毕业论文中的英文文献翻译是在附件里么

1. 毕业论文的英文文献翻译(毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗)

2. 毕业论文英文文献翻译膜方向

3. 毕业论文题目英文如何翻译

4. 配送中心毕业论文英文文献以及翻译

毕业论文的英文文献翻译(毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗)

1.毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗

这个不用全部翻译的，只要选择自己需要的内容翻译。

翻译的外文文献可以是一篇，也可以是两篇，但英文字符要求不少于2万。选定外文文献后先给指导老师看，得到老师的确认通过后方可翻译。

翻译的外文文献应主要选自学术期刊、学术会议的文章、有关著作及其他相关材料，应与毕业论文（设计）主题相关，并在中文译文首页用“脚注”形式注明原文作者及出处，外文原文后应附中文译文。

扩展资料：

外文翻译需要注意的问题

1、外文文献的出处不要翻译成中文，且写在中文译文的右上角（不是放在页眉处）；会议要求：名称、地点、年份、卷（期），等。

2、作者姓名以及作者的工作单位也不用必须翻译。

3、abstract翻译成“摘要”，不要翻译成“文章摘要”等其他词语。

4、Key words翻译成“关键词” 。

5、introduction 翻译成“引言”（不是导言）。

6、注意排版格式，都是单排版，行距1.25，字号小4号，等（按照格式要求）。

7、各节的标号I、II等可以直接使用，不要再翻译成“第一部分”“第二部分”，等。

8、里面的图可以拷贝粘贴，但要将图标、横纵指标的英文标注翻译成中文。

9、里面的公式、表不可以拷贝粘贴，要自己重新录入、重新画表格。

参考资料：百度百科-毕业论文

2.毕业论文外文翻译是什么意思

毕业论文外文翻译：将外文参考文献翻译成中文版本。

翻译要求：

1、选定外文文献后先给指导老师看，得到老师的确认通过后方可翻译。

2、选择外文翻译时一定选择外国作者写的文章，可从学校中知网或者外文数据库下载。

3、外文翻译字数要求3000字以上，从外文文章起始处开始翻译，不允许从文章中间部分开始翻译，翻译必须结束于文章的一个大段落。

参考文献是在学术研究过程中，对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴.征引过的文献在注释中已注明，不再出现于文后参考文献中。外文参考文献就是指论文是引用的文献原文是国外的，并非中国的。

原文就是指原作品，原件，即作者所写作品所用的语言。如莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》原文是英语。译文就是翻译过来的文字，如在中国也可以找到莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的中文版本，这个中文版本就称为译文。

扩展资料：

外文翻译需要注意的问题

1、外文文献的出处不要翻译成中文，且写在中文译文的右上角（不是放在页眉处）；会议要求：名称、地点、年份、卷（期），等。

2、作者姓名以及作者的工作单位也不用必须翻译。

3、abstract翻译成“摘要”，不要翻译成“文章摘要”等其他词语。

4、Key words翻译成“关键词” 。

5、introduction 翻译成“引言”（不是导言）。

6、各节的标号I、II等可以直接使用，不要再翻译成“第一部分”“第二部分”，等。

7、注意排版格式，都是单排版，行距1.25，字号小4号，等（按照格式要求）。

8、里面的图可以拷贝粘贴，但要将图标、横纵指标的英文标注翻译成中文。

9、里面的公式、表不可以拷贝粘贴，要自己重新录入、重新画表格。

3.急求毕业论文的外文翻译文献

The timing of the reform with clubs and countermeasures Abstract: since the 2003 in China since the reform of rural credit cooperatives, and implementation of various business has achieved great development in China, as in hainan province, the reform has already caused when reform social attention. The author analyzed in hainan financial ecological environment change background, promote the reform of rural credit cooperatives hainan favorable conditions and needs to solve problems, and put forward the corresponding countermeasures. Keywords: the reform of rural credit cooperatives, and measures China's rural credit cooperatives reform since 2003, the pilot since the implementation of business development by leaps and bounds, and made great achievements in China, and hainan provinces last for reform of rural credit cooperatives, when entering the substantive reform, has aroused wide attention of the society. The author believes that in the hainan financial ecological environment upheaval circumstance, seized an opportunity to promote hainan province, it is urgent to reform of rural credit cooperatives. Now, a push the reform of rural credit cooperatives hainan favorable conditions 1 the other provinces rural credit cooperatives reform can provide demonstration effect of hainan province. China has 29 provinces implemented the reform of management system of rural credit cooperatives, the figures show that the reform has made some progress. By the end of 2005, the total assets of financial institutions in rural cooperative 37206 billion yuan, one for each loan balances 22008 million yuan at the end of 2002, more than 8070 billion yuan, increasing growth 57.9%. Total liabilities 35553 billion yuan, including the balance 32626 billion yuan (the total financial institutions at the end of 2002), more than 10.8 percent increase 12751 64.2 billion yuan, up. At present, China's rural credit cooperatives has become the first four deposit breakthrough 30,000 billion yuan of financial institutions, the owner's equity has reached 1653 billion yuan, the end of 2002 add 1927 billion yuan. More than two years of reform of rural credit cooperatives over 10 consecutive years of losses, to raise capital adequacy ratio of 8%. [1], apparently, in other cities and provinces rural credit cooperatives reform can promote reform of rural credit cooperatives for hainan provide successful experience, such as reforms, increase endowment spread, digestive historical burden, the start-up capital, institutional setup and team building, coordinating the relationship problems can be using the experience of the reforms and brother provinces. 2 new socialist countryside construction to hainan for rural credit cooperatives reform brings opportunities. Construction of new socialist countryside is a major decision, it will make the implementation of rural areas of hainan reproduction, great changes. Agricultural intensification and commercialization of hainan province with the increase of agricultural structure adjustment, and raise the level of farmers' income, the rural financial resources will be further expanded. Therefore, the province of rural credit cooperatives, dump only as managing mechanism and perfect, can get used to accelerate the reform of socialist new rural construction, the need to better perform its functions. 3 the reform of rural credit cooperatives in hainan province has certain basis. In September of 2005, hainan's rural credit cooperatives reform officially approved by the state council on pilot provinces, though not enter the stage of reform, but with substantial operation of rural credit cooperatives reform of rural credit cooperatives, hainan province has achieved a preliminary results. Deadline of September 2006, the balance of rural credit cooperatives, 93 million yuan, nearly three years deposits increased 32 million yuan, 52% increase. In loans and record of September, 2006, the loan balances 51 billion yuan, nearly three years accumulative total issue of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" loan 40 billion yuan. Rural credit environment construction is the key step by step, and the end of September 2006, rural credit cooperatives altogether create credit village 89, the letter, user 3.3 support a large number of agricultural market, effectively help the increase in farmers' income. [2] in hainan province in recent years, rural credit cooperatives are in bad still-decent decreased year, internal system and mechanism and construction team, staff in the intense desire for reform. Above all, public confidence of rural credit cooperatives in hainan province is restored, rural credit cooperatives reform for the。

4.英语专业毕业论文中关于翻译著作的英文参考文献

没想到，还有人和我一样和找相关的参考文献：About Translation P. Newmark 《论翻译》A Practical Guide for Translators G. Samuelsson-Brown 《译者实用指南》Can Theory Help Translators? A Dialogue Between the Ivory Tower and the Wordface A. Chesterman & E. Wagner 《理论对译者有用吗？象牙塔与语言工作面之间的对话》Corpora in Translator Education F. Zanettin et al.《语料库与译者培养》Corpus-based Approaches to Contrastive Linguistics and Translation Studies S. Granger 《基于语料库的语言对比和翻译研究》Crosscultural Transgressions: Research Models in Translation studies Ⅱ， Historical and Ideological Issues T. Hermans 《跨文化侵越——翻译学研究模式（Ⅱ）：历史与意识形态问题》Electronic Tools for Translators F. Austermuhl 《译者的电子工具》Intercultural Fautlines: Research Models in Translation Studies Ⅰ， Textual and Cognitive Aspects M. Olohan 《超越文化断裂——翻译学研究模式（Ⅰ）：文本与认知的译学研究》Method in Translation History A.Pym 《翻译史研究方法》Text Analysis in Translation: Theory, Methodology, and Didactic Application of a Model for Translation- Orented Text Analysis(Second Edition) C. Nord 《翻译的文本分析模式：理论、方法及教学应用》（第二版） The Translator's Turn D. Robinson 《译者登场》Translated! Papers on Literary Translation and Translation Studies J.S. Holmes 《译稿杀青！文学翻译与翻译研究文集》Translating Literature: Practice and Theory in a Comparative Literature Context 《文学翻译：比较文学背景下的理论与实践》Translation and Empire : Postcolonial Theories Explained D. robinson 《翻译与帝国：后殖民理论解读》Translation and Language : Linguistic Theories Explained P.Fawcett 《翻译与语言：语言学理论解读》Translation and Literary Criticism: Translation as Analysis M.G. Rose 《翻译与文学批评：翻译作为分析手段》Translation and Nation : Towards a Cultural Politics of Englishness R. Ellis & L. Ley-Brown 《翻译与民族：英格兰的文化政治》Translation and Norms C. Schaffner 《翻译与规范》Translation and Norms C. Schaffner 《翻译，权力，颠覆》Translation Today: Trends and Perspectives G. Anderman & M.Rogers 《今日翻译：趋向与视角》Unity in Diversity? Current Trends in Translation Studies L. Bowker et al.《多元下的统一？当代翻译研究潮流》Western Translation Theory: from Herodotus to Nietzsche D. Robinson 《西方翻译理论：从希罗多德到尼采》以上全是外研社的，建议你挑几个.千万别全写上，一定穿帮。

