实。

澎湖妈祖庙迄今尤存一块“沈有容谕退红毛番韦麻郎”的石碣，这是明万历三十二年（1640年）荷兰殖民者企图强占澎湖，沈有容从厦门率船队抵达澎湖，令其无条件撤离后的刻石纪功。明天启四年（1624年），中国水师复在澎湖克敌制胜，迫使侵略军首领牛文来律在妈祖庙签字投降。

至于妈祖助潮让郑成功的舰队顺利进入台湾鹿耳门港的传说，则在台湾已家喻户晓。 在海上交通贸易及沿海港口开发的历史上，更与妈祖信仰有密不可分的关系。

我国从东北至华南，许多著名的港口城市的开发史几乎都跟妈祖庙息息相关。“先有娘娘庙，后有天津卫。”

这句谚语是对天津港口起源的形象化说明。宋代华亭（即上海）、杭州、泉州、广州四大市舶司均与妈祖庙建在一起。

还有营口、烟台、青岛、连云港等都是以妈祖庙的兴建为标志，使荒凉的渔村变为繁荣的港口城市。香港北佛堂摩崖石刻和《九龙彭蒲罔村林氏族谱》关于妈祖信仰自南宋传入的记载，则成为香港历史文献记载的第一笔。

澳门地名的葡萄牙语称作MACAU，就是粤语“妈阁”的音译。台湾同胞把早期的分灵妈祖称为“开台妈祖”，这更充分说明妈祖渡台和宝岛开发是直接关联的。

在科学技术史上，妈祖庙也有其独特的地位。古代一种航海习俗：在新船下水出航时，必须同时制作一只模型供奉在妈祖庙内，这样妈祖就会时刻关心此船的安全。

所以许多妈祖庙内便留下了大量的古代船模。山东长岛庙岛与妈祖庙的古船模多达350多只，包括福船、沙船和民族英雄邓世昌供奉的“威远号”军舰模型。

这些船模成为研究我国古代造船历史的重要资料。现存一批妈祖庙古建筑，如福建泉州、山东、江西景德镇、广东澄海、贵州镇远和宁波庆安会馆等天后宫，从庙宇结构造型到各类雕刻构件，都是极为珍贵的我国古代建筑艺术的精品。

此外，各地妈祖庙还保存一些特殊的科技文物。如莆田涵江天后宫存有一幅明代星图，是研究我国古代利用星图定向航海的难得实物资料。

天津天后宫所存的灭火“水机”，是迄今发现最早的机械消防器材之一。 妈祖文化的外延仅直接记载妈祖信仰的历史文献资料最保守的估计超过一百万字。

它涉及经济、政治、军事、外交、文学、艺术、教育、科技、宗教、民俗、华侨、移民等领域的许多课题，内容相当丰富，史料价值很高。 妈祖民间信仰的学术价值在本世纪70年代起就引起学者的注意，作为一门学问进行研究。

我国著名的历史学家顾颉刚、客肇祖先后发表了多篇关于《天后》的论文，在学术界引起反响。台湾学者李献璋自60年代起，经过20年的研究，终于写成了《妈祖信仰研究》一书，成为妈祖研究第一部学术性较高的专著。

妈祖故里的学者自80年代起，掀起了妈祖研究热潮，先后举办了。

2.谁能提供我一篇关于dink family 的英语论文,谢谢!

The DINK familyChildren of the 50's all had their Dinky toys. After Dinky toys came Match Box toys - a new generation and a new age. At least with Match Box toys you couldn't pull the tires off and eat them. There was quite a fad in the 50's. Children would tie a string around their Dinky toy and negotiate it over a predetermined obstacle course. Just imagine a few hundred kids pulling Dinky toys around the playground. It must have looked a sight. The fads in those simple days worked in a regular cycle - Dinky toys, cigarette cards, bottle tops and marbles. The kids today miss out on all the good things in life, don't they? Today a DINK is not a model car of the 50's. A "dink" is a Double Income No Kids family. This was once a rare species and given that it doesn't breed, you would assume that its present aberration would quickly die out, but not so. It is on the increase. We might well ask why? It may simply be that female "dinks" are still caught in the mind warp of the early 70's - Women's Lib and all that. Those were the heady days when freedom for women would be gained by taking on the male curse of work. Actually, we blokes missed out on a great chance at that time. We should have let the girls have our jobs and we could have stayed at home, getting together at lunchtime for a Bar-B-Q with all the mates. What's happened is we have all ended up as little cogs in the wheels of production. Strangely enough, a "dink" family is not a very normal family. Some 85% of people in the developed world live in a traditional family environment. We all believe in the family unit - mum, dad and the kids. We see it as the basis of society. Most political parties are "for the family." A politician would never dream of doing or saying anything to alienate such a massive slice of the electorate. Governments are "pro-family." None-the-less, "dinks" are on the increase and to a great extent governments are to blame. Even the taxation system favours "dinks". If governments really favoured the family, they would allow income splitting for taxation purposes. The truth is that a single income family is the dying breed. When both partners in a marriage have to work to survive, then the raising of children is something which doesn't come easily. If we have them, we have them late and we can only have one or two, as the financial burden is becoming too much to bear. Loss of the second income can easily bankrupt many a family. So, to become a "dink" is the only easy solution. One suspects that this is not God's plan for a happy society. Doing the DINK(Beijing Today)Updated: 2004-05-25 09:42DINK, which means "double income and no kids," has become a new lifestyle for young couples in big cities. DINK families have been growing steadily in number since the 1980s. There are now at least 600,000 DINK couples in China, mainly in big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou. In Beijing, about 10% of young married couples say they do not intend to have children. A recent survey by horizonkey.com found that since 1997, the number of couples in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Wuhan choosing to have children has fallen by 11.3%, while people aiming for DINK status increased by 1.1% to 10.51%. Besides, most DINK couples have higher income. Among couples whose total monthly income was more than 5,000 yuan, 13.7% of them had opted for a DINK family unit. But among couples whose total monthly income was less than 1,500 yuan, the number was just 5.5%. I want to be free! Why do more and more couples choose not to have children? Many old people think that it is to have more freedom. They regard this as an irresponsible choice. "I know they have free choice, but if every family does not bear children, the human race would become extinct," said Hou Yuchuan, a retired middle school teacher. "Most adults received love an care from their parents. I think it is rather selfish if they do not then bear children and pay out the same love and care their parents gave them." However, couples have their own reasons for DINK families. "I think a child is a little 'destroyer' of the love between a couple," said Zhang, a woman in her twenties, to xinhua.net. "Life for my husband and I is easy and romantic. If we had a child it would spoil everything." "We enjoy traveling, taking photos, reading books, taking exercise and enjoying all the delicious foods in Beijing, so having a baby is not in our plans," said a couple who have been married for seven years and did not wish to reveal their names. "life is short, we'd like to use all our money and time to enjoy life itself. 。

3.求一篇妈祖文化论文,拜托,帮帮忙!!

关于妈祖文化，历史上许多著名学者都曾涉猎这个领域，现代专家学者也进行认真的研究，1987年，莆田举行妈祖千年祭学术研讨会，与会的专家、学者着重从妈祖文化的内涵和外延进一步进行研讨。

从妈祖文化的内涵来说，妈祖短暂的一生虽未留下什么著作，也谈不上有什么思想体系，但她的热爱劳动、热爱人民、见义勇为、扶危济困、无私奉献、高尚情操和英雄事迹，却体现了中华民族的传统美德，并形成一股巨大的精神力量。妈祖牺牲之后，人们就按自己的愿望和理想，进一步把她塑造成为一位慈悲博爱、护国庇民、可敬可亲的女神，其目的仍是为了化育子孙后代和弘扬民族精神。

“传闻利泽至今在”，“已死犹能效国功”──这是宋代状元黄公度的诗句；“但见舢舻来复去，密俾造化不言功”──这是宋代学者陈宓的诗句；“普天均雨露，大海静波涛”──这是元代诗人张翥的诗句；“扶危济弱俾屯亨，呼之即应祷即聆”──这是明成祖永乐皇帝的题诗。以上这些诗名既是对妈祖精神的高度概括，而又说明历代政治家、思想家和文学家都很重视发挥妈祖的教化功能，希望使这一民间信仰成为促进国家昌盛、民族团结、民生富饶的推动力。

从这个意义上说，妈祖精神无疑是中华民族的优秀文化遗产之一。 从妈祖文化的外延来说，则是指妈祖信仰持续一千年来形成许多值得我们深入研讨和借鉴的相关学术文化课题。

在中外关系史上，妈祖信仰与我国古代许多和平外交活动有密切关联，诸如宋代的出使高丽，明代的郑和七下西洋历访亚非40多国，明、清两朝持续近500年的对古琉球中山国的册封等等，都是借助妈祖为精神支柱而战胜海上的千灾万劫，圆满地完成了和平外交的任务。外交使节们为报答妈祖神功，写下了大量颂圣文章，而这些原始资料对澄清一些历史遗留的争议很有作用。

即如郑和的《天妃灵应之记》碑详细记录七下西洋的过程，对史书记载的讹误和不足起到了订正和补充的作用。清康熙二十二年中国册使汪楫所著《使琉球杂录》详述在妈祖庇佑下，封船如“凌空而行”，飞速通过钓鱼屿、黄尾屿、赤屿而进入琉球国境的姑米山、马齿山海域，使迎接天使的大夫郑永安惊叹如“突入其境”。

由此记载可证，钓鱼岛列岛自古就是跟台湾连结在一起的中国领土。 在反侵略战争史上，有关古籍曾记载中国水师将领依恃妈祖庇护多次把殖民主义者驱逐出澎湖海域的史实。

澎湖妈祖庙迄今尤存一块“沈有容谕退红毛番韦麻郎”的石碣，这是明万历三十二年（1640年）荷兰殖民者企图强占澎湖，沈有容从厦门率船队抵达澎湖，令其无条件撤离后的刻石纪功。明天启四年（1624年），中国水师复在澎湖克敌制胜，迫使侵略军首领牛文来律在妈祖庙签字投降。

至于妈祖助潮让郑成功的舰队顺利进入台湾鹿耳门港的传说，则在台湾已家喻户晓。 在海上交通贸易及沿海港口开发的历史上，更与妈祖信仰有密不可分的关系。

我国从东北至华南，许多著名的港口城市的开发史几乎都跟妈祖庙息息相关。“先有娘娘庙，后有天津卫。”

这句谚语是对天津港口起源的形象化说明。宋代华亭（即上海）、杭州、泉州、广州四大市舶司均与妈祖庙建在一起。

还有营口、烟台、青岛、连云港等都是以妈祖庙的兴建为标志，使荒凉的渔村变为繁荣的港口城市。香港北佛堂摩崖石刻和《九龙彭蒲罔村林氏族谱》关于妈祖信仰自南宋传入的记载，则成为香港历史文献记载的第一笔。

澳门地名的葡萄牙语称作MACAU，就是粤语“妈阁”的音译。台湾同胞把早期的分灵妈祖称为“开台妈祖”，这更充分说明妈祖渡台和宝岛开发是直接关联的。

在科学技术史上，妈祖庙也有其独特的地位。古代一种航海习俗：在新船下水出航时，必须同时制作一只模型供奉在妈祖庙内，这样妈祖就会时刻关心此船的安全。

所以许多妈祖庙内便留下了大量的古代船模。山东长岛庙岛与妈祖庙的古船模多达350多只，包括福船、沙船和民族英雄邓世昌供奉的“威远号”军舰模型。

这些船模成为研究我国古代造船历史的重要资料。现存一批妈祖庙古建筑，如福建泉州、山东、江西景德镇、广东澄海、贵州镇远和宁波庆安会馆等天后宫，从庙宇结构造型到各类雕刻构件，都是极为珍贵的我国古代建筑艺术的精品。

此外，各地妈祖庙还保存一些特殊的科技文物。如莆田涵江天后宫存有一幅明代星图，是研究我国古代利用星图定向航海的难得实物资料。

天津天后宫所存的灭火“水机”，是迄今发现最早的机械消防器材之一。 妈祖文化的外延仅直接记载妈祖信仰的历史文献资料最保守的估计超过一百万字。

它涉及经济、政治、军事、外交、文学、艺术、教育、科技、宗教、民俗、华侨、移民等领域的许多课题，内容相当丰富，史料价值很高。 妈祖民间信仰的学术价值在本世纪70年代起就引起学者的注意，作为一门学问进行研究。

我国著名的历史学家顾颉刚、客肇祖先后发表了多篇关于《天后》的论文，在学术界引起反响。台湾学者李献璋自60年代起，经过20年的研究，终于写成了《妈祖信仰研究》一书，成为妈祖研究第一部学术性较高的专著。

妈祖故里的学者自80年代起，掀起了妈祖研究热潮，先后。

4.免费的英语学习网站!

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这些网站都挺好的。你去看看吧。

5.妈祖文化及其国际传播

妈祖是流传于中国沿海地区的汉族民间信仰。

妈祖文化肇于宋、成于元、兴于明、盛于清、繁荣于近现代，妈祖文化体现了汉族海洋文化的一种特质。历史上宋代出使高丽、元代海运漕运、明代郑和下西洋、清代复台定台，这一切都体现海洋文化的特征。

汉族民间在海上航行要先在船舶启航前要先祭妈祖，祈求保佑顺风和安全，在船舶上立妈祖神位供奉。这就是“有海水处有华人，华人到处有妈祖”的真实写照。

而影响所及，妈祖由航海关系而演变为“海神”、“护航女神”等，因此形成了海洋文化史中最重要的汉族民间信仰崇拜神之一。

6.英语论文 the relation between language and culture

Culture and language are deeply related in that language can be used to reflect the culture of a particular society or the language can reflect the culture and its world view. Language is used to express and sustain culture and cultural associations that exist in a given society. Different ideas result from the use of different languages within a culture. World view is a structure consisting of ideas and beliefs through which a person interprets the world around him and also the world view determines how the person interacts with it. World view can be shaped by the culture and language that is common in a particular society. This is because people in a society use their language to express their culture thus expressing the world view in that society.Ways in which language reflects culture and worldview The relationship between culture and language begins when one is born. This is because a child is exposed to the environment and this helps him/her to become part of his cultural team. The surroundings and the people the child interacts with shape the life of a child, his thoughts and language. People in a society are not the same both physically and psychologically and the interaction varies from one person to another and from one place to another. The behavioral patterns that are exhibited by these different groups will vary and they may be approved or disapproved (Soler, &Jorda, 2008). The same behavior patterns will vary from one place to another hence forming the foundations of various cultures. The differences in culture and behavior form different world views for a person and society. Culture is said to be the beliefs and values that are used to manage people's life in a particular society and people use the language in the society to express the different views in the society. This makes the person's views to depend on the culture that has shaped them. A person describes his/her view using the language that has been developed by his/her culture. The understanding of people's culture can be improved by knowing their language (Jandt, 2004). People's world view can differ even if they are brought in similar behavioral patterns and culture as they speak different languages. The language a person uses to express his/her views will limit him/her. This is because various languages create different restrictions thus different people sharing the same culture and speaking different languages will have different world views. This is an indication that language is formed by culture and the culture of a society can be revealed through language. This culture is transferred to a new generation through the use of language. Thus for a child to learn a new language he should learn the new culture. The world view of a given society will depend on the culture in that society and also the language the people in that society use. This has forced many teachers and parents to teach the young children their culture and language so as to give the children the right views on their culture. The teachers should use materials that include the culture and language of that particular society in their work so as to help the students understand their cultural background and their language use (Adler, &Rodman, 1997).Ads by Google They can do so by choosing the right training styles so as to discover the differences that result from the use of various languages in a society that is sharing a single culture. This will help the student in understanding his/her culture as he/she will not have a bad conception. Language policy can be used to make people aware of the cultural variations in the society and also to understand them. This will help the people in the society to accept their culture and also maintain multiculturalism in the society (Adler,&Rodman,1997). There are three concepts that can be used to identify or explain a world view in a given culture by analyzing the language used. A cultural code is made up of beliefs and values of a given society. The culture of a given society trains the members in the society how to behave. It also trains people on how to interpret things and forms a person's personality. All these things are done through the use of language to express culture. Conversation helps people in the society to express their culture through verbal means or non verbal means. The language that is developed by a given culture is used to communicate the world view in the society and also help in interaction. Culture and language gives an individual a sense of belonging by making him/her to be part of a given community (Jandt, 2004).Conclusion Language and culture are entwined such that people in the society cannot live without 。

7.英语专业论文的acknowledgements怎么写,不要和以前的版本一样

Acknowledgment

At the point of finishing this paper, I'd like to express my sincere thanks to all those who have lent me hands in the course of my writing this paper. First of all, I'd like to take this opportunity to show my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Ms. , who has given me so much useful advices on my writing, and has tried her best to improve my paper. Secondly, I'd like to express my gratitude to my classmates who offered me references and information on time. Last but not the least, I'd like to thank those leaders, teachers and working staff especially those in the School of Foreign Languages. Without their help, it would be much harder for me to finish my study and this paper.

8.food cultures in America and China英语论文相关资料

The Comparison and Research about Chinese and Western Food Cultures 1. Introduction Food, as essential prerequisite for existence, is any substance that provides the nutrients necessary to maintain life and growth when ingested (Pamela & Kathryn, 1998:2). It plays an irreplaceable role in the development of society and in the progress of human beings, whether in ancient times when primitive man ate the raw flesh of birds and beasts or in modern times when humans have entered the new era of information, and whether in East or in West. There are great disparities between China and Western countries in etiquette and content of food cultures, so the comparative study of Chinese & Western food cultures will help us increase cross-cultural awareness that tolerating, understanding, and furthermore, appreciating and respecting cultural difference is essential if we are to achieve cross-cultural competence during the interaction. Moreover, as we communicate with people from different cultures, we will learn more about them and their way of life, including their history, values and the substance of their personality, and eventually, we will understand them better, or feel empathy with them. Based on the above-mentioned purposes, the author of this thesis hopes this research, to some extent, be of significance both theoretically and practically. 2. Theoretical Foundations 2.1 Defining culture What is culture? How to define it? Culture is a system of shared benefits, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that the members of a society use with their world and with one another, and that are transmitted from generation through learning (Longman Dictionary, 2002:535) We define culture as the deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, actions, attitudes, meaning。

9.有题为my college life 英文的论文吗

What can you do to make your college life colorful ? describe the ideal life in college .