5.毕业论文外文文献翻译

去百度文库，查看完整内容> 内容来自用户：秦园园毕业设计说明书英文文献及中文翻译班级：学号：姓名：学院：软件学院专业：指导教师：2014年6月英文文献出自《IBM System Journal,2006,44(2):33-37》作者：Malcolm DavisStruts——An Open-source MVC ImplementationThis article introduces Struts, a Model-View-Controller implementation that uses servlets and JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology. Struts can help you control change in your Web project and promote specialization. Even if you never implement a system with Struts, you may get some ideas for your future servlets and JSP page in grade school put HTML pages on the Internet. However, there is a monumental difference between a grade school page and a professionally developed Web site. The page designer (or HTML developer) must understand colors, the customer, product flow, page layout, browser compatibility, image creation, JavaScript, and more. Putting a great looking site together takes a lot of work, and most Java developers are more interested in creating a great looking object interface than a user interface. JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology provides the glue between the page designer and the Java developer.If you have work。

6.求助一篇毕业论文文献翻译部分的英文文献原文~~~

Sino-Japan Trade Relations The bilateral trade between China and Japan amounted to US$236 billion in 2007, reflecting an increase of 20.6 percent compared with the previous year, 33 times over the trade volume at the beginning of the reform and opening up. This vast volume and fast growth took place amid China'Given this background, it is of interest to speculate on what future prospects will be for the two neighbors' economic relations, and in particular, what has been special in their bilateral economic relations as well as what challenges lie ahead for them. I. Characteristics of Sino-Japanese Trade Bilateral diplomatic relations between the People's Republic of China and Japan were normalized in 1972, shortly after the United States President Richard Nixon visited Beijing but well before the normalization of U.S.-China relations in 1979. During the year immediately prior to Sino-Japanese diplomatic normalization, the two countries' bilateral trade stood at about 900 million dollars, approximately 4 percent of China's total external trade at the time. Normalization was quickly followed by a sharp rise in China's imports of Japanese goods, first mainly of textile goods and various machinery tools, and later of household electronics, cars and light trucks, etc. Sino-Japanese relations made considerable progress in the 1980s. Only a few years after China's reform and opening in 1978, Japanese brands of TV sets and cars flooded into Chinese markets, and ordinary Chinese consumers began to taste the products of western materialism. Surges in Chinese imports of Japanese goods, through various means and channels of trade, led China to accumulate serious trade deficits and to draw on her official foreign exchange reserves. This ultimately resulted in substantial Chinese currency devaluations throughout the 1980s. The growth of China's external trade dipped in 1989-1990 perhaps mainly due to various non-economic reasons, but the bilateral trade with Japan continued to expand at a steady rate. In 1993 Japan surpassed Hong Kong to become Chinese Mainland's largest trade partner, by official Chinese statistics, and it has remained so ever since. Overall, between 1990 and 2002, the growth of bilateral trade between China and Japan in dollar terms averaged 16.3 percent per annum, exceeding that of China's total external trade over the same period (15 percent). From 2000 to 2007, annual foreign trade volume increased by 16 percent. The fact that the growth in bilateral trade between China and Japan since the early 1990s has been rapid and more or less steady (except briefly for 1997-98), appears somehow unusual or even puzzling. First, during many of the years of the period, the Japanese economy and Japan's overall external trade had slowed down significantly compared to the 1980s. Second, as the Asian financial crisis hit many of the economies and their intraregional trade hard, bilateral trade between China and Japan suffered only a slight setback, if any, during the turbulent two years of 1997-98. Third, when the Japanese yen witnessed significant depreciations vis-à-vis the US dollar whilst Chinese Yuan continued steady peg to the US dollar during 1998 and 2000, China's Japanese imports/exports seemed not to have been reactive to the changes in the foreign exchange rates. In the case of 1998, China's exports to Japan did decrease by a moderate amount (a 7 percent fall), which was nonetheless proportionally smaller than the overall falling level in Japan's imports (an 11.4 percent fall). In the case of 2000, China's exports to Japan actually increased by a large amount, unscathed by any unfavorable moves in the currency markets. However, as long as the further appreciation of Chinese Yuan to US dollar, the pressure on exporting industry in China becomes more serious than ever before. These “unusuals” seem to suggest that there have been fundamental, structural driving forces behind the growth in the bilateral trade between China and Japan. Had Sino-Japanese economic relations been similar to other ordinary bilateral economic relations, a rather slower growth in the bilateral trade could have been expected instead. Moreover, even if (from a Chinese point of view) China's economy and trade have achieved a high growth record, it remains to be wondered why China's trade with Japan grew faster than her trade with the entire outside world since the early 1990s. II. The Sino-Japanese “Special Relationship” Right now, China has surpassed U.S. to be the largest trade partner to Japan, and Japan me。

毕业论文的英文文献翻译

毕业论文英文文献翻译膜方向

1.毕业论文的外文文献及翻译怎么弄

参考文献是在学术研究过程中，对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴.征引过的文献在注释中已注明，不再出现于文后参考文献中. 外文参考文献就是指论文是引用的文献原文是国外的，并非中国的。

原文就是指原作品，原件。即作者所写作品所用的语言。

如莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》原文是英语。译文就是翻译过来的文字，如在中国也可以找到莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的中文版本。

这个中文版本就称为译文回答者： xffjy - 见习魔法师三级 10-22 11:52。

2.英语专业毕业论文中关于翻译著作的英文参考文献

3.毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗

这个不用全部翻译的，只要选择自己需要的内容翻译。

翻译的外文文献可以是一篇，也可以是两篇，但英文字符要求不少于2万。选定外文文献后先给指导老师看，得到老师的确认通过后方可翻译。

扩展资料：

外文翻译需要注意的问题

1、外文文献的出处不要翻译成中文，且写在中文译文的右上角（不是放在页眉处）；会议要求：名称、地点、年份、卷（期），等。

2、作者姓名以及作者的工作单位也不用必须翻译。

3、abstract翻译成“摘要”，不要翻译成“文章摘要”等其他词语。

4、Key words翻译成“关键词” 。

5、introduction 翻译成“引言”（不是导言）。

6、注意排版格式，都是单排版，行距1.25，字号小4号，等（按照格式要求）。

7、各节的标号I、II等可以直接使用，不要再翻译成“第一部分”“第二部分”，等。

8、里面的图可以拷贝粘贴，但要将图标、横纵指标的英文标注翻译成中文。

9、里面的公式、表不可以拷贝粘贴，要自己重新录入、重新画表格。

参考资料：百度百科-毕业论文

4.本科毕业外文翻译的外文文献在哪找呢

去你们学校网站上进入图书馆的主页，里面找到知网的入口，在里面搜索跟你做的毕业设计相关的关键词，搜索硕士博士论文，下载下来，硕士博士论文的参考文献里引用有外文文献题目（入果想要没被翻译过的，就看文献的发表日期，发表日期越新就越不容易被人翻译过），然后看看你们学校图书馆有没有购买SCI、EI等外文数据库，有的话直接将刚才的外文文献题目复制到外文数据库里，搜索就可以下载了，如果没有购买外文数据库的话，那就试试百度、谷歌等网站上能不能搜到这个题目，或者找外校的同学求助。

5.英语专业翻译方向毕业论文如何选题

英语专业翻译方向毕业论文选题参考：

地方名胜古迹汉译英探析

语境在翻译中的作用

商标的翻译

广告语言的翻译

论英汉互译中的语义等值问题

中西文化差异与不可译性

英汉谚语的理解和翻译

浅谈颜色词在英语中的翻译

英语比喻性词语中文化内涵及翻译

英语意义否定表现法及其汉译

浅谈新闻标题的翻译

伟大的翻译家严复

英语长句汉译

简评《简•爱》的几种汉译本

英语专业本科论文所涉及的专业方向

（一）英语语言习得理论研究

该方向着重研究英语语言学及语言习得的相关理论与实践，可着重讨论某一种语言现象产生的原因及具体表现或某一语言理论在实际生活、教学中的运用。学生可以进行：

1.英语修辞研究；

2.文体研究；

3.英汉比较研究；

4.各类语体研究；

5.语法研究；

6.词汇研究等。

（二）教学理论与教学法

该方向主要研究英语教学的理论与实践以及相关的教学指导原则和具体的方法，选题应着重探讨英语教学的方法，可具体到某一课程的教学理念、策略和方法的应用及效度，现代教育技术在英语教学中的应用与探索。学生可以进行：

1.英语学习策略研究；

2.英语学习焦虑研究；

3.英语测试研究；

4.英语教学法研究；

5.英语教学策略研究；

6.计算机辅助英语教学研究等。

（三）商务英语文本研究

该方向着重研究商务英语文本文体，语言特点及相关的翻译实践问题。学生可以进行：

1.商务英语语言特征研究；

2.商务英语文体研究；

3.商务英语翻译理论研究；

4.商务英语翻译时间探讨；

5.商务英语翻译标准探讨等。

（四）翻译理论与实践

该方向着重研究英汉互译过程中的口、笔译理论、翻译标准、原则、方法及技巧。论文选题可选择评论赏析某一翻译家或某一本（篇）著名的译作，或论述某一种翻译理论的技巧在实践中的运用，也可讨论某一翻译现象中所反映的文化内涵。学生可以进行：

1.翻译理论研究；

2.翻译家研究；

3.翻译史研究；

4.文学翻译研究；

5.非文学翻译研究；

6.翻译过程研究；

7.翻译批评研究；

8.翻译的接受与影响研究；

9.翻译教学研究；

10.翻译标准研究；

11.典籍翻译研究等。

（五）英美人文与历史研究

该方向主要研究英美国家的社会、文化、人文、历史各个方面的具体内容，既可宏观也可微观地研究或比较英美国家的某一历史阶段的社会问题或文化现象或评论某一历史事件或历史人物，或跨文化交际方面的相关内容。学生可以进行：

1.英美社会制度、社会问题研究；

2.英美历史问题、历史人物研究；

3.英美文化现象研究；

4.西方宗教研究；

5.西方影视作品研究；

6.跨文化交际研究等。

（六）英美文学研究

该方向主要研究英美文学史及各时期的文学流派，作家，作品的文体与写作风格。论文可选择做某一文学理论或作家作品的分析、评论，比较中西文学作品或作家，分析作品中的主题或人物角色。学生可以进行：

1.文学流派研究；

2.作家研究；

3.作品评论或分析；

4.文学批评理论研究；

5.中西文学作品的比较研究等。

6.我是英语专业的,要写本科毕业论文,关于翻译方面的,什么方向什么

答辩后会评选优秀毕业论文，如果你想争取这个的话，最好选择语言学方向的题目，因为语言学是比较难的，写这个课题的人很少，大多数人选的都是翻译和文学方向。

我毕业时写的是旅游景点名称的翻译问题及解决办法，个人认为这个题目是在翻译中不常见的，没想到书籍资料就不是很好找，有些网上扒来的导师不认可，还让亲自去找错误，所以题目一定要选对，不要给自己挖陷阱，选了题目上报之后再想改就没那么容易了。一般写翻译的都会用到翻译大师尤金奈达的翻译理论--功能对等，答辩的时候答辩组老师一定会问你这个问题，你要是不看这本书把理论吃透，答不好就可能被认为是抄袭。

还有其他种种问题啊。看到你的补充，具体的情况可以给我的Hi留言，我会第一时间回复你的。

毕业论文英文文献翻译膜方向

毕业论文题目英文如何翻译

1.急求毕业论文题目的英文翻译

Abstract: Today, with the continuous developing of international economic communion, the pace of set up economic globalization is accelerating. China as an important pillar of world economy, the trend of economic integration with the world to a further strengthens. China's foreign trade enterprises are rapidly development and growth after China entering the WTO. But in recent years, under the affect of the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis, the global economy is in a financial crisis. Many import and export enterprises in China are faced with layoffs, mergers or even bankruptcy. The pressure for foreign trade enterprises to survival and development to be unprecedented stressed out. Whether from a realistic or a historical point of view, it has very important theoretical and practical significance to adjustment the internal management and seeks a new model actively to survival and development for foreign trade enterprises. In this paper, it is first has a brief summarize of the international economic environment and historical cases which under the financial crisis, then analysis the predicament and pressure of China's foreign trade enterprises which under the current financial crisis. At the end, it provides a method for China's foreign trade enterprises to optimize their management and a solution to seek survival and development. [Key words]: International Economic Financial Crisis Foreign Trade Enterprise Optimize the Structure of Enterprise。

2.英语专业毕业论文题目,翻译方向

提供一些英语专业翻译方向的论文题目，供参考。

商务合同英汉互译技巧

英文品牌汉译

知识对于翻译的重要性

中英文化差异及其对英汉互译的消极影响

英语广告中修辞手法的应用及其翻译

>金陵判词两种译文的比较及评析

从红楼梦诗词翻译看翻译中的文化补偿

关于李后主“虞美人”的3种英译本的鉴赏

跨文化交际与商标翻译

中式菜肴的命名与翻译

浅谈英语电影片名的翻译

英文电影片名的翻译策略

英文化妆品广告之美学翻译

数字在中西文化中的内涵差异及数字习语翻译初探

浅析原语文本在目标语文本中文体的适应性

英语习用语翻译中的等效性研究

论语境在英汉翻译中的作用

浅析英语动画片翻译的基本原则

中英服饰广告的翻译

论英汉翻译中语篇连贯的重要性

论译者的风格与译风

经济英语中的隐喻及其翻译

从翻译的美学角度浅析旅游资料的中英译

3.英语专业翻译方向毕业论文如何选题

英语专业翻译方向毕业论文选题参考：

地方名胜古迹汉译英探析

语境在翻译中的作用

商标的翻译

广告语言的翻译

论英汉互译中的语义等值问题

中西文化差异与不可译性

英汉谚语的理解和翻译

浅谈颜色词在英语中的翻译

英语比喻性词语中文化内涵及翻译

英语意义否定表现法及其汉译

浅谈新闻标题的翻译

伟大的翻译家严复

英语长句汉译

简评《简•爱》的几种汉译本

英语专业本科论文所涉及的专业方向

（一）英语语言习得理论研究

1.英语修辞研究；

2.文体研究；

3.英汉比较研究；

4.各类语体研究；

5.语法研究；

6.词汇研究等。

（二）教学理论与教学法

1.英语学习策略研究；

2.英语学习焦虑研究；

3.英语测试研究；

4.英语教学法研究；

5.英语教学策略研究；

6.计算机辅助英语教学研究等。

（三）商务英语文本研究

该方向着重研究商务英语文本文体，语言特点及相关的翻译实践问题。学生可以进行：

1.商务英语语言特征研究；

2.商务英语文体研究；

3.商务英语翻译理论研究；

4.商务英语翻译时间探讨；

5.商务英语翻译标准探讨等。

（四）翻译理论与实践

1.翻译理论研究；

2.翻译家研究；

3.翻译史研究；

4.文学翻译研究；

5.非文学翻译研究；

6.翻译过程研究；

7.翻译批评研究；

8.翻译的接受与影响研究；

9.翻译教学研究；

10.翻译标准研究；

11.典籍翻译研究等。

（五）英美人文与历史研究

1.英美社会制度、社会问题研究；

2.英美历史问题、历史人物研究；

3.英美文化现象研究；

4.西方宗教研究；

5.西方影视作品研究；

6.跨文化交际研究等。

（六）英美文学研究

1.文学流派研究；

2.作家研究；

3.作品评论或分析；

4.文学批评理论研究；

5.中西文学作品的比较研究等。

4.学术论文题目的英文翻译方法

去百度文库，查看完整内容> 内容来自用户：xiegao614 学术论文题目的英文翻译方法题目（title）是论文内容的高度概括，它对读者具有影响力，可使读者首先明确论文研究的主题。

其特点是简明扼要，严密朴实，生动醒目，突出主题。为了适应学术论文传播现代化的需要，扩大学术交流，如今国内正式出版的学术期刊和毕业论文一般都要求附有论文的英文题目，有的还需附英文摘要和关键词。

有些作者由于很少进行中译英的实践，常常觉得有些陌生、为难。笔者在此结合自己的工作经验，对论文题目的英译谈几点看法。

1、论文题目英译应注意的问题在翻译汉语论文题目时，除了做到忠实原文，言简意赅，还应注意以下几个问题。 1.1抓住中心词。

汉语论文题目的特点是先冠以一大堆修饰语，用作题目的词组通常采用偏正结构，最后点出中心词。而英语中则往往是先突出其中心词，然后附加一些修饰语。

因此，在英译论文题目时，首先要找到中心词，并将其放在突出的位置上，然后找出与这中心词有关的词和词组，并用连词或介词连结，使之成为一个短语。例如：（1）翻译教材中译例的编选原则 Principles of Illustrative Examples in Com-piling Translation Textbooks 这个题目的中心词是“原则”，英译时首先将中心词。

毕业论文题目英文如何翻译

配送中心毕业论文英文文献以及翻译

1.关于电子商务环境下物流配送方面的英文文献

楼上这位的英文文献是google华文文献而来的，很不通顺。

电子商务环境下物流配送 Logistics Distribution under E-business Environment 楼上译成了E-business environment under the logistics and distribution 电子商务环境下的物流配送摘要：本文从阐述电子商务与物流配送的相互关系出发，就如何建立与我国国情发展相适应的物流配送模式，降低物流成本，提高配送效率，解决配送问题进行探讨。关键词：电子商务；物流配送；第三方物流在互联网技术的不断发展及全球电子商务大环境的引导下，跨国物流和跨区域物流更加频繁，对物流的需求也更加强烈。

但电子商务在我国的发展却具有其不成熟性的特点，物流基础设施及技术水平落后，供应商（或制造商）以及客户之间没有形成供应链，配送效率低下，所以电子商务要在中国继续发展必须解决——"物流瓶颈"。一、电子商务与物流配送电子商务是在Internet开放的网络环境下，基于浏览器/服务器的应用方式，实现消费者的网上购物、企业之间的网上交易和在线电子支付的一种新型的交易方式。

电子商务与传统商务本质区别，就是它以数字化网络为基础进行商品、货币和服务交易，目的在于减少信息社会的商业中间环节，缩短周期，降低成本，提高经营效率，提高服务质量，使企业有效地参与竞争。物流配送定位在为电子商务的客户提供服务，根据电子商务的特点，对整个物流配送体系实行统一的信息管理和调度，按照用户订货要求，在物流基地进行理货工作，并将配好的货物送交收货人的一种物流方式。