When I was in high school , I had dreamt of having a wonderful life in college . I said to myself that I would do lots of interesting things to make the next few years filled with happiness. I even make a detailed plan . but when I entered college I found it quite different from what I thought before ,I felt a little depressed .As I don't know what to do after class .in fact , we have far less lessons than we had in high school;. So , what should I do in the long spare time . I didn't know ,so I spent much of my time reading , you know ,some novels , but ,day after day ,I began to feel boring only to read . Will the next four years be the same ? I wondered .if so , I will be crazy ,Four years have too much spare time , four years reading novels ,four years feel depressed ,I couldn't think more about it .So after a period of several weeks , I started to make a plan for my college life , in order to make it colorful and valuable . First of all , I should get up early in the morning rather than sleep late , even on the weekends, then I can do some exercises as body building .Second , I should go to the library , of course , not just for novels , other kinds of books like maths , English are included . if I still have some spare tie , I will find a part-time job . in this way , I could gain some money and what is the most important, experience , I can know more about the real world .

英语毕业论文介绍(英语本科毕业论文范文)

1.英语本科毕业论文范文

不知道下面这个能否合你要求。

呵呵 （因字数有限制，我可发给你） 英语本科毕业论文 The Spirit of Revolt of Tess --Study in Tess of the D'Urbervilles Thesis statement: Everyone knows that Tess's life is a great tragedy, but she is still a courageous woman who dares to fight by all means. In order to defeat the unfortunate fate she always resists the decadent society, the traditional concept, and the hypocrisy religion. Outline Ⅰ.Brief Introduction to Tess of the d'Urbervilles A. Women's role in industrial movements during 19th century in England B. A brief commentary of the novel 1. the writer --Thomas hardy 2. general introduction of the novel Ⅱ.Tess's spirit of revolt all through her life A. Tess's fight to the moribund society 1. the moribund society 2. Tess's fight to the moribund society B. Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept 1. the traditional moral concept 2. Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept C. Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion 1.the hypocritical religion in that time 2. Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion D. Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage 1.Tess's unfortunate marriage 2. Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage Ⅲ.Conclusion: In a word, Tess has shown a powerful woman's image to common people with her unyielding spirit of revolt. She, to the moribund society, traditional old morals, hypocritical religion, capitalist marriage system, has carried on the strongest revealing and criticism. Her kindhearted enlightenment, noble emotion, strong personality, and her resistance in imbuing all rooted in the hearts of the people forever, worth savoring. Abstract This paper mainly focuses on the spirit of revolt of Tess. First of all, this paper begins with a brief introduction to the novel. Then, this paper makes a brief commentary of the novel. Moreover, it concentrates on :(1) Tess's fight to the moribund society. (2) Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept. (3) Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion. (4) Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage. And at last the paper reveals that Tess is actually a character with the spirit of revolt all through her life. key words:tragedy,Spirit of revolt,industrial movement,unfortunate fate 内容提要 本文研究的是小说主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”。首先，本文对小说的背景做了介绍。

然后，对文本进行简要评论。再次，本文主要从以下四个方面对文本主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”进行集中讨论：（1） 苔丝对腐朽社会的抗争；（2） 苔丝对传统的道德观念的反抗；（3） 苔丝对伪善的宗教的反抗；（4） 苔丝对不幸婚姻的反抗。

最后，揭示出苔丝整个人生经历中的反抗精神。 关键词：悲剧，反抗精神，工业运动，不幸命运。

2.全英语论文3000字

Published in 1847, WUTHERING HEIGHTS was not well received by the reading public, many of whom condemned it as sordid, vulgar, and unnatural--and author Emily Bronte went to her grave in 1848 believing that her only novel was a failure. It was not until 1850, when WUTHERING HEIGHTS received a second printing with an introduction by Emily's sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership. And from that point the reputation of the book has never looked back. Today it is widely recognized as one of the great novels of English literature. Even so, WUTHERING HEIGHTS continues to divide readers. It is not a pretty love story; rather, it is swirling tale of largely unlikeable people caught up in obsessive love that turns to dark madness. It is cruel, violent, dark and brooding, and many people find it extremely unpleasant. And yet--it possesses a grandeur of language and design, a sense of tremendous pity and great loss that sets it apart from virtually every other novel written. The novel is told in the form of an extended flashback. After a visit to his strange landlord, a newcomer to the area desires to know the history of the family--which he receives from Nelly Deans, a servant who introduces us to the Earnshaw family who once resided in the house known as Wuthering Heights. It was once a cheerful place, but Old Earnshaw adopted a "Gipsy" child who he named Heathcliff. And Catherine, daughter of the house, found in him the perfect companion: wild, rude, and as proud and cruel as she. But although Catherine loves him, even recognizes him as her soulmate, she cannot lower herself to marry so far below her social station. She instead marries another, and in so doing sets in motion an obsession that will destroy them all. WUTHERING HEIGHTS is a bit difficult to "get into;" the opening chapters are so dark in their portrait of the end result of this obsessive love that they are somewhat off-putting. But they feed into the flow of the work in a remarkable way, setting the stage for one of the most remarkable structures in all of literature, a story that circles upon itself in a series of repetitions as it plays out across two generations. Catherine and Heathcliff are equally remarkable, both vicious and cruel, and yet never able to shed their impossible love no matter how brutally one may wound the other. As the novel coils further into alcoholism, seduction, and one of the most elaborately imagined plans of revenge it gathers into a ghostly tone: Heathcliff, driven to madness by a woman who is not there but who seems reflected in every part of his world--dragging her corpse from the grave, hearing her calling to him from the moors, escalating his brutality not for the sake of brutality but so that her memory will never fade, so that she may never leave his mind until death itself. Yes, this is madness, insanity, and there is no peace this side of the grave or even beyond. Many people in the world are trying to find a perfect companion.Some of these may marry and not know what their new husband or wife is like.This kind of situation often leads to separation or hostility. Other situations may develop between two friends that stem from jealousy, desire for revenge, uncaring parents, etc. Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights displays several characteristics of destructive relationships. Three of these are uncaring parents, marriage without knowing the person, and jealousy. Uncaring or unsympathizing parents are shown throughout this story to be an element of destructive relationships. Because Heathcliff gained all the attention from Mr. Earnshaw, Hindley became disassociated from his father. This separation continued until after Mr. Earnshaw had died.Another example is between Hindley and Hareton. Hindley became such a drunk and a gambler that he could not properly care for young Hareton. This led to a separation between Hareton and his father as well. One primary example of an uncaring parent is shown between Heathcliff and his son Linton.Heathcliff did not even want his son for anything except enacting a part of his revenge. This is shown by Linton's fear of Heathcliff and Heathcliff's enmity toward his son. Linton even says "。

my father threatened me, and I dread him - I dread him!"(244) to express his feeling about Heathcliff.The hostility and separation between father and son in this book shows that uncaring parents can cause serious damage in relationships with their children. This element of destructive behavior may stem from an unhappy marriage in which the husbands or wives don't know each other. This had happened between Isabella and Heathcliff. Isabella did not really 。

3.英语毕业论文要素是什么

毕业论文的写作是学生在本科四年学习之后所产生的一个巩固知识，综合利用知识的挑战，也是对已往四年中所学知识的总结，同时，毕业论文的写作过程也检验了学生对知识的掌握程度和自身学习能力、知识水平。

在写作中，学生应该学会运用科学合理的写作方法，对正确无误的个人观点进行深度的思考和研究。而且，在教师的指导之下，列出提纲，组织资料，作出相对适合而又科学合理的论证，并逐一完成毕业论文写作全过程中的每一个步骤。

此外，学生应该运用科学的方法研究论文方向，然后再确定题目，收集相关资料，准备撰写。所写出的毕业论文应该有以下特点，即知识系统化，理论联系实际；发挥主动性和独立性；运用科学的方法和技巧完成论文的选题和写作，以科学思维为指导得出正确可信的结论；符合一般学术论文的概念和原则；添加正确的个人观点和创新性见解。

毕业论文包括题目、摘要、关键词、正文、注释和参考书目等内容。论文的题目应该能够反映出理论与实际的结合以及个人能力的显现。

论文摘要是论文的前导和论文内容的预先介绍。而关键词是论文正文中出现次数最多的词汇，也从某种程度上指示出论文的主要话题或议论的焦点。

正文是论文的躯干，需要特别的关注，只有精心安排，缜密思考，审慎地加以论述并旁征博引，准确有力地辩证才能够成功地完成。最后，注释和参考书目相对简单，但是需要严格地按照规范的格式仔细编写。

二、写作过程毕业论文的写作过程既是全面总结已往所学知识，融会贯通，发挥能力，检验知识水平的过程又是培养思维能力，开拓创新和进一步提高的过程。因此，在写作之前，需要清楚地了解论文写作的正确概念，详细内容和基本步骤等等。

论文题目论文题目是论文中心意思的简短表达。它不仅概括了全文的主要思想，而且还是论文全文写作趋向的指示和总领。

学生在确定题目时需要将理论和实际紧密地联系起来，认认真真地做好题目的选择和确立。最终确定的题目应该具有一定的特点。

首先，要做到准确合理，即论文的题目充分表达了文章主题，概括性好；其次，题目中传达了作者想要表达的个人观点，文题鲜明，富有新意；再次，题目应简单明了，题目的字数不应太多，要达到能够从题目中读懂论文的方向、方面、主题和大致意思；最后，论文题目应该能够切合实际地，具体地表达出论文中作者想要表达的论点和主要观点。题目是首先获取的关于论文的主要信息。

如果只是泛泛而邢台职业技术学院学报 2008 年 第 6 期 52 谈那么论文的题目就会枯燥乏味，过于空泛而无具体实际内容。这样，就显得苍白无力。

另外，一个较为空洞的题目还会使得以后论文的写作不着边际，内容很多但是没有任何有价值的思想观点，导致整篇论文非常松散，毫无统一性。 2.资料收集毕业论文的方向与初定题目确立之后就要开始着手收集相关资料。

收集资料要遵循一定的要求。首先，论文资料应与所选方向一致。

比如，如果选择了语言学这一方向，那么就要收集与语言学相符合的资料，而其他资料，如文学小说，诗歌故事等无关联的资料则不予收集。在收集资料的过程中要注意尽可能多的收集相关资料。

资料相当于相应的客观条件，而论文写作相当于主观发挥，只有拥有雄厚的条件，才能为主观发挥奠定坚实的基础。论文资料最重要的另一个要点就是能够加以利用。

高质量的资料会更加有助于论文的写作，能够提供安全可靠的信息。另外，可以一边收集资料一边确定题目。

收集的资料应该严格地从属于所选方向的某一论点。 一般地，所选方向可被视为一大类或某一学科领域，而在这一整个方面中需要选择更为细致的分类，也就是某一话题确定题目，展开论述。

而在收集资料的过程中尽量选择那些资料丰富，详实好写，好议论的话题，经过仔细的筛选，并且根据论文的大致框架和基本内容以及个人的意愿慢慢地水落石出。这就要视论文写作者的能力水平酌情而定。

论文提纲因为有字数限制和强调论文的学术性，所以有必要在撰写论文主体之前对论文的整体思路，文章脉络，文章中思想观点的表达以及遣词用句等加以整理，以便在撰写论文时有据可依。论文提纲是论文写作的主要参照物。

毕业论文所涉及的内容广泛，资料繁杂，各个部分之间的关系错综复杂，所以，需要在写作之前列出相应提纲。提纲可以对所收集的资料加以汇总，做到观点清晰，辅助有力的目的。

另外，论文提纲也可以使得作者有完善统一的思路。撰写论文代写提纲时首先要注意归纳总结论文资料。

论文资料应该按照已经确定的题目加以收集整理。在写提纲时，就需要选择适合的论文资料。

那些能够充分表达，论述有力的论文资料应该成为论文写作的主要参考资料。其次，在写提纲时，需要考虑到论文的论点。

论点是论文的主旨所在，需要先确定论点，即论文中想要表达的个人观点，再结合资料中的观点以辅助论文的论述。要注意在所有收集的资料中可能既有正面观点也有反面观点，此时就需要从论文主要观点出发总结资料，将两方面的观点巧妙利用，发展正面观。

4.英语专业毕业论文该怎么写

一.关于本专业毕业论文的选题 英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行，即英语文学，语言学和翻译学。

各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向，具体解释如下： 1.英语文学：选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。 在进行国别文学研究选题时，一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家（如海明威），某一经典作品（如《双城记》），某一写作手法（如象征手法的运用）或某一文学思潮（如浪漫主义运动）作深入研究。

但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名，容易引起学生的兴趣，如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》，学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。

在不可避免上述情况时，应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义，不能流于肤浅的分析。 文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生，因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段，本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。

这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论，一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。 比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。

这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的（如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”），也可以是不同国别的（如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》） 2.语言学：选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行：普通语言学和应用语言学。 普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究，如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究（如“一般现在时及其交际功能”）。

应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。

在这个方向选题，也要避免过大范围的选题，而应对一个具体问题进行研究，最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有：“个性与英语教学”，“方言对英语学习的影响”等。

3.翻译学：翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行：翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。

相比之下，对翻译活动的研究更多一些，这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究（如“汉语成语的英译”）。应该注意的是，在对翻译活动作研究时，往往需要某种翻译理论支撑，总结规律，并对这一活动作出评价，要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。

二.英语专业毕业论文格式要求 学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。 （一）前置 1.英文封面：由论文英文题目、解释、作者、指导老师姓名和职称、时间组成。

2.目录：由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成，排在英文封面之后另页。 3.中、英文内容摘要：摘要是论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，宜以最简洁的语言介绍论文的概要、作者的突出论点、新见解或创造性成果以及实验方法、数据或结论，是一篇完整的短文，可以独立使用，中文摘要一般在200字左右 4关键词：关键词是用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。

为便于文献检索，学位论文应注明三至五个具有代表意义中、外文“关键词”，这些关键词就是论文的中心词，以显著的字符另起一行，分别排在中、外文摘要的左下方。各关键词之间用“分号”隔开。

外文关键词应与中文关键词相对应。 （二）主体部分 主题部分包括引言（Introduction）、正文（Body）、结论（Conclusion）、参考文献（Bibliography）。

主体部分必须由另页右页开始。 1.引言：主要说明研究工作的目的、涉及范围、相关领域的前人研究成果和知识空白、研究设想、研究方法等方面的概述、理论意义和实用价值等。

2.正文：论文的正文是核心部分，占主要篇幅。一般论文选题需要从几个方面来论述或论证。

要求论据充分，论点明确。行文必须实事求是，客观真切，准确完备，合乎逻辑，层次分明，简练可读。

正文部分要有分级标题，章、条、款、项的序号编码方法，采用阿拉伯数分级系列编号法，论文中的章、条、款、项依次排列，依次从1开始，连续编号，中间用“.”相隔，最末级编号之后不加点。示例： 1. 2.…… 2.1 2.2…… 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3.… 2.2.3.1 3.结论：学位论文的结论是最终的、总体的结论，它是对正文部分的论述的概述，也可以在结论或讨论中提出建议、研究设想、尚待解决的问题等。

4.参考文献：写作学位论文过程中，阅读或运用过某些文献所列出的书目清单，置于正文之后，另页开始。参考文献的著录按原文献语种为原则。

（1）文献目录应另页书写，外文文献排前，中文文献排后。外文文献书名须用斜体。

（2）文献目录一律按作者姓氏汉语拼音或外文字母顺序排列。 （3）每条文献必须顶格写，回行时空两字或五个英语字母。

（4）将各文献的类型代号（即文献英文名的首字母）注明在文献之后： 专著[M] 学位论文[D] 论文集〔C〕 报纸文章〔N〕 期刊文章〔J〕 报告[R] 专利 [P] 专著、论文集的析出文献[A] 其他未说明文件 〔Z〕 电子文献中光盘图书 [M/CD](。

5.关于英语专业毕业论文提纲

英语专业毕业论文提纲2007-09-30 11:26Acknowledgements

Abstract (English)

Abstract (Chinese)

Introduction

Chapter 1 Moby-Dick and Individuation Theory

1.1 Background of Herman Melville and Moby-Dick

1.2 Brief Introduction of C.G. Jung's Individuation Theory

Chapter 2 Failed Individuation of Captain Ahab

2.1 Ahab's Wounded Pride

2.2 Ahab's Madness

2.3 Failed Individuation of Ahab

Chapter 3 Individuation of Ishmael

3.1 Alienated Ishmael in the very Beginning

3.2 Tendency of Ishmael's Ego-Self Reunification

3.3 Individuation Process of Ishmael

3.4 Differences between Ishmael and Ahab

Conclusion

Works Cited

其实很简单.就分三部分.