这一先进的、优化的流通方式对流通企业提高服务质量、降低物流成本、优化社会库存配置，从而提高企业的经济效益及社会效益具有重要意义。二、电子商务环境下的物流配送模式发展现代物流配送，是转变经济增长方式，促进经济增长由粗放型向集约型转变的需要。

过去我国长期实行计划经济体制，几乎每个工业企业都建立了仓库、车队负责包装、运输等业务，大而全、小而全、粗放管理问题比较突出，造成企业原材料和产成品库存过大，占压大量资金；自备仓储和自备运输利用率低，成本过高；销售配送体系不健全，产品实体分配效率不能满足售后和服务要求。市场经济条件下，企业要在激烈的竞争中站稳脚跟，必须集中精力发展其核心业务，对传统的物流管理模式进行改革，提高物流管理的社会化和组织程度，变粗放管理为集约经营，才能使企业真正适应市场经济的发展。

发展现代物流配送，是适应加入WTO，提高企业市场竞争能力的需要。目前世界上大多数地区，约1/3的物流运作是承包给第三方的，发达国家甚至达5-8成。

而我国的物流服务行业竞争力很弱，没有形成一定的规模优势和资本优势，服务质量与国外企业相比也存在着很大差距。加入WTO后，根据协议，我国将进一步开放物流服务行业，国外成熟的物流企业会大举进入我国，因此，面对经济全球化趋势和我国加入WTO的挑战，实施物流改造，发展现代物流配送是企业参与竞争，赢得竞争优势的必然选择。

在电子商务条件下，构建我国物流配送体系，可以有以下三种模式：一是电子商务与传统商务共用一套物流系统；二是由电子商务企业组建自己的物流系统；三是电子商务企业将所有的物流业务以外包的形式委托第三方物流企业运作。所谓第三方物流是指根据供应商或销售商的委托，由供应商和销售商以外的第三方负责对物流的中间环节进行有效管理，提供从货源供应到最终商品销售之间的全方位物流服务。

鉴于发达国家的成功经验和目前我国物流业的发展状况，我认为，委托第三方物流企业运作是我国电子商务企业最理想的物流模式。其理由如下：（1）物流通常不是大多数的电子商务企业的核心业务，电子商务企业把物流业务运作外包于第三方物流企业，可以把资源集中在自身的核心竞争力业务上，以获取最大的投资回报。

（2）第三方物流企业拥有发达的物流网络和针对不同物流市场的专业能力，包括运输、仓储和其它增值服务，同时第三方物流企业还拥有信息技术，他们与独立的软件供应商结盟或者开发了内部信息系统，这使其能够最大限度地利用运输和分销网络，有效进行跨运输方式的货物追踪。（3）第三方物流企业具有规模经济优势。

由于其可以从运输商那里大批量购买运输能力，然后集中配载许多客户的货物，大幅度降低单位运输成本。（4）通过“共享租用”模型，多个电子商务企业可以共享分发和售后服务。

外包也缓和了内部物流执行并减少建造和装备仓库。内部完成电子物流费用高，耗时多，并且由于不具备第三方的专业技术，许多公司会严重损害花很多时间建立的客户关系。

诚然，第三方物流企业的运作不仅要针对生产厂家能否合理经营并优化库存结构，还要针对客户，保证商品来源于最佳路线，以切实降低物流成本，提高产品附加值，同时真正使客户省钱，省力，省时。三、我国发展第三方物流应注意的问题（1）物流业务的范围不断扩大。

商业机构和各大公司面对日趋激烈的竞争不得不将主要经理放在核心业务，将运输、仓储等相关业务环节交由更专业的物流企业进行操作，以求节。

2.如何寻找毕业论文中的英文文献及翻译

先找中文文献，在用谷歌在线翻译翻，

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。

2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）

3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。

4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。

主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。

5、论文正文：

(1)引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义，并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。

〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：

a.提出-论点；

b.分析问题-论据和论证；

c.解决问题-论证与步骤；

d.结论。

6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。

中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是：

(1)所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。

(2)所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

3.毕业论文外文文献翻译

4.大四,做毕业论文,想找一篇英文文献及翻译,与新闻有关,3000字左

With the rapid development of the network, the financial network has become an irresistible trend in the world, simple to say that the financial networks that use the Internet, with financial management as the core, business management and financial management integration, to achieve various remote operation, simple, efficient handling all types of economic activities. Network Finance in China is still not mature enough, must solve existing problems and propose solutions to response measures, and eventually realize the real meaning of the financial network.。

5.求助一篇毕业论文文献翻译部分的英文文献原文~~~

配送中心毕业论文英文文献以及翻译

会计毕业论文英文文献及翻译

1.会计论文相关的英语参考文献

去百度文库，查看完整内容>内容来自用户：三一教学考试三一文库（）/毕业论文/论文格式财务会计论文英文参考文献下面是xx小编为你精心编辑整理的财务会计论文英文参考文献，希望对你有所帮助，更多精彩内容，请点击上方相关栏目查看，谢谢！ ⑴aicpa,1994,"improving business reporting:a customs focus". ⑵fasb,XX,"improving business reporting:insights into enhancing voluntarydisclosures". ⑶storey and teague,1995,"foundation of accounting theory and policy",the dryden press. ⑷previts and merino,1979,"a history of accounting in american",john wiletson press. ⑸scott,1997,"financial accounting theory",prentice-hall publishing company.. ⑺upton,XX,"business and financial reporting,challenges from the new economy",fasb. ⑻zeff and dharan,1994,"readings and notes on financial accounting:issues and controversies", mcgraw-hill company. 外文经典文献： watts , ross , and jerold l. zimmerman. toward a positive theory of determination of accounting standards .the accounting review (jan 1978) watts , ross , and jerold l. zimmerman. positive accounting theory: a ten year perspective. the accounting review (jan 1990) sorter , george h.an event approach to basic a。

2.会计论文相关的英语参考文献

去百度文库，查看完整内容>

内容来自用户：三一教学考试

三一文库（）/毕业论文/论文格式财务会计论文英文参考文献下面是xx小编为你精心编辑整理的财务会计论文英文参考文献，希望对你有所帮助，更多精彩内容，请点击上方相关栏目查看，谢谢！

⑴aicpa,1994,"improving business reporting:a customs focus".

⑵fasb,XX,"improving business reporting:insights into enhancing voluntarydisclosures".

⑶storey and teague,1995,"foundation of accounting theory and policy",the dryden press.

⑷previts and merino,1979,"a history of accounting in american",john wiletson press.

⑸scott,1997,"financial accounting theory",prentice-hall publishing company..

⑺upton,XX,"business and financial reporting,challenges from the new economy",fasb.

⑻zeff and dharan,1994,"readings and notes on financial accounting:issues and controversies", mcgraw-hill company.

外文经典文献：

watts , ross , and jerold l. zimmerman. toward a positive theory of determination of accounting standards .the accounting review (jan 1978)

watts , ross , and jerold l. zimmerman. positive accounting theory: a ten year perspective. the accounting review (jan 1990)

sorter , george h.an event approach to basic a

3.找会计的英文参考文献

1.娄尔行：《基础会计学》，上海财经大学出版社2000年版。

2.朱小平：《初级会计学》，中国人民大学出版社2002年版。

3.陈少华：《会计学原理》，厦门大学出版社2002年版。

4.吴水澎：《会计学原理》，辽宁人民出版社2001年版。

5.财政部《企业会计制度》经济科学出版社2001年版。

6.[美]罗伯特·N.安索尼詹姆斯·S.里斯朱利·H.赫特斯坦：《会计学教程与案例》，北京大学出版社2000年版。

7.[美]查尔斯·T·亨格瑞、[美]瓦特·T·哈里森、[美]米切尔·A·罗宾逊：《会计学》第三版上，中国人民大学出版社。

8.乔世震：《会计案例》，中国财经出版社1999年版。

9.陈今池《现代会计理论概论》立信会计出版社1993年版。

10.汤云为、钱逢胜：《会计理论》，上海财经大学出版社1997年版。

11.葛家澍、林志军：《现代西方会计理论》厦门大学出版社2001年版。

12.黄明、郭大伟、刘俊琴：《企业会计模拟实验教程》，东北财经大学出版社2002年版。

附件：KjxCkwx.doc

4.会计的英文参考文献

short-term investments - stock short-term investments - short-term notes and bills short-term investments - government bonds 1124 短期投资 -受益凭证 short-term investments - beneficiary certificates 1125 短期投资 -公司债 short-term investments - corporate bonds 1128 短期投资 -其它 short-term investments - other 1129 备抵短期投资跌价损失 allowance for reduction of short-term investment to market。

5.求会计类论文英文5个参考文献

求会计类论文英文5个参考文献

QQ 搜

1134++++6343++++77

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代写毕业论文包通过！！代写职称论文包发表！！

【我们的代写/代发优势】本联盟汇集所有行业近30名兼职专家教授学者，学历均在硕士以上，文章质量绝对有保证。出自本联盟的每篇文章都是原创，版权归客户所有，而且绝对为顾客保密。我们跟各行业学术期刊均有业务联系，任何学科的论文均可保证发表。

【我们的代写/代发范围】毕业论文外语论文中级职称论文、高级职称论文、学术论文、公务员论文、本科论文、硕士论文、博士论文、办公文书、演讲稿、报告总结、各种文体互译等服务。