1. Introduction of African American Vernacular English介绍黑人英语

2. An analysis of African American

Vernacular English分析黑人英语

你可就以下几点来分析.

a. History and social context历史和社会背景

b. Phonological features语音特点

c. Grammatical features语法特点

d. Negation否定句式

e. Other grammatical characteristics其它语法特点

f. Lexical features词的特点

3.A summary总结

6.英文翻译论文概述

Abstract: This article is mainly discussing on the international business negotiation skills through three parts, including international business general summary, negotiation skills analysis and how to apply well negotiation strategy in the negotiation course. It simply describes definition of international business and analyze the specific negotiation techniques on all kinds of conditions and relative strategies. Through the article , we will have some knowledge on the international business negotiation techniques and do international business more suitably。

有意思的英语毕业论文(英语专业毕业论文选题)

1.英语专业毕业论文选题

我才写完毕业论文，简直是折磨！我把我们系的题目给你，参考看看吧。我写的是文化类的。其实文学和文化类要比翻译和教育类好写得多，网上可以找到的参考资料也多。

英美人文和历史研究：

1，从跨文化的角度谈汉英思维及表达方式的差异

2，论美国垮掉的一代

3，美国牛仔的成功之路

4，文艺复兴在英国文学史中的作用

5，跨文化交际中英汉礼貌与面子

6，中西方饮食文化的对比研究

7，西方节日的变迁及文化内涵

8，电影《喜福会》所表现的中西方文化差异（我就是这个题目）

9，中美教育制度及教育理念的对比研究

10，英汉称谓的差异及其文化内涵

11，希腊神话对英美文化的影响

12，英汉商标对英美文化的影响

13，英语习语与西方文化

14，浅谈英美姓氏的起源及文化内涵

15，中美高等教育大众化路径的比较

16，《阿甘正传》承载的美国青年文化

17，《阿甘正传》美国传统价值观的呼唤与回归

18，浅谈美国文化中的实用主义

19，论美国宗教与政治

20，《圣经》的文学性及其对中西文学的影响评述

选题注意事项：

1，选你自己感兴趣的题目，毕业论文是个浩大的工程，要是不能写自己想写的，相信我，在这漫长的写作时间里，你会相当痛苦的。

2，题目不能太大，也不能太小，否则不好驾驭。最好是那种“从小角度看大问题”的题目。例如，我写喜福会这部电影，电影体现了中美文化差异，分别有婚姻观，家庭教育观等。但是我以一部电影为出发点，这个角度就比较小。话说中西方文化的差异实在太多了，但是我只从喜福会这部电影出发，所以范围就缩小了。再者，没什么人写这个电影，所以也不容易和别人雷同，不是被写滥了的题目。

3，这个题目是好找资料的，毕竟是本科论文，不是研究生或是博士的论文，写作水平有限，平时最多写写几百字的作文忽然要写几千字，想必是非常困难的。所以内容不可能完完全全出自“自己”，于是就要大量的从网上，参考书上，图书馆搬来。所以最好就是找参考资料比较多的题目，切忌是参考，不是照搬，可以PARAPHRASE里面的内容到自己的论文。

差不多就这些了，我觉得这几点是最重要的，如果你有几个拿不定主意的题目，可以找论文指导老师问问看，当时我开笔写论文前，都找老师问了，老师比较有经验，他应该可以给你很多建议。

2.谁有英语论文选题可以推荐下啊?

Cultural Factors in Translation （浅谈翻译中文化因素的异化和归化） On Treatment of Cultural Factors in Translation （翻译中文化差异的处理方法） On English Translation of Public Signs in Chinese （汉英公示语的翻译） On Translation of English Names of Commendation （英语商品名称的翻译） The relationship between Cultural Difference and Translation Skill 中英文化差异与翻译技巧 An Approach to the Translation of Poetic Image诗歌翻译的意象问题探讨 A Study of the Chinese Version of Titles of English Films英语电影片名汉译研究 A Study of the Chinese Version of Titles of English Novels英语小说题目的汉译问题 A Comparative Study of the English Version of the Poem “ Untitled “ by Li Shangyin李商隐的诗〈无题〉的英译比较研究 Foreignization and Translation of Idioms On Culture Translation under Foreignization On Faithfulness in Translation On Fidelity and Expressiveness in Translation Interpreting and Interpreting Skills On Literal Translation and Free Translation The Comparison and Translation of Chinese and English Idioms Equivalence and its Application in Translation Cultural Equivalence in Translation Learning a Foreign Language Through Translation Arts in Verse Translation A Comparative Study of Two English Version of Hong Lou Meng On Translating the Passive Voice On the Translation of English Long Sentences The Social and Cultural Factors in Translation Practice The Application of Functional Equivalence in English and Chinese Cross-cultural Translation Exploring English-Chinese Audiovisual Translation On Chinese Translation of Journalistic English On the Criteria of Interpretation On the Unit of Translation The Cultural Differences and Arts of Translation in Advertising Language On Transformation between Parts of Speech in E-C Translation Exploring Substitution and Ellipsis in Translation On English Proverbs Translation On the Criteria of Translation The Analysis of Translation Style Cultural Differences and Translation Strategies Translation and Foreign Language Yeaching Chinglish in C-E Yranslation A Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Allusions and their Translation English Neologisms in Newspaper and their Translation On Translation of Humor in Pride and Prejudice On Features of Journalistic English and its Translation Cultural Discrepancies and their Influences on Translation English and Chinese Translation Song lyrics Translation of Address Term between English and Chinese On the Importance of Context in Translation On the Translation of English Pun into Chinese The Role of Dictionary in Translation Thought Pattern and its Influence on Translation Lexical Characteristics of Legal English and Legal Lexicon Translation Features of Foreign Trade English and its Translation Model On Euphemism Translation Translation of Metaphor from English into Chinese Features of Tourism English and its Translation 翻译中的文化因素 影视字幕翻译的原则 影响长句翻译的因素 例析英译汉中形象语言的处理 生活中广告英语的翻译特色 对翻译原则“以信为本，求真求美”的思考 翻译中的本文来自：无忧论文网 51lunwen.com 摘自 。

3.全英语论文3000字

Published in 1847, WUTHERING HEIGHTS was not well received by the reading public, many of whom condemned it as sordid, vulgar, and unnatural--and author Emily Bronte went to her grave in 1848 believing that her only novel was a failure. It was not until 1850, when WUTHERING HEIGHTS received a second printing with an introduction by Emily's sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership. And from that point the reputation of the book has never looked back. Today it is widely recognized as one of the great novels of English literature. Even so, WUTHERING HEIGHTS continues to divide readers. It is not a pretty love story; rather, it is swirling tale of largely unlikeable people caught up in obsessive love that turns to dark madness. It is cruel, violent, dark and brooding, and many people find it extremely unpleasant. And yet--it possesses a grandeur of language and design, a sense of tremendous pity and great loss that sets it apart from virtually every other novel written. The novel is told in the form of an extended flashback. After a visit to his strange landlord, a newcomer to the area desires to know the history of the family--which he receives from Nelly Deans, a servant who introduces us to the Earnshaw family who once resided in the house known as Wuthering Heights. It was once a cheerful place, but Old Earnshaw adopted a "Gipsy" child who he named Heathcliff. And Catherine, daughter of the house, found in him the perfect companion: wild, rude, and as proud and cruel as she. But although Catherine loves him, even recognizes him as her soulmate, she cannot lower herself to marry so far below her social station. She instead marries another, and in so doing sets in motion an obsession that will destroy them all. WUTHERING HEIGHTS is a bit difficult to "get into;" the opening chapters are so dark in their portrait of the end result of this obsessive love that they are somewhat off-putting. But they feed into the flow of the work in a remarkable way, setting the stage for one of the most remarkable structures in all of literature, a story that circles upon itself in a series of repetitions as it plays out across two generations. Catherine and Heathcliff are equally remarkable, both vicious and cruel, and yet never able to shed their impossible love no matter how brutally one may wound the other. As the novel coils further into alcoholism, seduction, and one of the most elaborately imagined plans of revenge it gathers into a ghostly tone: Heathcliff, driven to madness by a woman who is not there but who seems reflected in every part of his world--dragging her corpse from the grave, hearing her calling to him from the moors, escalating his brutality not for the sake of brutality but so that her memory will never fade, so that she may never leave his mind until death itself. Yes, this is madness, insanity, and there is no peace this side of the grave or even beyond. Many people in the world are trying to find a perfect companion.Some of these may marry and not know what their new husband or wife is like.This kind of situation often leads to separation or hostility. Other situations may develop between two friends that stem from jealousy, desire for revenge, uncaring parents, etc. Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights displays several characteristics of destructive relationships. Three of these are uncaring parents, marriage without knowing the person, and jealousy. Uncaring or unsympathizing parents are shown throughout this story to be an element of destructive relationships. Because Heathcliff gained all the attention from Mr. Earnshaw, Hindley became disassociated from his father. This separation continued until after Mr. Earnshaw had died.Another example is between Hindley and Hareton. Hindley became such a drunk and a gambler that he could not properly care for young Hareton. This led to a separation between Hareton and his father as well. One primary example of an uncaring parent is shown between Heathcliff and his son Linton.Heathcliff did not even want his son for anything except enacting a part of his revenge. This is shown by Linton's fear of Heathcliff and Heathcliff's enmity toward his son. Linton even says "。

my father threatened me, and I dread him - I dread him!"(244) to express his feeling about Heathcliff.The hostility and separation between father and son in this book shows that uncaring parents can cause serious damage in relationships with their children. This element of destructive behavior may stem from an unhappy marriage in which the husbands or wives don't know each other. This had happened between Isabella and Heathcliff. Isabella did not really 。

4.英语专业毕业论文题目,翻译方向

提供一些英语专业翻译方向的论文题目，供参考。

商务合同英汉互译技巧

英文品牌汉译

知识对于翻译的重要性

中英文化差异及其对英汉互译的消极影响

英语广告中修辞手法的应用及其翻译

>金陵判词两种译文的比较及评析

从红楼梦诗词翻译看翻译中的文化补偿

关于李后主“虞美人”的3种英译本的鉴赏

跨文化交际与商标翻译

中式菜肴的命名与翻译

浅谈英语电影片名的翻译

英文电影片名的翻译策略

英文化妆品广告之美学翻译

数字在中西文化中的内涵差异及数字习语翻译初探

浅析原语文本在目标语文本中文体的适应性

英语习用语翻译中的等效性研究

论语境在英汉翻译中的作用

浅析英语动画片翻译的基本原则

中英服饰广告的翻译

论英汉翻译中语篇连贯的重要性

论译者的风格与译风

经济英语中的隐喻及其翻译

从翻译的美学角度浅析旅游资料的中英译

5.英语专业翻译方向毕业论文如何选题

英语专业翻译方向毕业论文选题参考：

地方名胜古迹汉译英探析

语境在翻译中的作用

商标的翻译

广告语言的翻译

论英汉互译中的语义等值问题

中西文化差异与不可译性

英汉谚语的理解和翻译

浅谈颜色词在英语中的翻译

英语比喻性词语中文化内涵及翻译

英语意义否定表现法及其汉译

浅谈新闻标题的翻译

伟大的翻译家严复

英语长句汉译

简评《简•爱》的几种汉译本

英语专业本科论文所涉及的专业方向

（一）英语语言习得理论研究

该方向着重研究英语语言学及语言习得的相关理论与实践，可着重讨论某一种语言现象产生的原因及具体表现或某一语言理论在实际生活、教学中的运用。学生可以进行：

1.英语修辞研究；

2.文体研究；

3.英汉比较研究；

4.各类语体研究；

5.语法研究；

6.词汇研究等。

（二）教学理论与教学法

该方向主要研究英语教学的理论与实践以及相关的教学指导原则和具体的方法，选题应着重探讨英语教学的方法，可具体到某一课程的教学理念、策略和方法的应用及效度，现代教育技术在英语教学中的应用与探索。学生可以进行：

1.英语学习策略研究；

2.英语学习焦虑研究；

3.英语测试研究；

4.英语教学法研究；

5.英语教学策略研究；

6.计算机辅助英语教学研究等。

（三）商务英语文本研究

该方向着重研究商务英语文本文体，语言特点及相关的翻译实践问题。学生可以进行：

1.商务英语语言特征研究；

2.商务英语文体研究；

3.商务英语翻译理论研究；

4.商务英语翻译时间探讨；

5.商务英语翻译标准探讨等。

（四）翻译理论与实践

该方向着重研究英汉互译过程中的口、笔译理论、翻译标准、原则、方法及技巧。论文选题可选择评论赏析某一翻译家或某一本（篇）著名的译作，或论述某一种翻译理论的技巧在实践中的运用，也可讨论某一翻译现象中所反映的文化内涵。学生可以进行：

1.翻译理论研究；

2.翻译家研究；

3.翻译史研究；

4.文学翻译研究；

5.非文学翻译研究；

6.翻译过程研究；

7.翻译批评研究；

8.翻译的接受与影响研究；

9.翻译教学研究；

10.翻译标准研究；

11.典籍翻译研究等。

（五）英美人文与历史研究

该方向主要研究英美国家的社会、文化、人文、历史各个方面的具体内容，既可宏观也可微观地研究或比较英美国家的某一历史阶段的社会问题或文化现象或评论某一历史事件或历史人物，或跨文化交际方面的相关内容。学生可以进行：

1.英美社会制度、社会问题研究；

2.英美历史问题、历史人物研究；

3.英美文化现象研究；

4.西方宗教研究；

5.西方影视作品研究；

6.跨文化交际研究等。

（六）英美文学研究

该方向主要研究英美文学史及各时期的文学流派，作家，作品的文体与写作风格。论文可选择做某一文学理论或作家作品的分析、评论，比较中西文学作品或作家，分析作品中的主题或人物角色。学生可以进行：

1.文学流派研究；

2.作家研究；

3.作品评论或分析；

4.文学批评理论研究；

5.中西文学作品的比较研究等。

6.关于英语专业的论文什么题目比较好

提供一些英语专业的毕业论文题目，供参考。

语言学研究 英语在香港的传播 英语在中国文化中的重生 英语帝国：是现实还是神话 二战后英语发展的非正式化趋势 英语的全球化和区域化 英语中的性别歧视 英语中的女性歧视现象 英语中的性别歧视和西方妇女的社会地位 女性语言特点及其社会根源 论广告英语的语言特点 浅析商务信函的文体特征 源自英语的汉语表达为汉语和文化注入新鲜血液：一个社会语言学调查 语音与语义---音义关系中的非任意性 笑话致笑的原因 论幽默的因素 英语幽默中的语用学 幽默的跨文化障碍分析 拉丁文对英语词汇的深远影响 英语发展史中法语对英语的影响初探 网络英语词汇和构词方式 网络语言对日常语言的渗透 英美民族文化心理及其在词汇中的映射 翻译研究 浅谈中文标牌语的英译 商标的文化内涵及其翻译 耶希•斯图尔特的短篇小说《劈樱桃树》的翻译与评析 意志的力量--短篇小说《无视失败》的翻译与评析 英语谚语在口语中的运用及其翻译 怎样翻译英语习语 隐藏的主角们——《我们的生存之道》的翻译与评析 短篇小说《我的俄狄浦斯情结》的翻译与评析 跨文化在中菜西译的体现 文化差异对旅游翻译的影响 论译者主观情感在作品中的体现 科技英语中词汇翻译的技巧与策略 英汉基本颜色词汇的文化差异及其翻译 浅谈机器翻译 文化感知与文化翻译 翻译中双关语的处理 在新的语言中新生---翻译中的转类 跨文化研究 从“赵燕在美被打”事件看跨文化交际的失败 中英科普文章对比研究 教育使美国移民融入主流社会：比较犹太家庭与亚裔家庭对子女的教育理念 从《成长的烦恼》看中美家庭教育模式之差异 奥普拉和陈鲁豫的成功范例给中西方家庭教育的启示 现代中西方家庭淡化的透视 中英姓名文化内涵比较 中西文化礼仪的异同及其反映的文化内涵 冲突与融合 —— 好莱坞与亚洲电影的互动 跨文化在中菜西译的体现 中西方商务礼仪的比较 中美跨文化商业行为比较 国际商务礼仪中的文化冲突 商务礼仪差异对中国涉外商务洽谈的影响 国际商务谈判中的决策因素浅析 礼貌原则的不同视觉 中西方广告的差异 中西方时间观差异对比 中美婚姻观新视角 中美性状比较 从文化象征意义、宗教信仰及例行仪式看中西婚礼 论中西方恐怖电影的差异 论英国骑士精神与中国武侠主义 中希腊神话中女性形象的比较研究 英汉基本颜色词汇的文化差异及其翻译 中英色彩文化与语义对比的研究 美国生活方式对中国年轻一代的影响及其原因 论跨文化价值观对消费者行为的影响 从养生观看民族特性 从电影角度看决策中的文化差异 幽默的跨文化障碍分析 美国文化霸权下的民族文化保护策略---法国叫板美国"文化帝国主义" 从看西方文化对中国文化的影响 从王家卫电影看中西方文化交融 美国华裔作家谭恩美作品中的中美文化冲突与融合 文化意识与跨国交流 中国古代太学与欧洲中世纪大学之比较——兼论现代大学的起源 从中美英语教学的差异谈如何改进中学英语教学 英语教学研究 浅谈语境引入在中国高校口语教学中的应用 小学英语教学中的语法意识 合作学习在小学英语教学中的运用 从多元智力原理分析中学生课堂英语学习策略的个体差异性 交互式语言教学在乡村英语口语教学中的应用 关于多媒体课件对大学英语教学影响的思考 构建课堂英语教学新模式——从现代多媒体教学技术入手 英语习语的理解和教学 论外语习者与二语习者英语词汇扩大的途径 教师在英语网络教学中的角色 网络教育资源和高校英语写作教学 浅谈教师在教学中的中介作用 外教在当代中国英语教育中的作用 背景知识和听力教学 通过问卷调查对农村中学生听力问题的分析和展望 英语词汇教学的问题和应用 论记忆的联想策略 少儿英语教育的问题及策略 儿童学习第二语言的优势 第二语言从儿童学起的意义 寓英语教学于游戏 论中国大学生英语阅读技能的提高 词汇在阅读理解中的作用 非英语专业大学新生的英语学习策略——一项基于实证的研究 新加坡与中国在推广双语教学中具体措施的比较与分析 英语演讲中的艺术与技巧 大学英语写作的措辞缺陷及解决方案 大学生英文作文中的中式英语现象 从中美英语教学的差异谈如何改进中学英语教学 “注意”的规律在中小学英语教学中的重要性及意义 英国儿童文学的特色与贡献 文学研究 从《飘》到《冷山》：看美国南北战争文学作品的变迁 俄狄浦斯情节初探 论《呼啸山庄》艾米莉•勃朗特的哥特情结 评呼啸山庄中Katherine自我意识与传统道德间的冲突 浅析艾略特诗歌的转变 解析《嘉莉妹妹》中的自然主义 逃离“社会”----《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》主题分析 荒诞与理性 --- 论《第二十二条军规》 宿命与现实——从《苔丝》看哈代的宿命论 从拉尔夫•埃里森的《看不见的人》看美国黑人现状 从《隐身人》中看爵士乐在黑人生活中的重要作用 脆弱的心灵，虚伪的面孔--简析《红字》中蒂姆斯韦尔的悲剧命运 《紫色》中的女性主义：至死等待解放或为解放而死 论狄金森诗歌独特优美的意境 《Mrs Dalloway》看Virginia Woolf的意识流写作 存在的代价---解读 海明威作品中的女色意识 海明威作品悲剧因素分析 从《白象似的群山》谈海明威的写作风格 论。