6.急~~谁帮忙找篇关于会计的英文文献啊翻译成一千字的中文··谢谢

Principles of Accounting 的introduction ACCOUNTING INFORMATION You likely have a general concept of what accountants do. They capture information about the transactions and events of a business, and summarize that activity in reports that are used by persons interested in the entity. But, you likely do not realize the complexity of accomplishing this task. It involves a talented blending of technical knowledge and measurement artistry that can only be fully appreciated via extensive study of the subject. The best analogy is to say that you probably know what a heart surgeon does, but you no doubt appreciate that considerable knowledge and skill is needed to successfully treat a patient. If you were studying to be a surgeon, you would likely begin with some basic anatomy class. In this chapter, you will begin your study of accounting by looking at the overall structure of accounting and the basic anatomy of reporting.Be advised that a true understanding of accounting does not come easily. It only comes with determination and hard work. But, if you persevere, you will be surprised at what you discover about accounting. Knowledge of accounting is very valuable to business success. And, once you conquer the basics, accounting is actually quite an interesting subject. ACCOUNTING DEFINED: It seems fitting to begin with a more formal definition of accounting: Accounting is a set of concepts and techniques that are used to measure and report financial information about an economic unit. The economic unit is generally considered to be a separate enterprise. The information is potentially reported to a variety of different types of interested parties. These include business managers, owners, creditors, governmental units, financial analysts, and even employees. In one way or another, these users of accounting information tend to be concerned about their own interests in the entity. Business managers need accounting information to make sound leadership decisions. Investors hold out hope for profits that may eventually lead to distributions from the business (e.g., "dividends"). Creditors are always concerned about the entity's ability to repay its obligations. Governmental units need information to tax and regulate. Analysts use accounting data to form their opinions on which they base their investment recommendations. Employees want to work for successful companies to further their individual careers, and they often have bonuses or options tied to enterprise performance. Accounting information about specific entities helps satisfy the needs of all these interested parties.The diversity of interested parties leads to a logical division in the discipline of accounting: financial accounting and managerial accounting. Financial accounting is concerned with external reporting of information to parties outside the firm. In contrast, managerial accounting is primarily concerned with providing information for internal management. You may have some trouble seeing why a distinction is needed; after all aren't we just reporting financial facts? Let's look closer at the distinctions.FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING: Consider that financial accounting is targeted toward a broad base of external users, none of whom control the actual preparation of reports or have access to underlying details. Their ability to understand and have confidence in reports is directly dependent upon standardization of the principles and practices that are used to prepare the reports. Without such standardization, reports of different companies could be hard to understand and even harder to compare. As a result, there are well organized processes to bring consistency and structure to financial reporting. In the United States, a private sector group called the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is primarily responsible for developing the rules that form the foundation of financial reporting. With the increase in global trade, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has been steadily gaining prominence as a global accounting rule setter.Financial reports prepared under the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) promulgated by such standard setting bodies are intended to be general purpose in orientation. This means they are not prepared especially for owners, or creditors, or any other particular user group. Instead, they are intended to be equally useful for all user groups. As such, attempts are made to keep them free from bias (neutral).MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING: In sharp contrast to financial accounting, managerial accounting information is intended to serve the specific needs of 。

7.求会计毕业论文摘要的英文翻译

摘要：Abstract:

随着现代社会经济的发展，经过近十年的发展，我国注册会计师行业从无到有，其地位和作用日益被社会所认识，注册会计师队伍也稳步发展，其服务领域也从单纯的查帐验资逐步发展到会计报表审计，验资、设计会计制度，提供管理咨询、代理纳税申报等各个方面。With the development of modern social economy China's Certified Public Account (CPA)profession has grown gradually from nothing through the development for near ten years, its position and roles have been increasingly recognized by the society, and the ranks of CPA has also grown steadily. Now the service scope of CPA has been gradually expanded from simple capital adult and capital verification to various aspects such as adult of accounting statement, capital veriation, design of accounting systems,providing managemeent consultancy,acting tax returns.虽然我国的会计市场已经逐渐地建立起来，但社会的发展使注册会计师行业面临着激烈的竞争，其中往往伴随着不公平竞争，这一系列恶性竞争为我国注册会计师执业质量、公众形象、行业的壮大、财务信息使用者的利益带来了极大的影响。规范管理，建立公平竞争会计服务市场成为了当前注册会计师行业的当务之急。Although China's accounting market has been established gradually, the CPA profession is facing keen competition owing to the social development, of which unfair competitions often can be seen. Such kinds of malicious competitian bring about tremendous impact on the work quality, public image,and growth of CPA, as well as the benefits of financial information users. Consequently, to standardize the management and establish fairly competitive accounting services market has become a current priority of the CPA profession.

关键词：会计市场竞争影响规范管理

Key Words: accounting market, competition,

impact, standardized management

8.关于企业财务分析的相关英文参考文献

1、Christian Gollier. Discounting an uncertain future .Journal of Public Economics, 2002

2、LEBAS MICHEL,EUSKE KEN. A Conceptual and Operational Delineation of Performance .Business Performance Measurement Theory and Practice. 2002, :89-93 .

3、Charles T.Horngren.Introduction to Management Accounting.Prentice Hall.1998

9.会计毕业论文英语摘要翻译

In reform and opening up, China's economy gradually developed today, With the growing number of private enterprises as well as a fairly good development of private enterprises have emerged. Accounting Accounting Oversight as one of the basic functions of China's economic system of supervision of the important components. I Liu Zhengqing the Tannery Ltd. small private enterprises as an example start of the accounting oversight system, While consolidating their professional knowledge to increase their professional knowledge and the accounting knowledge and understanding, the other is also beneficial to the future path of accounting positions, the right to do their own accounting played a self-restraint and the role of supervision. This paper is to introduce a system of accounting concepts, it should form a concept. Then listed the domestic and international supervision of the implementation of the accounting system and examples of successful not because of the accounting oversight and attention to efficiency units loss example. With these two contrasting examples, Liu Zhengqing will look at the Tannery Limited private enterprise accounting system, and its analysis, identify its accounting system problems exist, then tries to find solutions to these problems and advice. To the small private enterprises accounting system exists in the analysis of mapping out some private enterprises common problems and proposed solutions to these problems recommendations or ideas.

希望对你有所帮助，祝你成功！

会计毕业论文英文文献及翻译

java毕业论文英文文献

1.求四篇关于java的外国文献,用到毕设里的参考文献的

您好，java的外文文献原文

你附得的是基本要求。

既然写就得按要求给出处理。

Now, the grievance that Gosling was airing was that he felt that this company would take technology from other companies and suborn it for their own purposes. But guess what? The shoe is on the other foot here. The Java community did not invent the idea of designing pages as a mixture of static HTML and dynamic code marked with special tags. For example, Cold Fusion did it years earlier. Even ASP (a product from the very software company of the aforementioned manager) popularized this approach before JSP came along and decided to jump on the bandwagon. In fact, JSP not only adopted the general idea, it even used many of the same special tags as ASP did. The JSP is an establishment at the model of Java servlets on of the expression layer technique, it makes the plait write the HTML to become more simple.Be like the SSJS, it also allows you carry the

static state HTML contents and servers the script mix to put together the born dynamic state exportation. JSP the script language that the Java is the tacit approval, however, be like the ASP and can use other languages( such as JavaScript and VBScript), the norm of JSP also allows to use other

languages.

2.有关java方面的英文参考文献

原发布者：唐糖糖

java英文参考文献篇一：外文参考文献译文及原文本科毕业设计（论文）外文参考文献译文及原文学院_____计算机学院______ 专业___计算机科学与技术___ 年级班别____2009级（1）班__ 学号学生姓名_______________ 指导教师______________ 2013年5月目录译文：前言。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。..1 第一章微软.NET平台的介绍。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。.3 1.1简介。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。..3 1.1.1.NET平台简介。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。3 1.1.2微软的.NET和WINDOWS的基因。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。..4 1.1.3微软.NET体系结构。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。.4 1.1.4.NET平台的特点。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。..4 1.1.5多

3.谁有关于java三大框架有关的近五年的外文文献,帮忙推荐几个,我

童鞋你好！

这个估计需要自己搜索了！

网上基本很难找到免费给你服务的！

我在这里给你点搜索国际上常用的外文数据库：

----------------------------------------------------------

❶ISI web of knowledge Engineering Village2

❷Elsevier SDOL数据库 IEEE/IEE(IEL)

❸EBSCOhost RSC英国皇家化学学会

❹ACM美国计算机学会 ASCE美国土木工程师学会

❺Springer电子期刊 WorldSciNet电子期刊全文库

❻Nature周刊 NetLibrary电子图书

❼ProQuest学位论文全文数据库

❽国道外文专题数据库 CALIS西文期刊目次数据库

❾推荐使用ISI web of knowledge Engineering Village2

-----------------------------------------------------------

中文翻译得自己做了，实在不成就谷歌翻译。

弄完之后，自己阅读几遍弄顺了就成啦！

学校以及老师都不会看这个东西的！

外文翻译不是论文的主要内容！

所以，很容易过去的！

祝你好运！

4.求一篇关于JAVA或者JMF的英文文献

//英文原文自己找一下把Java媒体架构（JMF）Java媒体架构（JMF）是一个令人激动的通用的API，它允许Java开发者用许多不同的方法处理媒体。

本指南主要通过使用工作的例子提供一个JMF的一些主要的特征的概述。阅读完本指南后，你将会明白JMF体系结构中的主要播放功能。

你同样能正确的使用JMF，使用现存的例子和可为更多特殊功能扩展的源代码。本指南包含着以下主题：· 下载和安装JMF· 主要的JMF类以及它们在JMF体系结构中的应用· 播放本地的媒体文件· 为媒体的存取和操作制作以和图形用户界面（GUI）· 通过网络传播媒体· 通过网络接收媒体几乎所有的媒体类型的操作和处理都可以通过JMF来实现。

全面的讨论JMF所提供的所有特征已经超过了本指南的范围，我们将使用三个简单的媒体应用程序来学习此框架的构建模块。通过这个方法，本指南将为你未来学习和实施更多特殊的应用提供准备。

我应该使用此指南吗？本指南会带你学习使用JMF工作的基础。为完成这些，我们会创建三个的独立工作的例程序。

每个例子都会建立前一个例子的基础上，显示JMF功能性的不同方面。在本指南中的例子假定你曾经使用过并且已经熟悉了Java程序语言。

除了Java核心和JMF的类之外，我们会使用一些Java AWT和Swing类（用于创建GUI），也会有一些Java网络类（用于在网络中传输媒体）。对GUI和网络类一些熟悉有助于你更快的明白观点和这里的例子，但并非是阅读本指南必须的。

我们将学习的例程序如下· 一个简单的音频播放器（JMF的HelloWorld应用）：这个字符界面的播放器通过在命令行中简单的输入媒体文件的名字就可以播放大多数的音频类型。此音频播放器的演示大体上显示了JMF的特有的类。

· 一个图形界面的媒体播放器：我们将使用JMF内置的接口组件来建立图形界面，所以在此练习中必须有一些图形界面的编程经验。这个媒体阅览器演示使用了一些Java AWT和Swing类来为用户显示图形组件。

· 一个媒体广播应用：此应用程序允许一个本地媒体文件通过网络传播。此程序能灵活的使媒体只传输到指定的网络节点，或者传输到一个子网络中的所有节点。

此演示使用了一些Java的网络APIs来在网络中传输媒体。作为第三个练习的一部分，我们将修改图形界面的播放器，让其能接收并且播放媒体。

跳至23页观看Resources，文章，指南，和其他参考书目的列表，这会帮助你学习到更到关于此指南包括的主题。安装需求要运行此指南中的例程序，你需要如下的工具和组件：· Java 2 平台，标准版，编译和运行演示程序· Java媒体框架，版本2.1.1a或者更高· 一块已经安装并且配置号的适当的声卡· 一台或者多台测试机器· 演示的源代码文件在mediaplayer.jar中最后的一个演示应用显示了JMF在网络中的应用。

如果需要，此演示能运行在一个独立的机器上，使用此机器即是传输方也是接收方。可是要观察到在网络中使用JMF的所有功能，你仍然需要至少两台联网的机器。

在23页中的Resources可下载Java 2平台，完整的源代码文件，以及其他一些完成本指南所需要的工具。下载安装文件将JMF安装到你的计算机中的第一步是在JMF的主页中下载安装文件，它同样包括了JMF源代码和API文档的链接。

23页的Resources中有下载JMF的链接。目前，JMF有Windows, Solaris, Linux等版本，以及可运行在任何装有虚拟机的计算机上一个纯Java版本。

为了增加性能，你需要下载一个与你操作系统所适应的版本。任何在一个操作系统JMF版本下书写和编译的代码都可以方便的移植到另外的操作系统上。

例如，如果你下载了一个Solaris版本的JMF并且编译了一个类，这些类就可以在Linux上使用，不会有任何问题。作为选择，你可以选择下载纯Java版本，或者跨平台版本的JMF。

这些版本没有使用操作系统特有的库文件。如果没有合适的JMF版本适合的操作系统，那么跨平台版本就是一个不错的选择。

安装JMF下载完JMF安装程序后，双击安装程序的图标。大部分安装程序都会有个选项，安装本地库到系统目录中；例如，Windows版本安装程序会有一个选项“Move DLLs to Windows/System directory.”。

最好将此选项选中，因为它能确保这些操作系统的库文件能正确的安装在安装的过程中，你还需要选择项目来更新系统的CLASSPATH和PATH变量。如果这些选项被关闭，那么在你编译和运行本指南的例程序的时候就需要在classpath中引入JMF的jar文件。

关于作者Eric Olson在Retek Inc工作的软件工程师。它在Java平台上有四年的工作经验，并且在不同的基于Java的技术上富有经验，包括JMF, Jini, Jiro, JSP, servlets, and EJBs。

Eric毕业于St. Paul, MN的St. Thomas大学，获得计算机科学的学位。他在IBM的SanFrancisco项目组工作，负责WebSphere商业组件。

他同时再为Imation Corp.工作，负责存储应用。现在，他正在开发零售行业的基于web的软件解决方案。

再业余的时间，Eric和PaulMonday在Stereo Beacon上合作—一个分布式的点对点的基于JMF的媒体播放器。联系Eric zpalffy@yahoo.com.第二节. 一个简单的音频播放器浏览在本节。

5.我做的毕业设计是跟JAVA相关的题目,现在在做外文文献翻译,求教

你可以按下面注册监听器（楼主是做事件处理吧）：

1、会在网络内容（楼主使用的内容类）初始化、销毁时接到 ServletContextEvent 事件对象，即传入 ServletContextEvent 对象。

2、会在网络内容属性（楼主使用的内容类属性）添加、移除、替换时接到

事件对象，即传入对象。

楼主，这是非常基础的接口文档说明，不能不懂，还是把JAVA的基础结构，例如以上设计的事件处理机制好好熟悉，即使不懂以上内容，也可以类比图形事件处理。

6.关于java的英文文献,出版社是外国的

作者： Bruce Tate

出版社： Manning Publications

出版年： 2002-04

Effective Java Programming Language Guide

作者： Joshua Bloch

出版社： Addison-Wesley Professional

出版年： 05 June, 2001

Thinking in Java (3rd Edition)

作者： Bruce Eckel

出版社： Prentice Hall PTR

出版年： 2002-12-06

Effective Java: Second Edition

作者： Joshua Bloch

出版社： Addison-Wesley

出版年： 2008-05-28

Head First Java, 2nd Edition

作者： Kathy Sierra / Bert Bates / Sierra Kathy / Bates Bert

出版社： O'Reilly Media

出版年： 2005-02-09

7.急求毕业论文的外文翻译文献

去百度文库，查看完整内容>内容来自用户：秦园园毕业设计说明书英文文献及中文翻译班级：学号：姓名：学院：软件学院专业：指导教师：2014年6月英文文献出自《IBM System Journal,2006,44(2):33-37》作者：Malcolm DavisStruts——An Open-source MVC ImplementationThis article introduces Struts, a Model-View-Controller implementation that uses servlets and JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology. Struts can help you control change in your Web project and promote specialization. Even if you never implement a system with Struts, you may get some ideas for your future servlets and JSP page in grade school put HTML pages on the Internet. However, there is a monumental difference between a grade school page and a professionally developed Web site. The page designer (or HTML developer) must understand colors, the customer, product flow, page layout, browser compatibility, image creation, JavaScript, and more. Putting a great looking site together takes a lot of work, and most Java developers are more interested in creating a great looking object interface than a user interface. JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology provides the glue between the page designer and the Java developer.If you have work。

8.毕业论文外文文献翻译

9.J2EE参考文献,中英文对照,毕业论文用的

官全龙，姚国祥. 基于Struts的应用架构的研究[J]. 计算机工程与设计， 2005, 26(12): 3225-3227.

张桂元，贾燕枫. Struts开发入门与项目实践[M]. 人民邮电出版社， 2005 (9)

曾陈萍，李怀杰.“Analysis of Framework Based on J2EE of Realizing E - Commerce”〔J〕. 西昌学院学报（自然科学版）， no.3, pp 03-10, 2006

孙卫琴. 精通Struts：基于MVC的Java Web设计与开发.北京：电子工业出版社，2004.08

10.高分求J2EE英文文献

Maximize J2EE and database interoperability for performanceThe right APM tool can improve the interoperability between your application's J2EE and database tiersBy Robert Maness, JavaWorld.com, 02/28/05Things are not going well at Continental Flange. The corporate Website's performance has degraded to the point where frustrated customers are searching for other suppliers. The IT operations staff investigates and determines that a problem with the J2EE application is a major contributor to the poor response time. This puts immediate pressure on the J2EE development team to identify and resolve the problem.After some initial investigation, the J2EE development team determines that the problem isn't in the J2EE tier, but can be traced to the database. The database team responds with arguments that the problem really is, after all, in the J2EE tier. Blamesmanship escalates, team spirit evaporates, confusion prevails, and customers and revenue continue to disappear.This common scenario highlights a significant need: to support better interoperability between the J2EE and database tiers, IT departments need to be able to act more quickly and decisively.The basic challenge: Naming the culpritJ2EE developers are often forced to participate in the blame game when lagging response times drive Website users away. The applications programmers develop on the middle tier must interoperate with the database, and when a performance bottleneck appears, it may show up as a problem on the J2EE tier when the database is the underlying cause. The real problem is interoperability. How do you optimally tune integration between those two tiers to maximize your application's performance? More to the point, how can you view the bottlenecks, identify the real troublemakers, and deal with them as quickly as possible?Many APM (application performance management) tools are available to help identify and resolve performance bottlenecks. Two common approaches to finding bottlenecks in J2EE applications are: 1. You use a dashboard with colored alerts to monitor the status of your systems. Green means all is well; yellow or red means you have a performance problem to deal with. The dashboard can also report on response times from the different components of your application. 2. Instead of waiting for performance to deteriorate enough to trigger a dashboard alert, you take a proactive approach and try to identify excessive response times or excessive resource usage. You can do that by examining the top service requests (in terms of response time) and drill down to see what components they invoke.Let's say you're a bank. One of your checking account customers has gone to your Website to get an account summary covering the last seven days. That customer clicks the Get Account Summary link.Get Account Summary starts by invoking a specific URL through the Web browser. Underneath, of course, it invokes many components that interact to provide the right output. In your search for bottlenecks, you start from the top invocations (in many cases, that would be a servlet's doGet() or doPost() method) and traverse the invocation tree to look at all the components invoked to service Get Account Summary, and then the components that they invoked, and so on, down to the lowest level, which, in many cases, would be the SQL call to the database using JDBC (Java Database Connectivity).希望采纳^_^。