7.英语专业毕业论文中 关于翻译著作的英文参考文献

没想到，还有人和我一样和找相关的参考文献：About Translation P. Newmark 《论翻译》A Practical Guide for Translators G. Samuelsson-Brown 《译者实用指南》Can Theory Help Translators? A Dialogue Between the Ivory Tower and the Wordface A. Chesterman & E. Wagner 《理论对译者有用吗？象牙塔与语言工作面之间的对话》Corpora in Translator Education F. Zanettin et al.《语料库与译者培养》Corpus-based Approaches to Contrastive Linguistics and Translation Studies S. Granger 《基于语料库的语言对比和翻译研究》Crosscultural Transgressions: Research Models in Translation studies Ⅱ， Historical and Ideological Issues T. Hermans 《跨文化侵越——翻译学研究模式（Ⅱ）：历史与意识形态问题》Electronic Tools for Translators F. Austermuhl 《译者的电子工具》Intercultural Fautlines: Research Models in Translation Studies Ⅰ， Textual and Cognitive Aspects M. Olohan 《超越文化断裂——翻译学研究模式（Ⅰ）：文本与认知的译学研究》Method in Translation History A.Pym 《翻译史研究方法》Text Analysis in Translation: Theory, Methodology, and Didactic Application of a Model for Translation- Orented Text Analysis(Second Edition) C. Nord 《翻译的文本分析模式：理论、方法及教学应用》（第二版） The Translator's Turn D. Robinson 《译者登场》Translated! Papers on Literary Translation and Translation Studies J.S. Holmes 《译稿杀青！文学翻译与翻译研究文集》Translating Literature: Practice and Theory in a Comparative Literature Context 《文学翻译：比较文学背景下的理论与实践》Translation and Empire : Postcolonial Theories Explained D. robinson 《翻译与帝国：后殖民理论解读》Translation and Language : Linguistic Theories Explained P.Fawcett 《翻译与语言：语言学理论解读》Translation and Literary Criticism: Translation as Analysis M.G. Rose 《翻译与文学批评：翻译作为分析手段》Translation and Nation : Towards a Cultural Politics of Englishness R. Ellis & L. Ley-Brown 《翻译与民族：英格兰的文化政治》Translation and Norms C. Schaffner 《翻译与规范》Translation and Norms C. Schaffner 《翻译，权力，颠覆》Translation Today: Trends and Perspectives G. Anderman & M.Rogers 《今日翻译：趋向与视角》Unity in Diversity? Current Trends in Translation Studies L. Bowker et al.《多元下的统一？当代翻译研究潮流》Western Translation Theory: from Herodotus to Nietzsche D. Robinson 《西方翻译理论：从希罗多德到尼采》以上全是外研社的，建议你挑几个.千万别全写上，一定穿帮。

中医英语毕业论文(求一篇关于中医的英文文章)

1.求一篇 关于中医的英文文章

Traditional Chinese Medicine ("TCM") is an integral part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. Today both of TCM and western medicine are being used in providing medical and health services in China. TCM, with its unique diagnostic methods, systematic approach, abundant historical literature and materials, has attracted many attentions from the international community. TCM is well recognized for its remarkable effectiveness in off setting the side effect caused by the toxic and chemical treatment of cancer cases in the western medical system.In China, TCM is under the administration of State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology. TCM and its development are regulated. National strategies, law and regulations governing TCM are now in place to guide and promote the research and development in this promising industry.TCM is defined as a medical science governing the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. It includes Chinese medication, pharmacology/herbalogy, acupuncture, massage and Qigong.Hospitals in China are classified as specialized in western medical system, TCM or both. TCM is now available to 75% of the areas in China. TCM has been very effective in the treatment of diseases such as cardio-cerebro-vascular, immunogenic, tumors, bone fracture, etc. Scientific research and clinic experiments in TCM are continuously progressing. Successes have been made in many of the areas such as in circulating paths of meridians; in Zheng-syndrome, in diagnostic indexes; in therapeutic principles, in healing emergency patients with shock, acute DIC, acute myocardial infarction and acute renal failure. For treatment of bone fracture, method is adopted based on the theory of combination of mobilization and immobilization. Non-antibacterial compound prescriptions are used successfully in treatment of bacterial infection. In treatment of cancers, Fuzheng Guben compound prescriptions, though devoid of inhibitory effects on cancer cells, could cause the shrink of the mass of cancer. TCM provides a non-surgical approach to the treatment of acute abdomen.。

2.中医学论文一篇,高分求英语翻译<不要在线和软件翻译>

Acute cerebral hemorrhage is one of the diseases affecting the blood vessels of human cerebrum. After its attack, major clinical symptoms include recurrent headaches, vomiting, higher blood pressure, and cognitive handicaps accompanied by partial paralysis. In treating such a case, I adopted acupuncture as the main therapy and herbal medicine as the secondary therapy to cure one of my patients. From the attack of acute cerebral hemorrhage till the time that the patient recovered fully and intracranial hematoma was completely resolved, the above-mentioned remedy was strictly followed, finally achieving a satisfactory result。

3.医学英语论文摘要——求范文一篇(英文原文+中文翻译)

Objective To evaluate acute and long2term angiographic and clinical outcomes of long

stent or multiple overlapped stents (length ≥ 20 mm) implantation for diffuse atherosclerosis lesions in

octogenarians. Methods Long stent or multiple overlapped stents implantation was performed on 111

diffuse native coronary lesions ( Group O : 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians ; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patients

aged under 60) . Baseline demographic , lesion characteristic , angiographic and procedural details were

similar in these 2 groups. Six2month clinical and angiographic follow2up was completed in all cases. In2

hospital and long2term outcomes were evaluated. Results Procedure success was 100 %for both groups.

None had in2hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) . There was no significant difference in

angiographic binary restenosis （ ≥50 % diameter stenosis） rate between the groups at follow2up ( Group O

vs. Group Y, 1218 % vs1 1019 % at 32month , 2918 % vs. 2616 % at 62month , P &gt; 0105) . The rates of

target lesion revascularization and MACE at follow2up were less in Group Y, but it showed no statistical

significance (718 % vs. 1016 % and 816 % vs. 1114 % at 32month , 1516 % vs. 2314 % and 2017 % vs.

2510 % at 62month , respectively , P &gt; 0105) . Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse lesions

in octogenarians appears safe and feasible , with high procedural success and favorable long2term outcomes.

4.关于中医的英语作文

traditional chinese medicine,with a history of thoudsands of years,unique and intergrated theorectical system,rich practical experience and good clinical effect,has been making great contribution to chinese people'health care and the development of chinese nation.It is a summary of the chinese people's experience in their struggle against disease. over the past few decades it has been attracting increasing attention from all over the world.。

5.论文摘要翻译,中文译成英文题目：中医药在社区卫生服务中心利用现

Chinese medicine is steeped in history, which has been developing for thousands of years in China。

Now, it is considered as a cross-subjects science between nature science and social science。 Its properties are rich content, simple methods, convenient usage, lower cost and positive effects。

The community service of health has been an important section of the construction of community, and has played a critical role in people health care。 However, the challenge of the health care is the lack of the resource of high-quality health service, confronting the proliferation of the requirement of people。

A solution of the challenge is to introduce the Chinese medicine and its related medical resource into communities。 The solution can utilize the characteristic of Chinese medicine and improve the current health service in both urban and rural communities。

In order to make a feasible plan for dealing with the issue, we take an investigation with the help of three service center of health in JiangBing district, in HangZhou city。 In the investigation, a poll was conducted in which 100 residents were involved in。

（结论是什么？什么样的对策？应该在中文中加几句。） 。

6.写一篇介绍中医的英语作文

IwasbornonMarch18..Myparentsarepeasants...Mychildhoodwashappy. Ilikelearning.Ilikemusicandsports,too..IamgoodatEnglish,PhysicsandMath. Iwanttobeascientist.,TVsets,andsoon..,interestingandeasy.。

毕业论文有没有英语(本科毕业论文需要英文摘要吗)

1.本科毕业论文需要英文摘要吗

本科毕业论文需要英文摘要，一般中文与英文并存。

论文摘要是对论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，要求扼要地说明研究工作的目的、研究方法和最终结论等，重点是结论，是一篇具有独立性和完整性的短文，根据内容的不同，摘要可分为以下三大类：报道性摘要、指示性摘要和报道指示性摘要。 中文摘要一般不宜超过300字，外文摘要不宜超过250个实词。

除了实在迫不得已，摘要中不用图、表、化学结构式、非公知公用的符号和术语。摘要可用另页置于题名页（页上无正文）之前，学术论文的摘要一般置于题名和作者之后，论文正文之前，与关键字置于上下。

扩展资料： 毕业论文撰写意义： 1、撰写毕业论文是检验学生在校学习成果的重要措施，也是提高教学质量的重要环节。大学生在毕业前都必须完成毕业论文的撰写任务。

申请学位必须提交相应的学位论文，经答辩通过后，方可取得学位。可以这么说，毕业论文是结束大学学习生活走向社会的一个中介和桥梁。

毕业论文是大学生才华的第一次显露，是向祖国和人民所交的一份有分量的答卷，是投身社会主义现代化建设事业的报到书。 一篇毕业论文虽然不能全面地反映出一个人的才华，也不一定能对社会直接带来巨大的效益，对专业产生开拓性的影响。

但是，实践证明，撰写毕业论文是提高教学质量的重要环节，是保证出好人才的重要措施。 2、通过撰写毕业论文，提高写作水平是干部队伍“四化”建设的需要。

党中央要求，为了适应现代化建设的需要，领导班子成员应当逐步实现“革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化”。这个“四化”的要求，也包含了对干部写作能力和写作水平的要求。

3、提高大学生的写作水平是社会主义物质文明和精神文明建设的需要。在新的历史时期，无论是提高全族的科学文化水平，掌握现代科技知识和科学管理方法，还是培养社会主义新人，都要求我们的干部具有较高的写作能力。

在经济建设中，作为领导人员和机关的办事人员，要写指示、通知、总结、调查报告等应用文；要写说明书、广告、解说词等说明文；还要写科学论文、经济评论等议论文。 在当今信息社会中，信息对于加快经济发展速度，取得良好的经济效益发挥着愈来愈大的作用。

写作是以语言文字为信号，是传达信息的方式。信息的来源、信息的收集、信息的储存、整理、传播等等都离不开写作。

参考资料来源：百度百科——论文摘要 参考资料来源：百度百科——毕业论文。

2.本科毕业论文是不是一定要用中文写,不能用英文写

我感觉根本就没有这方面的规定，我刚才查了好多地区教育部门下发的关于毕业论文的红头文件，里没根本没有规定毕业论文必须是中文，但毕业论文中都提到字数，我想所谓“字数”就是论文中中文的字数，我英文不是很好，不太会数英文的字数，只能数出字母数来。。所以即使你在这件事上要叫针的话，然估计教育部门给你的答复肯定是用中文写。

中国人嘛，还是用中国文字写比较好吧。。只是可怜你还得把英文翻译过来了。。我想等你翻译过来后，你的英文水平也会有不小的提高的。。这可是两全齐美的事啊！！！

3.毕业论文 用英语怎么说

毕业论文的英文翻译是thesis，音标是英 [ˈθi:sɪs] 美 [ˈθisɪs] 。

thesis

n.论文，毕业论文；论点，论题；命题

扩展例句

1、There is no empirical evidence to support his thesis.

他的论文缺乏实验证据的支持。

2、How well does this thesis stand up to close examination?

这个命题经得起推敲吗？

3、He has finished his thesis.

他的论文完成了。

4、She's finished writing her thesis.

她那篇论文写出来了。

5、Please write an abstract of this article 〔 thesis 〕.

请写一份这本书〔这篇论文〕的摘要。

The article has a clear-cut thesis and arguments, but lacks reasoning.

文章论点、论据鲜明，但缺乏论证。

发表毕业论文英语(英语毕业论文范文“howtoimprovetheabilityofenglishreading”)

1.英语毕业论文范文“how to improve the ability of english reading ”

Some people think that reading is a verysimple matter. You move your eyes along the line, and the author's message appears somehow in your mind. When a person is highly skilled as a reader, it does seem that something like that takes place. However, the actual reading process is quite complicated. Try to think back when you were first learning to read, or observe a young child learning to read. It is a very difficult, complex, sometimes, painful process. Reduced to its simplest elements, we might say that comprehension is a part of the communication process of getting the thoughts that were in the author's mind into the reader's, but how does one reader can get the idea clearly? It depends on the reading ability of the reader's. How can the readers make improvements in reading? There are many skills to improve one's ability of reading comprehension. One of the most important skills in reading is the knowledge of word .The number of the words you know determines the difficulty and complexity of the material you can read and understand. If you have an extremely limited reading vocabulary, you will be able to read only very simple material. Obviously, vocabulary forms a stumbling block for the poor reader. The more words you memorize, the faster you read the article. So, it is necessary to memorize words as much as you can. By the way, it should be realized that approximately half of all written English material is composed of the 300 commonest words. Certain words then have a very high occurrence and are used over and over again. Since the English vocabulary is so vast, you cannot hope to master vocabulary only by learning your lessons in the classroom. Reading of course involves much more than simply knowing the dictionary meaning of individual words. When coping with unknown vocabulary. You have to develop strategies, which will allow you either to discover the meaning of the words or at least to proceed further with the text in spite of not knowing the meanings of some new words. One of the efficient ways is guessing the unknown vocabulary. Guessing the meaning of words is a shortcut in reading. While reading in our own language, we usually have an unconscious habit of making logical inference as to the meaning of words based on the context. You can use the context to get the meaning and to help you develop the comprehension skills. To be a good reader, deducing the meaning of unfamiliar lexical items through contextual lines is necessary. In order to improve reading ability. It's essential to memorize words and master the ways of guessing the meaning of words, besides, when reading, you should catch the phrases as a unit of meaning and view the sentences as a unit of meaning. Sentences are the basic building blocks for writing something that will be read. A sentence, as a larger unit of meaning, is always about something--its subject--and always has a statement about the subject. The form of a sentence may be vary, but the subject and the statement about it are always there. The idea conveyed by a sentence will always come to you as a whole. So being familiar with various sentence patterns and being able to have a good sense of what is conveyed by a sentence, even a very long one with some clauses inside, will be helpful for a more mature and efficient reading. So do the paragraph and passage. But the paragraph and passage are more complex than the sentence. A paragraph has sentences that are connected with each other in some logical ways and a passage is the connection of the paragraphs.。

2.英语毕业论文的范文和格式

Generally speaking, a speech may have the following stylistic characteristics: To begin with, it must be very persuasive. Thus the sentence patterns are very well-organized, with repetitions, parallelism and contrasts frequently used. Secondly, it should be emotional so as to be convincing, because the speaker should face the audience directly and his words should not only be orderly and informative but also be expressive and inspiring. Therefore, the stylistic devices such as similes and metaphors are often involved. Finally, in many cases, written-conversational style is usually used with not very formal diction and not very complicated sentence structure. Bibliography: [1]. Martin Luther King, Jr., I Have a Dream, August 28, 1963 [2]. Wang Shouyuan, Essentials of English Stylistics, Shandong University Press, July, 2000 [3]. Pan Shaozhang, English Rhetoric and Writing, Shanghai Transportation University Press, December, 1998 [4]. Widdowson, H. G. Stylistics and the Teaching of Literature, Longman, 1975 [5]. Leech, G. N. “ 'This bread I break' Language and interpretation”. In D.C. Freeman. (ed.). Linguistics and Literature Style. New York:Holt, Rinhart & Winston. Acknowledgements: It was really a laborious task to accomplish a B.A thesis. Many people gave me support and help in the process of writing the paper. I'd like first to give my grate to my dear teacher, vice professor Mr. Liu Fagong, who generously gave me his kindly help and instructions during the whole process of my paper-writing. Then I'd like to give my many thanks to my classmates who helped me a lot with my information collecting and paper-polishing. Most important of all, I want to give my thanks to my mother university and all the teachers in the English College, who educated and cultivated me to be a qualified teacher in the future. A Brief Introduction to the Author: Su Zhanghai, a student in Class One 1988 Grade, majoring in English Education, and a well-to-be teacher in Shandong Agricultural University, who whole-heartedly gives his best wishes to all the teachers in Qufu Normal University.Article resource :。