java毕业论文英文文献

传播学毕业论文外文文献翻译

1.毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗

这个不用全部翻译的，只要选择自己需要的内容翻译。

翻译的外文文献可以是一篇，也可以是两篇，但英文字符要求不少于2万。选定外文文献后先给指导老师看，得到老师的确认通过后方可翻译。

扩展资料：

外文翻译需要注意的问题

1、外文文献的出处不要翻译成中文，且写在中文译文的右上角（不是放在页眉处）；会议要求：名称、地点、年份、卷（期），等。

2、作者姓名以及作者的工作单位也不用必须翻译。

3、abstract翻译成“摘要”，不要翻译成“文章摘要”等其他词语。

4、Key words翻译成“关键词” 。

5、introduction 翻译成“引言”（不是导言）。

6、注意排版格式，都是单排版，行距1.25，字号小4号，等（按照格式要求）。

7、各节的标号I、II等可以直接使用，不要再翻译成“第一部分”“第二部分”，等。

8、里面的图可以拷贝粘贴，但要将图标、横纵指标的英文标注翻译成中文。

9、里面的公式、表不可以拷贝粘贴，要自己重新录入、重新画表格。

参考资料：百度百科-毕业论文

2.毕业论文的外文文献及翻译怎么弄

原文就是指原作品，原件。即作者所写作品所用的语言。

如莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》原文是英语。译文就是翻译过来的文字，如在中国也可以找到莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的中文版本。

这个中文版本就称为译文回答者： xffjy - 见习魔法师三级 10-22 11:52。

3.大四,做毕业论文,想找一篇英文文献及翻译,与新闻有关,3000字左

4.毕业论文外文翻译是什么意思

毕业论文外文翻译：将外文参考文献翻译成中文版本。

翻译要求：

1、选定外文文献后先给指导老师看，得到老师的确认通过后方可翻译。

2、选择外文翻译时一定选择外国作者写的文章，可从学校中知网或者外文数据库下载。

3、外文翻译字数要求3000字以上，从外文文章起始处开始翻译，不允许从文章中间部分开始翻译，翻译必须结束于文章的一个大段落。

扩展资料：

外文翻译需要注意的问题

1、外文文献的出处不要翻译成中文，且写在中文译文的右上角（不是放在页眉处）；会议要求：名称、地点、年份、卷（期），等。

2、作者姓名以及作者的工作单位也不用必须翻译。

3、abstract翻译成“摘要”，不要翻译成“文章摘要”等其他词语。

4、Key words翻译成“关键词” 。

5、introduction 翻译成“引言”（不是导言）。

6、各节的标号I、II等可以直接使用，不要再翻译成“第一部分”“第二部分”，等。

7、注意排版格式，都是单排版，行距1.25，字号小4号，等（按照格式要求）。

8、里面的图可以拷贝粘贴，但要将图标、横纵指标的英文标注翻译成中文。

9、里面的公式、表不可以拷贝粘贴，要自己重新录入、重新画表格。

5.毕业论文外文文献翻译

6.毕业论文外文文献翻译重要吗

其实也只是考验一下你的英语能力

不是特别的重要

但是也是必须要翻译的

只翻译一部分是不行的

一般要求5000字以上

主要目的也是锻炼一下

另外这也是毕业设计的一个任务

翻译一下有可能以后工作的时候会遇到类似的安排

要你翻译了什么的

锻炼一下还是挺不错的

了解一下专业的英文论文是怎么写的

大多人翻译的还是比较中文式的

这不合规矩

外文文献有外文的规定

借此了解一下

5000字两三天就搞定了

认真的话可以多研究研究

7.急求毕业论文的外文翻译文献

传播学毕业论文外文文献翻译

plc毕业论文文献中英翻译

1.求PLC相关英文文献以及中文翻译——毕业设计急用

你要的不知是不是这个。

希望帮得了你。 Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of a PLC controller. CPU itself is usually one of the microcontrollers. Aforetime these were 8-bit microcontrollers such as 8051, and now these are 16-and 32-bit microcontrollers. Unspoken rule is that you'll find mostly Hitachi and Fujicu microcontrollers in PLC controllers by Japanese makers, Siemens in European controllers, and Motorola microcontrollers in American ones. CPU also takes care of communication, interconnectedness among other parts of PLC controllers, program execution, memory operation, overseeing input and setting up of an output. PLC controllers have complex routines for memory checkup in order to ensure that PLC memory was not damaged (memory checkup is done for safety reasons).Generally speaking, CPU unit makes a great number of check-ups of the PLC controller itself so eventual errors would be discovered early. You can simply look at any PLC controller and see that there are several indicators in the form. of light diodes for error signalization. System memory (today mostly implemented in FLASH technology) is used by a PLC for a process control system. Aside form. this operating system it also contains a user program translated forma ladder diagram to a binary form. FLASH memory contents can be changed only in case where user program is being changed. PLC controllers were used earlier instead of PLASH memory and have had EPROM memory instead of FLASH memory which had to be erased with UV lamp and programmed on programmers. With the use of FLASH technology this process was greatly shortened. Reprogramming a program memory is done through a serial cable in a program for application development. User memory is divided into blocks having special functions. Some parts of a memory are used for storing input and output status. The real status of an input is stored either as “1”or as “0”in a specific memory bit/ each input or output has one corresponding bit in memory. Other parts of memory are used to store variable contents for variables used in used program. For example, time value, or counter value would be stored in this part of the memory. PLC controller can be reprogrammed through a computer (usual way), but also through manual programmers (consoles). This practically means that each PLC controller can programmed through a computer if you have the software needed for programming. Today's transmission computers are ideal for reprogramming a PLC controller in factory itself. This is of great importance to industry. Once the system is corrected, it is also important to read the right program into a PLC again. It is also good to check from time to time whether program in a PLC has not changed. This helps to avoid hazardous situations in factory rooms (some automakers have established communication networks which regularly check programs in PLC controllers to ensure execution only of good programs). Almost every program for programming a PLC controller possesses various useful options such as: forced switching on and off of the system input/outputs (I/O lines), program follow up in real time as well as documenting a diagram. This documenting is necessary to understand and define failures and malfunctions. Programmer can add remarks, names of input or output devices, and comments that can be useful when finding errors, or with system maintenance. Adding comments and remarks enables any technician (and not just a person who developed the system) to understand a ladder diagram right away. Comments and remarks can even quote precisely part numbers if replacements would be needed. This would speed up a repair of any problems that come up due to bad parts. The old way was such that a person who developed a system had protection on the program, so nobody aside from this person could understand how it was done. Correctly documented ladder diagram allows any technician to understand thoroughly how system functions. Electrical supply is used in bringing electrical energy to central processing unit. Most PLC controllers work either at 24 VDC or 220 VAC. On some PLC controllers you'll find electrical supply as a separate module. Those are usually bigger PLC controllers, while small and medium series already contain the supply module. User has to determine how much current to take from I/O module to ensure that electrical supply provides appropriate amount of current. Different types of modules use different amounts of electrical current. This electrical 。