3.英语专业怎么发表学术论文,有没有小tips

1.先请身边的同学或者教授阅读你的研究论文。他们应该检查你论文的语法，拼写错误，排字，数据。他们会告诉你什么是清楚的易于理解的你的受众群体。让两三个人审阅你的论文，但是至少有一位的研究领域一个和你的要有区别，他们的“局外人观点”可能特别有价值，因为并不是所有的论文评审员都是你指定领域的专家。

2.选择最适合你论文的出版社。每一种出版物都有自己的读者和写作基调。“适合”在这里是至关重要的，在你的研究领域中最著名的杂志可能不是最适合你的，同时，不要认为你的论文永远都不适合于那个最好的出版社。

3.当你觉得准备好了就可以去投稿了。访问期刊网站上的指导原则和提交要求。一旦你确信你的论文符合所有的指导原则，通过适当的渠道提交论文。一次只将文章提交一个地方，别想着撒网捞鱼。在网上提交时，可以使用您的大学电子邮件帐户。这将你与学术机构联系起来，这增加了你论文的可信度。

4.在一段时间后你就会得到答复。一般很少有论文能立即得到接受的答复，冷静地处理你得到的答复。比如：接受修改，修改和重新提交那就说明在考虑出版之前，需要不同程度修改，但仍然对您的论文非常感兴趣。拒绝和重新提交说明论文目前不考虑，除非进行大工程的修改。拒绝说明不适合出版。

5.接受评论和批评并加以修改。仔细研究他们的评论，并做出必要的改变。不要过分地依附于你的原始意见书，保持灵活性，并根据你收到的反馈重新加工文件。然而有时候你对你的论文观点十分的坚持，平静地跟评论员的谈论，你觉得你的论文是正确的。与编辑展开对话，恭敬而自信地解释你的想法。

4.英文论文的详细格式

英文论文的详细格式：一、标题 一篇较长的英语论文（如英语毕业论文）一般都需要标题页，其书写格式如下：第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一，与下行（通常为by，居中）的距离则为5cm，第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期（均居中）。

如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写，则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名（如：Dr./Prof.C.Prager）及本门课程的编号或名称（如：English 734或British Novel）。打印时，如无特殊要求，每一行均需double space，即隔行打印，行距约为0.6cm（论文其他部分行距同此）。

二、提纲 英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身，其规范格式如下：先在第一行（与打印纸顶端的距离仍为2.5cm左右）的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号，空一格后再打论题句，回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出，次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。

各数字或字母后均为一句点，空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母；处于同一等级的纲目，其上下行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是，同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上，即：有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ，有A应有B，以此类推。

如果英文论文提纲较长，需两页纸，则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码，即ii（第一页无需标页码）。三、摘要1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。

（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。

3、英文字体与行间距： 统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”,1.5倍行间距。4、英文题目： 使用三号字加粗。

5、英文摘要： “Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。

6、英文关键词： “Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。四、正文 有标题页和提纲页的英语论文，其正文第一页的规范格式为：论文标题居中，其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm，距正文第一行约1.5cm。

段首字母须缩进五格，即从第六格打起。正文第一页不必标页码（但应计算其页数），自第二页起，必须在每页的右上角（即空出第一行，在其后部）打上论文作者的姓，空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码；阿拉伯数字（或其最后一位）应为该行的最后一个空格。

在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式，即：句末号（句号、问号及感叹号）后应空两格，其他标点符号后则空一格。五、文中引述 正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节；既要注意引述与论文的有机统一，即其逻辑性，又要注意引述格式 （即英语论文参考文献）的规范性。

引述别人的观点，可以直接引用，也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式，论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。

美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。六、文献目录 论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况，即文献目录页。

美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited， 其格式须注意下列几点：目录页应与正文分开，另页打印，置于正文之后。目录页应视为英语论文的一页，按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码；如果条目较多，不止一页，则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码（但必须计算页数），其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。

标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为2.5cm，与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为0.6cm；各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为0.6cm，不必留出更多空白。各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等；各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列，但不要给各条目编码，也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。

各条目第一行需顶格打印，回行时均需缩进五格，以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。英语论文摘要又称文摘，是论文的重要组成部分，它是以提供文献内容梗概为目的，不加评论和补充解释，简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。

摘要应具有独立性和自明性，并拥有与文献同等量的主要信息，即不需阅读全文，就可获得重要的信息。摘要通常置于文题之后，文章之首。

在论文发表后，论文摘要常被文献检索系统所收集。英语论文摘要一般为200-300单词，并有与英文摘要表达观点一致的中文摘要与之对应。

扩展资料：发表论文作用：论文是指进行各个学术领域的研究和描述学术研究成果的文章。它既是探讨问题进行学术研究的一种手段，又是描述学术研究成果进行学术交流的一种工具。

不同的人发表论文的作用也不同：1、评职称（晋升职称）：研究生 毕业需要；教师 、医护人员 、科研院所的人员、企业员工 等 晋升高一级的职称时，发表期刊论文是作为一项必须的参考指标。2、申报基金、课题 ：教育、科技、卫生系统 每年申报的国家自然科学基金项目、其它各种基金项目、各种研究课题时，发表论文 是作为 基金或课题 完成的一种研究成果的结论性展示。

3、世界性基础领域的研究，比如在医学、数学、物理、化学、生命科学 等领域开展的。

5.英语专业论文Introduction和Abstract要怎么写

Abstract字数少，内容笼统，包复括：

1. background position

2.aim and thesis of the article

3.method of research

4.results of research

Introduction要写的更细一些，在background在里要写之前别人的研究，你对实验制结果的假设，在Aim里写你的research的具体详细的目标，zhidao还有针对这个目标，那几个问题是最有价值的，并把它们写下来。

英语毕业论文修改多次(修改英文论文重复率的方法是怎样的)

1.修改英文论文重复率的方法是怎样的

改叙述方法，从句变换这些文字游戏就不赘述了，网上一查一大堆。这里先讲讲“英汉互译”法，这种方式一般行不通，这几年检测学术不端的方法越来越严格，直接的英文论文翻译成毕业论文毫无疑问是会被查出来的。

另一种“英汉互译”法衍生出来的方法叫“谷歌法”，能想出这种方法的孩子也着实不容易，具体操作方法是首先找一篇论文，其次把这篇论文用谷歌翻译或者其他什么翻译软件通篇翻译成英文，最后，把英文文章再翻译回来。这样做出来的文章粗看上去和原文没什么不同，但是细细推敲就会发现这篇跟原文每句表达方式都会有细微的差别，网上说自己再检查检查小语病修改一下就万事大吉了~但是这样真的万无一失了吗？别忘了最后一关——答辩，可能这样逐句翻译出的文章可以逃过检测系统的检测，但是导师那关却不一定过得去。

论文重复率检测参考文献引用是留学生毕业论文必不可少的，不过引用参考文献不代表全部照搬原文，更稳妥的做法是在通读文献的基础上用自己的话把文献“翻译”出来，之后再加标注，这样才不会被检测系统标红。不过在选择参考文献的时候也是个技术活，曾经听说有人把引用的文献用自己的话翻译了两三遍还是被标红…那就是这篇文章被引用的次数太多了，各种表达方式都有人之前就试过了，还是换一篇比较靠谱。需要值得一提的是：只有引用的原文前后都加了引号的时候才不会被检测，知网的检测系统为提高效率默认是剔除引号内句子、图形才开始检测。但是关于引用的字数同样有阈值，通常知网的阈值定在3%，既如果你在一篇文献中引用了大量文字，超过了你正文总字数的3%，即使标注了引用也会被列为抄袭全部标红。

还有一个方法：把数据转换成图片插入，这个方法目前还是比较不错的，而且多应用在理工科毕业论文上。对于理工科孩纸的无奈大概就在有时候自己辛辛苦苦做出的实验数据一检测居然被标红，只能说以前实在太多人做过相同的实验了，检测系统虽说只检测不定论，最后的论文评判结果是由专家给的，但是一旦重复率超线就会被退回是毫无疑问的。目前学术不端检测在文字检测上已经达到了相当高的水平，但数据、图表、公式等内容的检测手段尚在研发过程中。对于这种系统“被冤枉”的情况，把实验数据截图插入就比较明智了。需要注意的是，知网检测系统对于Word,Excel自带的表格都有识别功能，你要做的是“截图”再插入，才能降低重复率。

2.求英语专业高手修改论文摘要,非诚勿扰/我改很多遍了,老师还是说语

虽然专业词汇不懂，但是看第一句话语法就有问题Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP)is a typical NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization field,the solution time with problem size increases exponentially。

field,the 中间要加个连接词的吧eg:and。Traditional optimization algorithms have用has比较好吧，needs, that based ,that 连接词奇怪了的，用so or therefore吧，而且这句话主语错了吧，急人，问题很多啊。

based on intelligent algorithms for TSP 改TSP which is based on intelligent algorithms.that combination of 改which combined.And can convergence to the overall optimal solutions by Metropolis criteria.改 and Metropolis 。..is the best. using 改Using，后面的S小写。

请把开头大小写区分开，很多都是错的，下面这个问题不修改了。According to the characteristics of TSP problem and simulated annealing algorithm, Design of the city's position and its algorithm rules。

换换比较好，The design of 。

is according to 。

Path difference designed改 Path difference are designed .Experimental result改The test result比较好。感觉问题很多的，你要好好修改啊，机器翻得吧，词汇没看哦。

仅供你参考下。

3.英语硕士论文怎么如何降低重复率

英语硕士论文降低重复率的的方法有：在国内就是知网/维普/万方这三大系统，这里面的资源是不断更新的，每一年毕业生的论文除有保密要求外的基本上都是收这三大系统收录作为比对资源库，所以你就可不能大意啊国内就是三大系统，知网/维普/万方知网不对个人开放，维普及万方对个人开放万方不检测互联网及英文，知网及维普都检测互联网及英文。

现在，所有学校对于硕士、博士毕业论文，必须通过论文检测查重才能算合格过关。本科毕业生，大部分211工程重点大学，采取抽检的方式对本科毕业论文进行检测查重。

抄袭或引用率过高，一经检测查重查出超过百分之三十，后果相当严重。相似百分之五十以下，延期毕业，超过百分之五十者，取消学位。

辛辛苦苦读个大学，花了好几万，加上几年时间，又面临找工作，学位拿不到多伤心。但是，所有检测系统都是机器，都有内在的检测原理，我们只要了解了其中内在的检测原理、系统算法、规律，通过检测报告反复修改，还是能成功通过检测，轻松毕业的。

特别需要注意的问题：面总结几个常见问题：一、有些书籍的年份久远，知网等检测系统没有收录这些材料，大段大段的copy是不是很安全？也有同学认为，数据库大多是往届学生论文和期刊的文章，书本和政府工作报告等暂未入库，直接抄书一般也不会“中招”。答：这些做是存在风险的。

第一，虽然中国知网没有收录书籍，但是可能存在a同学或者老师，他同样也抄了同样的内容，并且已经将其抄书的论文发表了，中国知网能数据库全文收录a的文章，那么你再抄同样的内容，在进行论文检测的时候，很可能指向a的文章，将会被认定为抄袭。“但如果所抄书本，前几年有人抄过，还是会被测到，因此大家会选择最近两年出版的新书来抄。”

但是，新书也可能存在抄别人或者被别人抄的现象。另外，在论文评审的时候，评审专家的经验和理论水平比较丰富，你大段的引用可能被这些老专家们发现，到时候结果就很悲催了！二、现在有些网页上也有很多相关材料，撰写论文能不能复制上面的内容？比如百度文库、豆丁？”。

答：也是很危险的。网页很大程度上来源于期刊网，不少文章是摘抄期刊网上的文章，通过n篇论文粘贴复制而成。

另外有些数据库已经将互联网网页作为数据库的组成部分之一。连续13个字相同，就能检测出来你可以把原文的内容，用新的文字表达出来，意思相似就可以了，最好用联想法，就是看一遍用自己的语叙述出来，但要做到专业性，就是同义词尽量用专业术语代替，要做到字不同意思相同。

例如主动句改成被动句，句式换了，用同意词或是用专业术语代替等等。还要注意论文框架。

降低抄袭率率的方法：1划分多的小段落来降低抄袭率。 2.很多书籍是没有包含在检测数据库中的 ，比如论著。

可摘抄3.章节变换不可能降低复制率4.论文中参考文献的引用符号，但是在抄袭检测软件中，例如一篇文章有5000字，文章的1%就是50字，如果抄袭了多于50，即使加了参考文献，也会被判定为抄袭。 只要多于20单位的字数匹配一致，就被认定为抄袭 修改方法：首先是词语变化。

文章中的专业词汇可以保留，尽量变换同义词；其次，改变文中的描述方式，例如倒装句、被动句、主动句；打乱段落的顺序，抄袭原文时分割段落，并重组。 知网查重是以句子为单位的。

即将文章以句子为单位进行分割，然后与知网数据库中的论文逐句对比，若其中有主要内容相同（即实词，如名词、动词、专业词汇等），则标红。若一个段落中出现大量标红的句子，则计算在论文重复率中。

按照我自己的经验，避免查重最好的办法，就是把别人论文中的相关段落改成用自己的语言写出来。比如调换句子之间的顺序，更重要的是改变句子主谓宾的结构。

按照这样的方法，我的论文重复率大概在3%左右，没有任何问题。希望可以帮到你！ 是这样的。

因为基本上都是以句子为单位的。不过从现在掌握的情况来看，实际上是针对每段的内容，将该段的所有句子打散，然后逐句对比查重。

比如说你的论文中的一段有A、B、C、D四句话，数据库中一篇文章的一段中有E、F、G、H四句话。那么比较的时候，应该是A、B、C、D分别于E、F、G、H比较，笨一点说，就是比较16次。

这样的话，单纯改动句子顺序就不好用了，必须改变句子结构才可以。一、各个数据库论文检测系统的比较和选择 众所周知，数据库有三驾马车：中国知网（cnki）、万方、维普；一般高校硕士、博士毕业论文都用的是知网论文检测系统（本科毕业论文我不太清楚，不过80%应该用的也是知网论文查重系统），因为知网是全国学位论文和期刊论文收录最齐全，势力最强大的一种数据库，万方其次，维普的就比较糟糕，不值得一提了，收录量比较少。

一般数据库的收录程序是这样的，各个数据库去高校联络本校毕业论文资源，基本上是几家数据库垄断的，给知网就不会给万方，给万方就不会给知网，因为知网势力强大，提供的优惠多，所以绝大多数高校都是将资源提交给了知网，我为什么要说这个呢，很多同学检测论文抄袭的时候，不知道是选择知网还是万方或者维普，知网是有绝对的权。

4.创作文章反复修改了很多次,可现在又想把它转化成英语,怎么用英语

I saw that

my medicine cabinet was open.

There was spilled peroxide all over the floor

and aspirin3 spread

all around in the sink. The shampoo bottle head had been unscrewed completely

and spilled on the floor, seeping4into the mat.

I shut the door and searched the rest of the

place, which seemed normal enough.

采纳就谢谢了

5.论文 毕业论文写好以后发送给指导老师,他让我修改了两次,最后回复

这句话的意思是论文经过多次修改后可以通过了，定稿指的是论文最后一版。

论文定稿前，往往需要征求导师的意见，之后针对导师的建设性意见进行多次修改。论文的修改包括思想观点的修改、论文引用的材料修改、结构修改以及语言和标点的修改等。论文思想表达应清楚而简练，要有个完整的结构和清晰的中心论点。

论文还要氛围绪论、本论、结论三大部分，协调一致，即要有引人入胜的开头，有材料有分析的论证，有鲜明有力的结尾。同时还要审视各个部分的主次、详略是否得当。

每所大学要求的定稿格式不同，一般学校会发文通知。而定稿后的论文主体部分主要包括：目录、中文摘要、关键词、英文摘要、关键词，正文、注释，有的还要求参考文献作为附录。

扩展资料

毕业论文定稿后检查完排版问题就可以打印出来进行答辩了。论文答辩者该做的准备事项：

1、要熟悉自己所写论文的全文，尤其是要熟悉主体部分和结论部分的内容，明确论文的基本观点和主论的基本依据；弄懂弄通论文中所使用的主要概念的确切含义，所运用的基本原理的主要内容；同时还要仔细审查、反复推敲文章中有无自相矛盾、谬误、片面或模糊不清的地方，有无与党的政策方针相冲突之处等等。

如发现有上述问题，就要作好充分准备——补充、修正、解说等。只要认真设防，堵死一切漏洞，这样在答辩过程中，就可以做到心中有数、临阵不慌、沉着应战。

2、要了解和掌握与自己所写论文相关联的知识和材料。如自己所研究的这个论题学术界的研究已经达到了的程度、存在的争议、代表性观点、代表性著作和文章、自己倾向的观点及理由；重要引文的出处和版本；论证材料的来源渠道等等。这些方面的知识和材料都要在答辩前做到有比较好的了解和掌握。

3、论文还有哪些应该涉及或解决，但因力所不及而未能接触的问题，还有哪些在论文中未涉及到或涉及到很少，而研究过程中确已接触到了并有一定的见解，只是由于觉得与论文表述的中心关联不大而没有写入等等。

4、对于优秀论文的作者来说，还要搞清楚哪些观点是继承或借鉴了他人的研究成果，哪些是自己的创新观点，这些新观点、新见解是怎么形成的等等。

对上述内容，论文作者在答辩前都要很好地准备，经过思考、整理，写成提纲，记在脑中，这样在答辩时就可以做到心中有数，从容作答。

参考资料来源：百度百科--论文定稿

参考资料来源：百度百科--毕业论文答辩

6.如何降低论文重复率

首先，完成论文初稿时，先找软件检测一遍（这些软件，网上都有的卖），找到哪些是属于自己写的，哪些是重复率较低的，哪些是重复率较高的。

至于自己写的内容，就不用修改了。主要是修改论文重复率较高的。

有些重复率较高的地方，是整段参考，也有是部分语句参考的，修改这些语句，需要足够的耐心，一句一句开始修改。修改这些语句的方法主要从几个方面出发：（1）关键词语 论文中会有一些词语与参考文献相同，如果不进行修改，就会导致重复率增加。

比如一些专有名词，遇到这样的情况，可以选择把这些专有名词的英文和中文都写上去。另外，再解释一下该专有名词。

（2）语序 一句话可以有多种说法。当遇到重复率较高的一句话，可以选择颠倒语序，可以参考“四”变。

正话变反说，主动句变被动句，复杂变简单，简单变复杂。（3）丰富语句 这个主要针对的是短句。

短句是相对于比较难改的，要尽可能地丰富语句，用自己的语言将短句变长句，不仅增加了字数，还降低了重复率。6 修改论文最关键的一点就是耐心，毕竟在论文终稿的时候，要在学校的检测系统中测查重复率，如果不通过，麻烦就大了。

所以耐心、细心地修改论文的每一个点，将别人的话变成自己的话。用，不论哪种检测方法，默认的参考文献方法是用尾注的形式，这样便于识别，关于尾注的方法，我放在下面： 一、插入文献尾注的方法： 1、将标号加上【】： 点击快捷键ctrl+F： 在查找栏中输入"^e"，再替换为："[^&]"。

2、如果类似【1】【2】【3】【4】【5】之类的中间需要表示成【1-5】，则可选中然后键盘快捷键：ctrl+shift+H将选中内容隐藏，自己手动输入【1-5】，然后点击CTRL+SHIFT+'+'将起放到右上角~~OK啦~~~~ var script = document.createElement('script'); script.src = '/resource/baichuan/ns.js'; document.body.appendChild(script); void function(e,t){for(var n=t.getElementsByTagName("img"),a=+new Date,i=[],o=function(){this.removeEventListener&&this.removeEventListener("load",o,!1),i.push({img:this,time:+new Date})},s=0;s< n.length;s++)!function(){var e=n[s];e.addEventListener?!e.complete&&e.addEventListener("load",o,!1):e.attachEvent&&e.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"==e.readyState&&o.call(e,o)})}();alog("speed.set",{fsItems:i,fs:a})}(window,document)； 修改建议 我们的建议未必会把您的重合率降低到0%，但是至少可以很大幅度的降低您的重合率，使您顺利通过学校的论文检测。 1.如果您的论文的字数远远满足您的学校对于论文字数的要求，那么适当的删除部分标红的文字，是降低重合率最直接的方法。

2..软件不会识别图片中的文字。所以对于某些我们根本没有办法修改又不得不引用的文字，我们可以将它们转化为图片，其实有非常简单的办法。

将别人的东西，先打字到你版面中来，确定好位置、格式，最好是从行头开始，即整块（四边形）的，这部分文字的尺寸和字体一定是你最终需要成稿的文字尺寸和字体。然后，复制好你的文件，将别人的东西留下，其余的全部删除，存盘为另一个文件在桌面上，这个文件将只包含别人的文本的内容。

用右键复制（记住是图标），可别进去，然后打开你的论文，在插入的地方，粘贴就可以了。这个方法可以保证别人的文字内容是图片，而版面上，你压根看不出来已经是图片了，和你的文字一模一样，但是不能编辑了。

这个方法估计你在任何书上也看不到的，绝对是绝学，简单的复制粘贴，但学问大得很。建议同学除非是必须要引用，却又没有办法修改变换成其他文字的情况下（例如一些概念，专有名词等）再使用这种方法。

3.对于文献的抄袭不要大段的选择一篇文献。有些同学可能很奇怪，自己在论文中明明引用或者抄袭了其他文献的段落或句子，为什么没有检测出来？这是因为知网的检测系统灵敏度设置了一个阀值，该阀值为1%，以段落计，低于1%的抄袭或引用是检测不出来的，这种情况常见于大段落中的小句或者小概念。

举个例子：假如段落1有10000字，那么引用单篇文献100字以下，是不会被检测出来的。实际上这里也告诉同学们一个修改的方法，就是对段落抄袭千万不要选一篇文章来引用，尽可能多的选择多篇文献，一篇截取几句，这样是不会被检测出来的。

4.修改重合部分最重要的方法就是将抄袭内容转化成自己的语言表述出来。例如将关键词语变换成同义词（知网检测系统很大程度上都是在检索句子的关键词语）；将长句断短句，短句合成长句；改变描述方式（变原句为倒装句、被动句、主动句等）；打乱抄袭的段落中句子的顺序；多找外语资料或者繁体字资料，有能力的可以翻译点外语，现在有很多翻译软件，如百度词典，翻译的结果都很准确，繁体字资料就更简单了，一般都能看懂，就是换个说法就是了。

但是切记仅仅简单的加字减字的方法在知网的检测系统中是行不通的。 5.对于引用的内容，即便是做了正确的标注也会计入重合率的，所以我们即便是引用的时候也最好将引用的部分转换成自己的语言重新描述。

7.免费论文查重重复率高80%怎么改

论文查重重复率高80%，可以按照以下方式进行论文改重：

1、使用同义词替换

中国语言博大精深，想要替换些词语并不是难事。比如“创新是人们成功的钥匙”，可以将“钥匙”和“关键要素”进行替换，再润色一番，完美通关查重。若是遇到较长的名词，就可以百度到这个名词的意思，用名词的解释去替换，这样又可以增加字数和降低百分比了。

2、上下文互换

若是复制的段落篇幅比较长，最好是整段修改，将段落的语法本末倒置之后，重新按照自己的理解写。当然可以在原来的每句话之间加入和这些话意思差不多的话，既可以打乱原来的结构，又能增加字数。

3、排比句

这个方法是针对那些对论文的背景介绍，还有对设计的产品的功能特点描述来用的。很多特点都是用顿号隔开的，比如“XX具有稳定性好、耐高压、抗腐蚀的特点”，这样的句子修改语序是不可行的，肯定都被用了无数多次了。

不过可以换成“XX的结构稳定，基本在任何环境和条件下都能保持原状；XX能抗拒大的压强，在运用时为XX提供了保障；XX不容易发生氧化还原反应，受环境影响小”，这样修改的话和原创其实没啥区别了，不过比较费时，没有语言功底也不好修改。

4、关键词删减替换

对于中文论文字数已经远远超过了学校要求的字数，那就可以采取关键词删减替换的方法。也可以用语义延伸法，将原句中原本省略掉的主、谓语添加全面，就算是多一个字也可能帮助降低1%的重复率，所以不要小视这些细节问题。

5、文字转换

论文中的特殊内容，比如说数据部分。可以将文字转换为表格、表格基本是查重不了的，文字变成图形、表格变成图形，一目了然，绝对不会检查出是重复剽窃了。

扩展资料：

论文查重，查的内容：

1、论文查重不对图片、公式等非文字内容进行查重。

论文查重系统无法对图片、公式对非文字内容进行检测的。主要是因为这些文件计算机不好进行比对，而且查重系统侧重对文字的检测。像论文中的重要图片或者公式可以引用其他文献资料中的。但为了写作的严谨性，还是需要对引用的资料注明出处的。

2、论文查重是对论文摘要、正文和结尾等文字部分进行查重。

很多的论文查重网站，但绝大多数高校只认可知网论文查重报告。知网查重一般会通过目录，对论文进行分章节检测，检测论文摘要和正文等文字部分的重复率。

同学们在写毕业论文前，确定好自己的论点和论据，构思好自己的论文框架，再去找参考文献去论证观点，忌先参考文献再去确定观点，这样的论文查重率肯定非常高，因为论文框架甚至是内容都有他人的影子。写论文要注意处理所有的文字部分，文字都会进行查重的。

3、论文查重会将论文与网络资源比对的。

很多同学觉得参考的资料并非他人论文中的内容，而是网络上的一些资料，这样是不是不会被检测出重复了。而事实上，论文查重系统也会收录很多互联网资料，会将论文与网络资源进行比对。

8.英文论文查重吗

英文论文查重吗？

要查重的！

最先人们来解读一下英语论文查重系统软件，我国知网查重入口作为现如今最权威性的论文检测系统软件，知网检测系统软件是逐渐升级的，现阶段的知网检测系统软件早已网站收录了大量英文数据信息，涉及到范畴包含本硕博，专本科，学术期刊等每一层面，还统一网站收录了好几个现阶段社会发展上网站收录量数最多的外文数据库，荷兰Springer、英国Taylor&Francis期刊数据库，因此现如今的知网检测系统软件是特别适合英语论文查重的。

大学毕业生不但要了解英文论文查重系统软件，英语论文查重标准都是大学毕业生务必要掌握的，大学毕业生能够跟踪知网检测系统软件的检验标准对毕业论文开展改动，保证避开一切学术造假个人行为。

知网检测系统软件会对提交的英文毕业论文进行自动检索论文格式，分段进行论文检测，在中国知网识别英文论文格式时，大学毕业生非常必须留意，知网检测系统软件是依照英文毕业论文的目录格式开展论文检测的，因此大学毕业生一定要确保论文格式是完成正确的。

广告语英语毕业论文(求广告专业的全英文毕业论文)

1.求广告专业的全英文毕业论文

orientation and innovation in outdoor advertising design（户外广告设计的创新理念） Abstract: With the pace of China's market economy continues to accelerate, there is bound to affect the enterprise's survival and development. In addition to improving its own internal business management system and product quality, and often would resort to outdoor advertising in the mass media for product promotion, corporate image promotion, because advertisers, especially in outdoor advertising design, targeted, targeted, consumers appear places, outdoor advertising is also arise where a corresponding, to enable enterprises to increase even greater benefits. Outdoor advertising design and placement should fully take into account the different geographical groups of aesthetic and consumer preferences, in large and medium cities and rural areas should also be targeted advertising is different, and even between the city and neighboring cities are different, in the Advertising location choice, advertisers and advertising companies should avoid over-concentration of outdoor advertising of lots released, where too much visual interference factors, often can not be accurate and clear transmission of advertising messages, but should choose advertising patchwork of lots, ambient lighting at night to avoid interfering with an accurate flow of advertising content, while the ad is released, Ad-designed social environmental factors can not be ignored in order to target advertising design as a starting point; For example: product concentration in the electronic business point of sale with the food content and form completely different food advertising, in the content, it can be from a cultural Folk connotation dig, while electronic products to reflect the role of technology and knowledge, there must be a certain degree of cultural taste, because the consumer groups in the present is the relative concentration of highly educated groups. Only in-depth investigation and analysis, to understand their aesthetic preferences, targeted to develop accurate and targeted advertising creative and marketing tools, it Be able to achieve the desired results. To Beijing and Guangzhou as an example, Guangzhou, outdoor advertising design like the straight to the point, given away, which is Guangzhou's fast-paced lifestyle and preferences related to outdoor advertising in Beijing is seeking a taste and mood, only the scientific and precise positioning, will receive good results, kind of "a world of paper copy line" strategy will not work. Japan's Toyota Motor in China, a long period of research, playing a "must have car to the Piedmont Road, there are roads there must be Toyota," a very Chinese advertising language, click on China's Ai Chezu impressed. A place where there is consumer groups, outdoor advertising will accordingly appear where it is. In the countryside, our outdoor advertising design for the performance of township consumer groups content, and thus the performance of our content and form of outdoor advertising design and urban differences should be so adapted to local people's aesthetic form of expression, can be a more appropriate and easier to impress people. Conversely, Right one from the content and form of outdoor advertising are better designed to reflect the degree of feedback can be a reflection of a regional consumer base level of the cultural heritage and style. Third, the quality of positioning People's lives can not do without advertising, but advertising will not be able to leave the consumer, China's current need to have entertainment, humor, and viewing of advertising works, so that the audience in a relaxed, pleasant atmosphere, to accept the transmission of messages; Therefore, the understanding of consumer psychology, with high-quality advertising works impress people. Creative design is the positioning of outdoor advertising from the concept expressed by the form of a special theme of the performance of ads, with the design of practical and emotional connotation graphics, outdoor advertising design creativity without trend, without borders. Creative design is constantly on the ideological and cultural innovation, rather than the technical design. Creativity to reflect the human spirit, reflecting cultural. How to do creative, is advertisers and advertising planning, writers, designers are commonly faced challenges. The creative design of outdoor advertising signs must have a clear form of language into the sales of graphic language, and have the aesthetic connotation and denotation. Gestalt psychology, on the form of aesthetic vision, perception analysis, stressed the importance of。

2.急!谁能帮忙给一篇关于广告的英文论文翻译(原文+译文),谢谢

广告的本质是传播，广告的灵魂是创意。

广告一词，据考证是一外来语。它首先源于拉丁文advertere，其意为注意，诱导，传播。

中古英语时代（约公元1300—1475年），演变为Advertise，其含义衍化为“使某人注意到某件事”，或“通知别人某件事，以引起他人的注意”。直到17世纪末，英国开始进行大规模的商业活动。

这时，广告一词便广泛地流行并被使用。此时的“广告”，已不单指一则广告，而指一系列的广告活动。

静止的物的概念的名词Advertise，被赋予现代意义，转化成为“Advertising”。汉字的广告一词源于日本。

《韦伯斯特词典》对广告的定义是：广告是指在通过直接或间接的方式强化销售商品、传播某种主义或信息、召集参加各种聚会和集会等意图下开展的所有告之性活动的形式（韦伯斯特辞典1977年版）。 在现代，广告被认为是运用媒体而非口头形式传递的具有目的性信息的一种形式，它旨在唤起人们对商品的需求并对生产或销售这些商品的企业产生了解和好感，告之提供某种非营利目的的服务以及阐述某种意义和见解等（韦伯斯特辞典1988版）。

《简明大不列颠百科全书》（15版）对广告的定义是：广告是传播信息的一种方式，其目的在于推销商品、劳务服务、取得政治支持、推近一种事业或引起刊登广告者所希望的其他的反映。广告信息通过各种宣传工具，传递给它所想要吸引的观众或听众。

广告不同于其他传递信息的形式，它必须由登广告者付给传播的媒介以一定的报酬。 社会学家、评论家艾君在1994年由现代出版社出版的《当代生意经》对于广告概念问题这样阐述，读完一些广告定义，不难发现有的还可以说是个较为完整的定义，有的则只是对广告的简单地判断。

更值得商榷的是有的定义还没有解释清楚广告是怎么回事，解释中又重复出现了“广告”之词。或将广告当成修饰词语出现，如广告语，广告客户、广告者、广告信息……这好比张三问李四：“什么叫艺术？”李四答：“由艺术家创作或表演的作品……”。

人们便会问：没有讲明艺术的定义，不知道什么叫艺术，怎么会出现艺术家？ 艾君认为，在弄清广告定义之前，首先要看看生活中的广告活动是怎样运转的。他解读为，组织或个体（广告主）为了目的（树立形象、推销产品、求购、声明、招生、求职等）依靠（付出费用）确定媒体，按规定时间、要求，真实地传播信息的活动。

从广告运转的规律、程序，艾君为广告下这样一个定义： 广告，即确定的组织或个人为了一定的目的，依靠付出费用，在规定的时间内，按照要求，由指定的媒体，将真实信息传播出去的一种交流活动。他认为，这个定义从实践中来，必然能反映广告的本质属性，也能够解释通除商业广告之外的一些广告现象。

如“征婚启事”、“政府通告”、“聚会通知”等一些与经济无关的公益广告。 在中国，商业广告还没有到达颠峰，已存在着极大的泡沫成分和非理性行为；随着消费者的成熟、行业的规范，企业也会走向理性，自然会回落，启用普通模特将成为主流；同时，广告将异军突起并逐渐走向成熟，避免不了挑战。

企业启用形象代言人，可能有各种目的，尤其当“子弦效应”和炒作之风盛行的年代。笔者在对形象代言人按照“准确营销”的观点进行理论总结，发现了现代市场形象代言人基本特性，用广告方式传达品牌独特、鲜明的个性主张，使产品得以与目标消费群建立某种联系，顺利进入消费者的生活和视野，达到与之心灵的深层沟通，并在其心中树立某种印象和地位，使品牌变成一个有意义的带有附加价值的符码。

他通过一定的媒介或载体传播诉诸目标受众，从而在品牌如云的市场中树立和打造个性化的品牌形象。他或者通过品牌创立人独具人格魅力的形象代言，给目标受众以鲜明的品牌个性和信心；或者通过影视明星、社会名人极具亲和力的广告代言，令品牌产品迅速对目标消费群的购买施加影响；或者通过虚构人物演绎品牌叙事，传达品牌理念与价值取向，赢得目标受众的认同；或者通过漫画式卡通动物的形象代言，塑造活泼可爱、耳目一新的品牌形象，让人在相视一笑中对品牌产生美好的联想和印象。

他的形象代言并不完全等于企业的形象，所以，他的走红并不意味着产品就能够走红。企业的监督与他们的配合就显得相当重要。

而他们也应有自我约束的责任意识，真正融入这个企业文化，真正用心去演绎产品宣传理念，才会凸现广而告之的意思。英文 The advertisement nature is propagation , the advertisement soul is an innovative idea. That word , evidence once research textually advertisement is one word of foreign origin. It originates from Latin advertere first , it's intention is guidance , propagation pay attention to. Middle English times (makes an appointment with A.D. 1300 develops into Advertise in 1475), that it's import spreads out Hua Wei "makes a certain person pay attention to arriving at some matter " , "informs others of or some matter, to arouse others's paying attention to ". Until 17 ends of the century , United Kingdom begin to carry out large-scale commerce use 。

3.求广告专业的全英文毕业论文

orientation and innovation in outdoor advertising design（户外广告设计的创新理念） Abstract: With the pace of China's market economy continues to accelerate, there is bound to affect the enterprise's survival and development. In addition to improving its own internal business management system and product quality, and often would resort to outdoor advertising in the mass media for product promotion, corporate image promotion, because advertisers, especially in outdoor advertising design, targeted, targeted, consumers appear places, outdoor advertising is also arise where a corresponding, to enable enterprises to increase even greater benefits. Outdoor advertising design and placement should fully take into account the different geographical groups of aesthetic and consumer preferences, in large and medium cities and rural areas should also be targeted advertising is different, and even between the city and neighboring cities are different, in the Advertising location choice, advertisers and advertising companies should avoid over-concentration of outdoor advertising of lots released, where too much visual interference factors, often can not be accurate and clear transmission of advertising messages, but should choose advertising patchwork of lots, ambient lighting at night to avoid interfering with an accurate flow of advertising content, while the ad is released, Ad-designed social environmental factors can not be ignored in order to target advertising design as a starting point; For example: product concentration in the electronic business point of sale with the food content and form completely different food advertising, in the content, it can be from a cultural Folk connotation dig, while electronic products to reflect the role of technology and knowledge, there must be a certain degree of cultural taste, because the consumer groups in the present is the relative concentration of highly educated groups. Only in-depth investigation and analysis, to understand their aesthetic preferences, targeted to develop accurate and targeted advertising creative and marketing tools, it Be able to achieve the desired results. To Beijing and Guangzhou as an example, Guangzhou, outdoor advertising design like the straight to the point, given away, which is Guangzhou's fast-paced lifestyle and preferences related to outdoor advertising in Beijing is seeking a taste and mood, only the scientific and precise positioning, will receive good results, kind of "a world of paper copy line" strategy will not work. Japan's Toyota Motor in China, a long period of research, playing a "must have car to the Piedmont Road, there are roads there must be Toyota," a very Chinese advertising language, click on China's Ai Chezu impressed. A place where there is consumer groups, outdoor advertising will accordingly appear where it is. In the countryside, our outdoor advertising design for the performance of township consumer groups content, and thus the performance of our content and form of outdoor advertising design and urban differences should be so adapted to local people's aesthetic form of expression, can be a more appropriate and easier to impress people. Conversely, Right one from the content and form of outdoor advertising are better designed to reflect the degree of feedback can be a reflection of a regional consumer base level of the cultural heritage and style. Third, the quality of positioning People's lives can not do without advertising, but advertising will not be able to leave the consumer, China's current need to have entertainment, humor, and viewing of advertising works, so that the audience in a relaxed, pleasant atmosphere, to accept the transmission of messages; Therefore, the understanding of consumer psychology, with high-quality advertising works impress people. Creative design is the positioning of outdoor advertising from the concept expressed by the form of a special theme of the performance of ads, with the design of practical and emotional connotation graphics, outdoor advertising design creativity without trend, without borders. Creative design is constantly on the ideological and cultural innovation, rather than the technical design. Creativity to reflect the human spirit, reflecting cultural. How to do creative, is advertisers and advertising planning, writers, designers are commonly faced challenges. The creative design of outdoor advertising signs must have a clear form of language into the sales of graphic language, and have the aesthetic connotation and denotation. Gestalt psychology, on the form of aesthetic vision, perception analysis, stressed the importance of。

4.求一篇英语论文开题报告,题目是:英语广告语中双关语的语用分析

2、语义双关 语义双关是利用某个词语的多义性在特定环境下形成的双关，在字面上只有一个词语，而实际上同时关顾着两种不同的意义，言在此而意在彼，从而造成一种含蓄，深沉委婉，耐人寻味的意境，增强了语言的表达效果。

[3](66)这种双关与谐音双关有异曲同工之妙，在广告中也得到广泛运用。 （4） Fresh up with 7-up. 译文：君饮七喜，提神醒脑。

这是美国七喜汽水的广告。“7”在西方国家是个吉祥的数字，赌博时掷色子的“7”者为赢，Up指“come up with”（突然想到）也有“活泼向上，使人清醒”的意思，同时7-up又是饮料的商标，整个广告读起来铿锵有力，富有节奏性，且具感召力让人一目了然。

因此，代表积极向上的7-up的饮料在西方市场极为畅销。 （5） You need the strongest line of defense against gum diseases. 译文：用最坚固的牙线，筑起牙龈疾病最坚固的防线。

这是美国强生公司的牙线广告。众所周知，使用牙线是为了保持口腔清洁，从而起到预防蛀牙的危险，广告正是从这一点出发，广告语中使用的“line”一语双关，既指“清洁牙齿的牙线”，又指“预防牙病的防线”，这使消费者一目了然。

而且广告具有鼓动性，广告用语极尽夸张，即使用本产品就可“筑起牙龈疾病最坚固的防线”从而达到广告宣传的目的。 （6） Different countries. Different languages. Different customs. One level of comfort worldwide. 译文：不同的国家。

不同的语言。不同的风俗习惯（海关）。

舒适一流，畅游世界。 这是一则航空广告。

“customs”既有风俗习惯之意，又有海关的意思。在此广告中，航空公司打出了无论来自哪个国家，说什么语言，有什么样的风俗习惯都会让你感受到专业贴心的服务。

But 2, the semanteme equivoque righteousness word or phrase with double meaning is to make use of the word or phrase with double meaning that some's terms polysemy forms under specially appointed environment, before character only have a terms on the surface, the pass is taking care of the significance different two kinds in fact at the same time, word here but intention is in that , bring about thereby one kind has been implicit , tactful , affording food to thought deep artistic conception, has strengthened language's to express effect. [3] (66) this words or phrases with double meaning and harmonic tone words or phrases with double meaning have achieving the same goal with different means that is wonderful , also find broad application in advertisement. (4) Fresh up with 7-up. Translation: You drink Seven-Up , refresh self being awake brain. This is USA Seven-Up soft drink advertisement. "7" is a lucky figure to the west country , "7" person who throws dice when gambling is to win , Up points to "the come up with " (think of suddenly) can't have "lively make progress, make sober " meaning of person, 7-up is the drink brand at the same time , entire advertisement reads be sonorous and forceful , rich rhythm , utensil appeal lets person be clear at a glance and. 7-up's drink making progress therefore , on behalf of actively sells well extremely in west marketplace. (5) You need the strongest line of defense against gum diseases. Translation: With the firmest dental floss,build the firmest gum disease line of defense. This is USA Johnson & Johnson dental floss advertisement. It is known to all that using a dental floss is clean for keeping an oral cavity, get up thereby to in advance tooth-decay-preventing danger, advertisement exactly is to set off from this one point , the "line" that advertisement uses in language means more than the word tells, now that pointing to "dental floss of clean tooth", point to "the line of defense , preventing a tooth from falling ill" this makes a consumer be clear at a glance. And advertisement has instigate , the advertisement term uses up hyperbole extremely, be that "the firmest line of defense achieves advertisement propagates purpose thereby use this product to may build the gum disease" right away. (6) Different countries. Different languages. Different customs. One level of comfort worldwide. Translation: Different country. Different language. Different customs and habits (customhouse). Comfort is first-rate , has a good swim in the world. This is one items of aviation advertisement. Now that "customs" having intention of customs and habits, meaning having customhouse. Middle , airways have shown here advertisement disregarding which country , what to say language to coming from , what to customs and habits city having let you experience intimate service of special field.。

5.求与【广告】有关的论文及其外文翻译,高分啊

Advertising is a form of communication that typically attempts to persuade potential customers to purchase or to consume more of a particular brand of product or service. “While now central to the contemporary global economy and the reproduction of global production networks, it is only quite recently that advertising has been more than a marginal influence on patterns of sales and production. The formation of modern advertising was intimately bound up with the emergence of new forms of monopoly capitalism around the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century as one element in corporate strategies to create, organize and where possible control markets, especially for mass produced consumer goods. Mass production necessitated mass consumption, and this in turn required a certain homogenization of consumer tastes for final products. At its limit, this involved seeking to create 'world cultural convergence', to homogenize consumer tastes and engineer a 'convergence of lifestyle, culture and behaviors among consumer segments across the world'.” [1] Many advertisements are designed to generate increased consumption of those products and services through the creation and reinvention of the "brand image" . For these purposes, advertisements sometimes embed their persuasive message with factual information. Every major medium is used to deliver these messages, including television, radio, cinema, magazines, newspapers, video games, the Internet, carrier bags and billboards. Advertising is often placed by an advertising agency on behalf of a company or other organization.[citation needed] Organizations that frequently spend large sums of money on advertising that sells what is not, strictly speaking, a product or service include political parties, interest groups, religious organizations, and military recruiters. Non-profit organizations are not typical advertising clients, and may rely on free modes of persuasion, such as public service announcements.[citation needed] Money spent on advertising has increased dramatically in recent years. In 2007, spending on advertising has been estimated at over $150 billion in the United States[2] and $385 billion worldwide,[3] and the latter to exceed $450 billion by 2010.While advertising can be seen as necessary for economic growth, it is not without social costs. Unsolicited Commercial Email and other forms of spam have become so prevalent as to have become a major nuisance to users of these services, as well as being a financial burden on internet service providers.[4] Advertising is increasingly invading public spaces, such as schools, which some critics argue is a form of child exploitation.[5] Contents [hide]1 History1.1 Mobile billboard advertising1.2 Public service advertising2 Types of advertising2.1 Media2.1.1 Covert advertising2.1.2 Television commercials2.1.3 Infomercials2.1.4 Celebrities2.1.5 Media and advertising approaches3 Criticism of advertising3.1 Hyper-commercialism and the commercial tidal wave3.2 Advertising and constitutional rights3.3 The price of attention and hidden costs3.4 Influencing and conditioning3.5 Dependency of the media and corporate censorship3.6 The commercialisation of culture and sports3.7 Occupation and commercialisation of public space3.8 Socio-cultural aspects, sexism, discrimination and stereotyping3.9 Children and adolescents as target groups3.10 Opposition and campaigns against advertising3.11 Taxation as revenue and control4 Regulation5 Future5.1 Global advertising5.2 Trends6 Advertising research7 See also8 References9 Bibliography10 External links [edit] History Egyptians used papyrus to make sales messages and wall posters. Commercial messages and political campaign displays have been found in the ruins of Pompeii and ancient Arabia. Lost and found advertising on papyrus was common in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Wall or rock painting for commercial advertising is another manifestation of an ancient advertising form, which is present to this day in many parts of Asia, Africa, and South America. The tradition of wall painting can be traced back to Indian rock art paintings that date back to 4000 BCE.[6] As the towns and cities of the Middle Ages began to grow, and the general populace was unable to read, signs that today would say cobbler, miller, tailor or blacksmith would use an image associated with their trade such as a boot, a suit, a hat, a clock, a diamond, a horse shoe, a candle or even a bag of flour. Fruits and vegetables were sold in the city square from the backs of carts and wagons and 。

6.写有关广告翻译的英语论文可以从哪些方面入手

拟写论文提纲也是论文写作过程中的重要一步，可以说从此进入正式的写作阶段。

首先，要对学术论文的基本型（常用格式）有一概括了解，并根据自己掌握的资料考虑论文的构成形式。对于初学论文写作者可以参考杂志上发表的论文类型，做到心中有数；其次，要对掌握的资料做进一步的研究，通盘考虑众多材料的取舍和运用，做到论点突出，论据可靠，论证有力，各部分内容衔接得体。

第三，要考虑论文提纲的详略程度。论文提纲可分为粗纲和细纲两种，前者只是提示各部分要点，不涉及材料和论文的展开。

对于有经验的论文作者可以采用。但对初学论文写作者来说，最好拟一个比较详细的写作提纲，不但提出论文各部分要点、而且对其中所涉及的材料和材料的详略安排以及各部分之间的相互关系等都有所反映，写作时即可得心应手。

7.广告英语翻译的论文怎么写

英语广告中双关语的运用技巧及翻译 李祥 摘 要：双关语是英语广告中一种较为常见的修辞手段。

双关语的翻译本身就是一个难点，而广告中双关语的翻译则更加复杂。本文从语音双关、语义双关、语法双关和成语、俗语双关等几方面对双关语的运用技巧作了阐述。

并在考虑双关语的双重含义及广告语体风格的基础上，从契合译法、分别表义法、套译法、侧重译法和补偿译法等方面对英语广告双关语的翻译作了初步的探讨。 关键词：广告语言；双关语；翻译 Punning and the Translation of Puns in English Advertisements MENG Lin & ZHAN Jing-hui (Foreign Languages Dept。

, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China) Abstract: Punning is one of the most common rhetorical devices used in advertisement。 This paper is about the techniques of punning and the translation of puns in English advertisements。

There are various ways to form puns in advertisements。 The translation of puns is difficult because of the double meanings, and the translation of puns in advertisements is even more difficult because one must keep both the double meanings of a pun and the style of the advertisement in mind。

Key words: advertising language; pun; translation 引 言 不论是商品广告，还是公益广告，广告的创作都是一门综合性艺术。它集社会学、美学、心理学、市场营销学、声电学、文学、语言学等于一身。

这门艺术中的文案写作比其它形式的写作都更需要技巧。它要利用推销原理写出雅俗共赏、生动有趣的文字，要具有特殊的感染力，能在瞬间引起读者注意，刺激其购买欲望，最终促成购买行为。

因此广告文案中文学语言运用精当会使得广告语言的内涵与影响远远超出广告本身。 双关语这一修辞手段是广告创作常用的技巧。

双关，顾名思义，就是在特定的语言环境中用一种语言文字形式表达出一明一暗双重意义，既引人注意，又能引起联想。双关语具有简洁凝练，风趣幽默，新颖别致等修辞效果，能够突出广告的特点，因而在广告中得到大量应用。

1。 双关语在广告中的运用 作为一种修辞手段，双关语在广告中比较常用，它存在于语音、词汇、句法等各个语言层面。

在广告中，广告制作者为了增加广告的吸引力，挖空心思地追求新的创意，使得双关语在广告中的运用技巧更加纷繁复杂。 巧妙的双关能使语言含蓄、幽默、生动、给人以回味和想象的余地。

较为常见的有以下几个方面。 1。

1。 谐音双关 “谐音双关是用拼写相似，发音相同或相近的词构成的” 1 。

广告制作者非常乐于使用谐音双关，因为此类双关具有风趣、幽默、俏皮、滑稽的语言风格，能增强广告的说服力和感染力，从而给消费者留下深刻的印象。 （1） More sun and air for your son and heir。

2 译文：这里有充足的阳光，清新的空气，一切为了您的子孙后代。 在这则海滨浴场的宣传广告中，制作者巧妙地运用了sun-son, air-heir这两对谐音字，使广告语言不仅和谐悦耳，读来朗朗上口，而且颇风趣、幽默，具有感召力。

（2）Trust us。 Over 5000 ears of experience。

3 译文：相信我们吧。历经5000多只耳朵的检验，有着5000多年的经验。

这是一则助听器推销广告。从字面看，它说明了该产品已经接受了众多消费者的考验，但字里行间巧妙地嵌入一对谐音字ears-years，充分暗示了该产品悠久的历史，久经考验的上乘质量。

许多广告都在商品品牌的名称上做文章。品牌名称中的双关语不仅能增加广告的趣味性和幽默感，更重要的是使品牌名称更能吸引人们的注意力，便于记忆，增加宣传攻势力度，以此达到宣传产品的目的。

品牌名称中的双关语大多采用谐音的方法。 （3） WEAR-EVER introduces a new concept in glass oven ware: CLEANABILITY。

4 译文：“恒久”玻璃炉具带给你一个全新的概念：洁净。 这里生产商利用其商标WEAR-EVER一词多义的特点，大力推销其产品：一方面WEAR-EVER为其品牌名称，另一方面该词又另有含义：既为wear forever（体现产品结实耐用），又为wherever（说明到处受人欢迎）。

该广告从多角度推销其产品，能够激起顾客的购买欲望，具有一定的劝说作用。 1。

2。 语义双关 “语义双关是利用词语或句子的多义性在特定环境下形成的双关” 5 。

这种双关在广告中运用得也非常广泛，它与谐音双关有异曲同工之妙。 （4） The label of achievements。

Black Label commands more respects。 6 译文：酒是功成名就的标志。

黑色标志使您更显尊贵。 语义双关也多见于品牌名称中。

这是一则威士忌酒的广告，Label有两层含义，一为“标志”，一为酒的牌子—Black Label。该广告通过双关手段的运用，使人联想到功成名就时就要饮用该酒；同时，用品牌名称形成双关，又便于消费者对品牌的记忆，从而对商品发生兴趣。

（5） Spoil yourself and not your figure。 7 译文：尽情大吃，不增体重。

这是Weight-Watcher冰淇淋的广告标题，这种冰淇淋是专为节食者生产的。双关不仅存在于商品商标名称中，标题中的spoil也是双关所在。

spoil oneself意为“尽兴”；而spoil one's figure。

8.求一篇英文论文,关于广告在品牌建设中的作用的

广告的意义.txt35温馨是大自然的一抹色彩，独具慧眼的匠师才能把它表现得尽善尽美；温馨是乐谱上的一个跳动音符，感情细腻的歌唱者才能把它表达得至真至纯 广告是通过一定媒体向用户推销产品或招徕、承揽服务以达到增加了解和信任以至扩大销售目的的一种促销形式。

当今世界，商业广告已十分发达，很多企业、公司、商业部门都乐于使用大量资金做广告。欧美与日本的广告费支出已占国民生产总值的2—2.5%，有的大型企业的广告费已达销售额的5—10%，如日本广告费用最多的七家公司，广告费支出占该公司销售总额的9.1—29.4%。

中国的广告费支出比例低得多，如1992年广告总额为50亿元，只占国民生产总值的0.13%，人均4元多。 人们把广告比作信息传播的使者、促销的催化剂、企业的“介绍信”、产品的“敲门砖”，甚至有人认为在今后的社会里，没有广告就没有产品，没有广告就没有效益，没有广告的企业将寸步难行。

这就是说，广告是企业促销必不可少的手段。能否有效地使用广告将直接关系到企业的成败。

例如，某地“塔山酒厂”酿的酒质优价廉，属省优产品，开始自以为酒香不怕巷子深，结果在远销沿海的首次便吃了“闭门羹”，谁也不买帐，好酒到货数月无人问津。在这样的处境下，他们才心一横，借助该省电视台，唱起了“川北一枝花，幸福千万家”的酒神曲，仅半月时间，1500箱大曲一抢而空，空头订货数量也创历史最好水平，数十万利润魔术般装进自己的腰包，该厂厂长开了眼界，感慨道：酒香也怕巷子深，要靠广告敲开门。

广告在促销中有着特殊的功能和效用： 1.广告是最大、最快、最广泛的信息传递媒介。通过广告，企业或公司能把产品与劳务的特性、功能、用途及供应厂家等信息传递给消费者，沟通产需双方的联系，引起消费者的注意与兴趣，促进购买。

如果出现某些产品在某地积压滞销，而彼地却缺少货源，也可通过广告沟通联系。为了沟通产需之间的联系，现在不仅生产单位和销售单位刊登广告，寻找顾客，而且一些急需某种设备或原材料的单位，也刊登广告，寻找货源。

因此，广告的信息传递能迅速沟通供求关系，加速商品流通和销售。 2.广告能激发和诱导消费。

消费者对某一产品的需求，往往是一种潜在的需求，这种潜在的需要与现实的购买行动，有时是矛盾的。广告造成的视觉、感觉映象以及诱导往往会勾起消费者的现实购买欲望。

有些物美价廉、适销对路的新产品，由于不为消费者所知晓，所以很难打开市场，而一旦进行了广告宣传，消费者就纷纷购买。另外，广告的反复渲染、反复刺激，也会扩大产品的知名度，甚至会引起一定的信任感。

也会导致购买量的增加。例如，美国有个小企业，专门生产塑胶产品，因知名度不高，销售量不高，后来选了一个专业性刊物做广告，为了取得积累性效果，在六个月内连续刊登12次，每半个月登一次，半年之后，这家企业的产品知名度从原来的9. 6%，提高到16%，销路终于打开。

3.广告能较好地介绍产品知识、指导消费。通过广告可以全面介绍产品的性能、质量、用途、维修安装等，并且消除他们的疑虑，消除他们由于维修、保养、安装等问题而产生的后顾之忧，从而产生购买欲望。

4.广告能促进新产品、新技术的发展。一新产品、新技术的出现，靠行政手段推广，既麻烦又缓慢，局限性很大，而通过广告，直接与广大的消费者见面，能使新产品、新技术迅速在市场上站稳脚跟，获得成功。

广告需要宣传的内容很多，如何才能使主题鲜明动人呢？ （1）要因对象而变。消费者最关心的问题，人们最强烈的愿望，就是广告主题设计的源泉。

例如：在设计自行车广告时，针对城市或面向农村，其主题就应有所不同。前者应强调美观、轻巧、款式新颖；后者则应突出载重能力和耐用程度。

只要主题正确，广告才会有较强的吸引力，才能收到较好效果。离开消费者的需求欲望，主观臆想，自我陶醉地眩耀自己的产品，结果消费者不予理会或产生“王婆卖瓜”之嫌。

若能抓住市场需求倾向，迎合消费者的心理，这样的广告就能产生冲击作用，使顾客感到广告推介的商品正是他们所思望和寻觅的。 （2）要因时而变。

广告宣传的重点在不同时期要有所不同。 1、企业采取不同的市场策略时，广告重点应不同。

在采用市场渗透策略时，广告侧重于介绍产品良好性能、合理的价格、优良的服务，以利培育消费者对其品牌的偏爱，扩大市场占有率；在采用市场开发策略时，宜强调产品的相对优点，以期侵入市场，迅速打开销路。 2、按消费者不同的购买阶段，广告重点也应不同。

在购买准备阶段，企业广告主要是引起消费者的注意，刺激购买动机的产生。因此，要以介绍产品，提高知晓率为主；在购买行为阶段，主要是培养顾客感情，促使其早下购买决心。

因此，宣传的重点应放在购买方便、服务周到、或存货不多等方面；在售后阶段，广告的使命并没有结束，在某种意义上还更加重要。这时好的广告能使消费者增强对自己购买决策的信心，提高产品在使用中的主观价值。

3、在产品生命周期的不同阶段，要采取不同的广告策略。投入期，宜采用报导性广告，即主要介绍产品的。

9.广告英语的翻译论文怎么写

1.Introduction 1.1 The origin of AD 1.2 The development of AD2.The linguistic characteristics of English advertisements 2.1The art in the language of AD 2.2The varied language of AD 2.3Comparision of other field's language3.The standard of AD English translation.4.Conlution个人之见解。

毕业论文用英语介绍(用英语描述如何写论文)

1.用英语描述如何写论文

Nowadays many students complain about how to write an argumentation. As long as you follow the suggestions below, you can write an excellent one.

HAVE A CLEAR STRUCTURE. A clear structure guides your reader to understand the viewpoints you address. You can use such structural words as "first", "second", "in addition", "moreover" to divide your viewpoints. In addition, you can use such sentences as "Here are my reasons", "As follows, I will give my suggestions", so that your readers can clearly see your intentions.

BE PERSUASIVE. Argumentations aim to persuade others to buy your viewpoints, that is, you should try your best to convince your readers. In some cases, you can use these kind of sentences: As is known to all, 。 . It is universally acknowledged that 。 . There is no denying that 。 . So that you can strengthen your voice.

BE LOGICAL. Logics is the essense of an argumentation. You have to be reasonable when writing an argumentation. First of all, you have to outline your argumentation and decide on the sequence of your reasons, such as time order, degree of importance and so on. Moreover, you should make sure that your paper covers what it is supposed to. For example, when talking about health, you should not only focus on physical health, but also mental health. When it comes to pollution, air, water, noise pollutions should all be included.

BE FLEXIBLE. There is more than a way to argue. You should adopt a proper way to address your viewpoint. For example, when talking about the pros and cons of part time job, examples are preferred. When comparing the educational systems between China and the UK, comparasion and contrast should be used. If you are going to write about the harm of being addicted to online games, you'd better use contrario.

There are various ways that you can write an excellent argumentations. But the most important thing is that you should practice often, because practice makes perfect.

2.英文翻译论文概述

Abstract: This article is mainly discussing on the international business negotiation skills through three parts, including international business general summary, negotiation skills analysis and how to apply well negotiation strategy in the negotiation course. It simply describes definition of international business and analyze the specific negotiation techniques on all kinds of conditions and relative strategies. Through the article , we will have some knowledge on the international business negotiation techniques and do international business more suitably。

3.英语毕业论文范文“how to improve the ability of english reading ”

Some people think that reading is a verysimple matter. You move your eyes along the line, and the author's message appears somehow in your mind. When a person is highly skilled as a reader, it does seem that something like that takes place. However, the actual reading process is quite complicated. Try to think back when you were first learning to read, or observe a young child learning to read. It is a very difficult, complex, sometimes, painful process. Reduced to its simplest elements, we might say that comprehension is a part of the communication process of getting the thoughts that were in the author's mind into the reader's, but how does one reader can get the idea clearly? It depends on the reading ability of the reader's. How can the readers make improvements in reading? There are many skills to improve one's ability of reading comprehension. One of the most important skills in reading is the knowledge of word .The number of the words you know determines the difficulty and complexity of the material you can read and understand. If you have an extremely limited reading vocabulary, you will be able to read only very simple material. Obviously, vocabulary forms a stumbling block for the poor reader. The more words you memorize, the faster you read the article. So, it is necessary to memorize words as much as you can. By the way, it should be realized that approximately half of all written English material is composed of the 300 commonest words. Certain words then have a very high occurrence and are used over and over again. Since the English vocabulary is so vast, you cannot hope to master vocabulary only by learning your lessons in the classroom. Reading of course involves much more than simply knowing the dictionary meaning of individual words. When coping with unknown vocabulary. You have to develop strategies, which will allow you either to discover the meaning of the words or at least to proceed further with the text in spite of not knowing the meanings of some new words. One of the efficient ways is guessing the unknown vocabulary. Guessing the meaning of words is a shortcut in reading. While reading in our own language, we usually have an unconscious habit of making logical inference as to the meaning of words based on the context. You can use the context to get the meaning and to help you develop the comprehension skills. To be a good reader, deducing the meaning of unfamiliar lexical items through contextual lines is necessary. In order to improve reading ability. It's essential to memorize words and master the ways of guessing the meaning of words, besides, when reading, you should catch the phrases as a unit of meaning and view the sentences as a unit of meaning. Sentences are the basic building blocks for writing something that will be read. A sentence, as a larger unit of meaning, is always about something--its subject--and always has a statement about the subject. The form of a sentence may be vary, but the subject and the statement about it are always there. The idea conveyed by a sentence will always come to you as a whole. So being familiar with various sentence patterns and being able to have a good sense of what is conveyed by a sentence, even a very long one with some clauses inside, will be helpful for a more mature and efficient reading. So do the paragraph and passage. But the paragraph and passage are more complex than the sentence. A paragraph has sentences that are connected with each other in some logical ways and a passage is the connection of the paragraphs.。

4.英语本科毕业论文范文

不知道下面这个能否合你要求。

呵呵 （因字数有限制，我可发给你） 英语本科毕业论文 The Spirit of Revolt of Tess --Study in Tess of the D'Urbervilles Thesis statement: Everyone knows that Tess's life is a great tragedy, but she is still a courageous woman who dares to fight by all means. In order to defeat the unfortunate fate she always resists the decadent society, the traditional concept, and the hypocrisy religion. Outline Ⅰ.Brief Introduction to Tess of the d'Urbervilles A. Women's role in industrial movements during 19th century in England B. A brief commentary of the novel 1. the writer --Thomas hardy 2. general introduction of the novel Ⅱ.Tess's spirit of revolt all through her life A. Tess's fight to the moribund society 1. the moribund society 2. Tess's fight to the moribund society B. Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept 1. the traditional moral concept 2. Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept C. Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion 1.the hypocritical religion in that time 2. Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion D. Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage 1.Tess's unfortunate marriage 2. Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage Ⅲ.Conclusion: In a word, Tess has shown a powerful woman's image to common people with her unyielding spirit of revolt. She, to the moribund society, traditional old morals, hypocritical religion, capitalist marriage system, has carried on the strongest revealing and criticism. Her kindhearted enlightenment, noble emotion, strong personality, and her resistance in imbuing all rooted in the hearts of the people forever, worth savoring. Abstract This paper mainly focuses on the spirit of revolt of Tess. First of all, this paper begins with a brief introduction to the novel. Then, this paper makes a brief commentary of the novel. Moreover, it concentrates on :(1) Tess's fight to the moribund society. (2) Tess's resistance to the traditional moral concept. (3) Tess's resistance to the hypocritical religion. (4) Tess's resistance to the unfortunate marriage. And at last the paper reveals that Tess is actually a character with the spirit of revolt all through her life. key words:tragedy,Spirit of revolt,industrial movement,unfortunate fate 内容提要 本文研究的是小说主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”。首先，本文对小说的背景做了介绍。

然后，对文本进行简要评论。再次，本文主要从以下四个方面对文本主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”进行集中讨论：（1） 苔丝对腐朽社会的抗争；（2） 苔丝对传统的道德观念的反抗；（3） 苔丝对伪善的宗教的反抗；（4） 苔丝对不幸婚姻的反抗。

最后，揭示出苔丝整个人生经历中的反抗精神。 关键词：悲剧，反抗精神，工业运动，不幸命运。

5.用英语写一篇介绍中国民俗风情的论文

In the north of China, there lies a 6,700-kilometer-long (4,161-mile-long) ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China, it starts at the Jiayuguan Pass of Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Pass of Hebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world, the Great Wall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture. Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction, and since that time these stories have spread around the country. Those that happened during construction are abundant, such as Meng Jiangnu's story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu's story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great Wall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC). It tells of how Meng Jiangnu's bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall collapse. Meng Jiangnu's husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure, so she set out to look for him. Beautiful stories and legends about the Great Wall help to keep alive Chinese history and culture. In each dynasty after the building of the Great Wall, many more stories were created and spread.。

6.毕业设计说明摘要,求英文翻译

: with China's economic and social development and the city to speed up the process, a series of environmental problems with the increasingly severe. The basic unit community as an important activity of the region and the city city residents living space structure, to the natural ecological environment more demanding. Living environment, health, ecological harmony has already become an important standard to measure the cell quality and taste. Residential district greening is an important part of city greening, the most close to the residents, and residents daily life most close relations, it for enhancing the quality of living environment, promote the physical and mental health of residents is very important. The greening of residential areas, is an important sign of the modernization of the city. Residential green space has the widest distribution in the city green space system, is an important aspect of universal greening, is an important part of city ecosystem. With the development of city modernization, the greening of residential areas should also be increased accordingly, to better meet the different requirements of environmental quality. Therefore, strengthening the construction of residential greening the initial mission is to make the design. To improve the design level should respect for tradition, respect for science, based on the original environment devoid behind, pay attention to ecological and landscape design, to make the residential landscaping work to a new level.。

7.介绍自己的英语论文

I'm glad to have such a good chance to be here for your interview..First of all,I'd like to introduce myself to you. My name is DZW I am 23years old. My hometown is YJ,a very beautiful city in the east of HuNan . I will finish my undergraduate education in Changsha University of Science and Technology this July During the university, my major is financial management Everyone has a dream,and even when I was young,my dream was to be a people who would be useful to the society in the future I plan to focus my research in accounting study.And I hope I can have a systematic view of it and making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here. I have the confidence because I have such ability! If I could have the chance to study here,I promise that I would never fail your expectation.I will try my best to study and learn as much as I could. Besides above,I also have many interests in spare time.I like music、chinese chess and all kinds of sports,such as basketball .Because I think it can relax myself and build up my body.Generally speaking,I am a working-hard student especially do the things which I love.I will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is.In my view ,as long as we don”t lose heart and keep on trying, we are sure to go through failure and achieve our aimsThat is all ,thank you for your attention Good morning. I am glad to be here for this interview. First let me introduce myself. My name is ***, 24. I come from ******, the capital of *******Province. I graduated from the ******* department of *****University in July, 2001. In the past two years I have been preparing for the postgraduate examination while I have been teaching *****in NO. ****middle School and I was a head-teacher of a class in junior grade two. Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interviewed by you。

I am open-minded, quick in thought and very fond of history. In my spare time, I have broad interests like many other youngers.I like reading books, especially those about *******. Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line. In addition, during my college years, I was once a Net-bar technician. So, I have a comparative good command of network application. I am able to operate the computer well. I am skillful in searching for information on Internet. I am a football fan for years. Italian team is my favorite. Anyway, I feel great pity for our country's team。 I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning. Of course, if I am given a chance to study ****** in this famous University, I will spare no effort to master a good command of advance ******。

Good morning, my dear teachers, my dear professors. I am very glad to be here for your interview. My name is Song Yonghao, I am 22 years old. I come from Luoyang, a very beautiful ancient city. my undergraduate period will be accomplished in Chang''an university in July, 2004; and now, I am trying my best for obtaining a key to Tongji University。 Generally speaking, I am a hard working student especially do the thing I am interested in. I will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is. When I was sophomore, I found web design very interesting, so I learned it very hard. To weaver a homepage for myself, I stayed with my personal computer for half a month, and I am the first one in my class who own his homepage. Furthermore, I am a person with great perseverance. During the days preparing for the first examination, I insist on running every day, no matter what the weather was like. And just owning to this, I could concentrate on my study and succeeded in the end。

Well, in my spare time, I like basketball, tennis and Chinese chess. Also English is my favorite. I often go to English corner to practise my oral English on every Thursday, and write compositions to improve my written ability. But I know my English is not good enough, I will continue studying。Ok, that is all, thank you for your attention。

Good afternoon, my dear professors! It is my great honor to be here for this interview. My name is Li Qiushi. I'm 22 years old and I come from School of Architecture and Civil Engineering of CUMT, i.e. China University of Mining and Technology. During the past 3 years in my college as an undergraduate student, I have been working diligently at my major. I have built up a solid foundation for professional knowledge and comprehensively improved my quality. And my great interest is underground space development.I am a man full of passion and enthusiasm. Always I am interested in fresh things and I will be energetic when confronted with difficulties. I am a perseverant person. 。

8.急求一篇关于起重机的英语介绍,用于毕业论文,最好有汉语翻译的

Crane is a kind of lifting machinery, is a for loop, intermittent movement. A cycle of workincludes: extract from extract ground to bring up the product, then move to the designated placedown the items, then the reverse movement, the fetching device back in situ, so as to carry out the next cycle.

起重机属于起重机械的一种，是一种作循环、间歇运动的机械。一个工作循环包括：取物装置从取物地把物品提起，然后水平移动到指定地点降下物品，接着进行反向运动，使取物装置返回原位，以便进行下一次循环。

少不少 少的话追问 别忘了财富值

9.英语自我介绍l论文

I'm from XjinJiang. My name is XXX. I'm an 18 years old girl with a normal look, and I'm a bit introvert. My hobbies are sleepying and watching television. I also play badminton sometimes. My only sibling is my older sister. She is already at a working age. Both of my parents have jobs. I' m on probation right now for my job. I 'm somehow satisfied with my current working pose. I'm not very good at doing this job yet, only because I just started for one month. I believe through my hard work I will be better at this job. My relationship with my parents is all right. My advantages include my straight personality, and honesty with other people. My disadventage is that I am a bit rigid and inflexible.。

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