2.求PLC相关英文文献带中文翻译~急需~可加分100

Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of a PLC controller. CPU itself is usually one of the microcontrollers. Aforetime these were 8-bit microcontrollers such as 8051, and now these are 16-and 32-bit microcontrollers. Unspoken rule is that you'll find mostly Hitachi and Fujicu microcontrollers in PLC controllers by Japanese makers, Siemens in European controllers, and Motorola microcontrollers in American ones. CPU also takes care of communication, interconnectedness among other parts of PLC controllers, program execution, memory operation, overseeing input and setting up of an output. PLC controllers have complex routines for memory checkup in order to ensure that PLC memory was not damaged (memory checkup is done for safety reasons).Generally speaking, CPU unit makes a great number of check-ups of the PLC controller itself so eventual errors would be discovered early. You can simply look at any PLC controller and see that there are several indicators in the form. of light diodes for error signalization. System memory (today mostly implemented in FLASH technology) is used by a PLC for a process control system. Aside form. this operating system it also contains a user program translated forma ladder diagram to a binary form. FLASH memory contents can be changed only in case where user program is being changed. PLC controllers were used earlier instead of PLASH memory and have had EPROM memory instead of FLASH memory which had to be erased with UV lamp and programmed on programmers. With the use of FLASH technology this process was greatly shortened. Reprogramming a program memory is done through a serial cable in a program for application development. User memory is divided into blocks having special functions. Some parts of a memory are used for storing input and output status. The real status of an input is stored either as “1”or as “0”in a specific memory bit/ each input or output has one corresponding bit in memory. Other parts of memory are used to store variable contents for variables used in used program. For example, time value, or counter value would be stored in this part of the memory. PLC controller can be reprogrammed through a computer (usual way), but also through manual programmers (consoles). This practically means that each PLC controller can programmed through a computer if you have the software needed for programming. Today's transmission computers are ideal for reprogramming a PLC controller in factory itself. This is of great importance to industry. Once the system is corrected, it is also important to read the right program into a PLC again. It is also good to check from time to time whether program in a PLC has not changed. This helps to avoid hazardous situations in factory rooms (some automakers have established communication networks which regularly check programs in PLC controllers to ensure execution only of good programs). Almost every program for programming a PLC controller possesses various useful options such as: forced switching on and off of the system input/outputs (I/O lines), program follow up in real time as well as documenting a diagram. This documenting is necessary to understand and define failures and malfunctions. Programmer can add remarks, names of input or output devices, and comments that can be useful when finding errors, or with system maintenance. Adding comments and remarks enables any technician (and not just a person who developed the system) to understand a ladder diagram right away. Comments and remarks can even quote precisely part numbers if replacements would be needed. This would speed up a repair of any problems that come up due to bad parts. The old way was such that a person who developed a system had protection on the program, so nobody aside from this person could understand how it was done. Correctly documented ladder diagram allows any technician to understand thoroughly how system functions. Electrical supply is used in bringing electrical energy to central processing unit. Most PLC controllers work either at 24 VDC or 220 VAC. On some PLC controllers you'll find electrical supply as a separate module. Those are usually bigger PLC controllers, while small and medium series already contain the supply module. User has to determine how much current to take from I/O module to ensure that electrical supply provides appropriate amount of current. Different types of modules use different amounts of electrical current. This electrical supply is usually not used to start external 。

3.求一篇和PLC有关的英文文献,带中文翻译的,感激不尽

我在这里给你点搜索国际上常用的外文数据库： ---------------------------------------------------------- ❶ISI web of knowledge Engineering Village2 ❷Elsevier SDOL数据库 IEEE/IEE(IEL) ❸EBSCOhost RSC英国皇家化学学会 ❹ACM美国计算机学会 ASCE美国土木工程师学会 ❺Springer电子期刊 WorldSciNet电子期刊全文库 ❻Nature周刊 NetLibrary电子图书 ❼ProQuest学位论文全文数据库 ❽国道外文专题数据库 CALIS西文期刊目次数据库 ❾推荐使用ISI web of knowledge Engineering Village2 ----------------------------------------------------------- 中文翻译得自己做了，实在不成就谷歌翻译。

弄完之后，自己阅读几遍弄顺了就成啦。

4.plc的英文文献

[1]Michel Gilles.Programmabe Logic Controllers:Architecture and Application Wiley.1990.

[2]G.L.Batten. Programmabe Controllers:hardware.software and Application..New York:MC Graw-Hill.1994.

[3]Cheded.Al-Mulla. Control of a four-level elevator system using a programmable logic controller. International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education,2003

5.寻找有关PLC的英语文献书

Kevin Collins , PLC Programming for Industrial Automation , Exposure Publishing (February 5, 2007)

John R. Hackworth , Frederick D. Hackworth ,Programmable Logic Controllers: Programming Methods and Applications,Prentice Hall (April 21, 2003)

6.求一篇PLC外文文献

A water pumping control system with a programmable logic controller (PLC) and industrial wireless modules for industrial plants—An experimental setup

ISA Transactions, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 3 December 2010

Ramazan Bayindir, Yucel Cetince 写过一次的采纳一下

7.求一篇PLC外文文献

A water pumping control system with a programmable logic controller (PLC) and industrial wireless modules for industrial plants—An experimental setup

ISA Transactions, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 3 December 2010

Ramazan Bayindir, Yucel Cetince 写过一次的采纳一下

8.求关于PLC的中英文翻译资料

PLC简介可编程控制器是60年代末在美国首先出现的，当时叫可编程逻辑控制器PLC()，目的是用来取代继电器。

以执行逻辑判断、计时、计数等顺序控制功能。提出PLC概念的是美国通用汽车公司。

PLC的基本设计思想是把计算机功能完善、灵活、通用等优点和继电器控制系统的简单易懂、操作方便、价格便宜等优点结合起来，控制器的硬件是标准的、通用的。根据实际应用对象，将控制内容编成软件写入控制器的用户程序存储器内，使控制器和被控对象连接方便。

70年代中期以后，PLC已广泛地使用微处理器作为中央处理器，输入输出模块和外围电路也都采用了中、大规模甚至超大规模的集成电路，这时的PLC已不再是仅有逻辑（Logic）判断功能，还同时具有数据处理、PID调节和数据通信功能。国际电工委员会（IEC）颁布的可编程控制器标准草案中对可编程控制器作了如下的定义：可编程控制器是一种数字运算操作的电子系统，专为在工业环境下应用而设计。

它采用了可编程序的存储器，用来在其内部存储执行逻辑运算，顺序控制、定时、计数和算术运算等操作的指令，并通过数字式和模拟式的输入和输出，控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。可编程控制器及其有关外围设备，易于与工业控制系统联成一个整体，易于扩充其功能的设计。

可编程控制器对用户来说，是一种无触点设备，改变程序即可改变生产工艺。目前，可编程控制器已成为工厂自动化的强有力工具，得到了广泛的普及推广应用。

可编程控制器是面向用户的专用工业控制计算机，具有许多明显的特点。 ①可靠性高，抗干扰能力强； ②编程直观、简单； ③适应性好； ④功能完善，接口功能强。

Plc Introduction Programmable controller is the first in the late 1960s in the United States, then called Plc programmable logic controller () is used to replace relays. For the implementation of the logical judgement, timing, sequence number, and other control functions. The concept is presented Plc General Motors Corporation. Plc and the basic design is the computer functional improvements, flexible, generic and other advantages and relay control system simple and easy to operate, such as the advantages of cheap prices combined controller hardware is standard and overall. According to the practical application of target software in order to control the content of the user procedures memory controller, the controller and connecting the accused convenient target. In the mid-1970s, the Plc has been widely used as a central processing unit microprocessor, import export module and the external circuits are used, large-scale integrated circuits even when the Plc is no longer the only logical (IC) judgement functions also have data processing, PID conditioning and data communications functions. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards promulgated programmable controller for programmable controller draft made the following definition : programmable controller is a digital electronic computers operating system, specifically for applications in the industrial design environment. It used programmable memory, used to implement logic in their internal storage operations, sequence control, timing, counting and arithmetic operations, such as operating instructions, and through digital and analog input and output, the control of various types of machinery or production processes. Programmable controller and related peripherals, and industrial control systems easily linked to form a whole, to expand its functional design. Programmable controller for the user, is a non-contact equipment, the procedures can be changed to change production processes. The programmable controller has become a powerful tool for factory automation, widely popular replication. Programmable controller is user-oriented industries dedicated control computer, with many distinctive features. First, high reliability, anti-interference capability; Second programming visual, simple; Third, adaptability good； ④ functional improvements, strong functional interface.。

plc毕业论文文献中英翻译

毕业论文文献翻译模版

1.英文文献格式

[24] Allen, Richard S, Charles S. White, Margaret B. Takeda, Rewards and organizational performance in Japan and the United States,[J]. 2004, 7-14.Rewards and organizational performance in Japan and the United States这貌似不是一本书吧，是他们的成就的表现。

如果不是你就把这换成他们的书。[25] Marylin M. Helms, A comparison, Compensation and Benefits Review [J]. 2004, 7-14.[26] Andrews, Alice O,The effect of the chief executive officer's financial orientation,[M]. 2000,25(1), 93-106.[27] Theresa M, Welbourne, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice [M]. 2000,25(1), 93-106.[28] Heneman, Robert L., Judith W. Tansky, Sheng Wang , Compensation practices in small entrepreneurial and high-growth companies in the United States and China,[M],2002,13-22 [29]Zhong-Ming Wang, Compensation and Benefits Review,[M],2002,13-22 希望有帮助。

呵呵你看看，对你有帮助：毕业论文参考文献规范格式一、参考文献的类型参考文献（即引文出处）的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：M——专著 C——论文集 N——报纸文章 J——期刊文章 D——学位论文 R——报告对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。对于英文参考文献，还应注意以下两点：①作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则，具体格式是：姓，名字的首字母. 如： Malcolm Richard Cowley 应为：Cowley, M.R.，如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：Frank Norris 与Irving Gordon应为：Norris, F. & I.Gordon.；②书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：Mastering English Literature,English Weekly。

二、参考文献的格式及举例1.期刊类【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[J].刊名，出版年份，卷号（期号）：起止页码.【举例】 [1] 王海粟.浅议会计信息披露模式[J].财政研究，2004,21(1):56-58.[2] 夏鲁惠.高等学校毕业论文教学情况调研报告[J].高等理科教育，2004(1):46-52.[3] Heider, E.R.& D.C.Oliver. The structure of color space in naming and memory of two languages [J]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 1999, (3): 62 – 67.2.专著类【格式】[序号]作者.书名[M].出版地：出版社，出版年份：起止页码.【举例】[4] 葛家澍，林志军.现代西方财务会计理论[M].厦门：厦门大学出版社，2001:42.[5] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.3.报纸类【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[N].报纸名，出版日期（版次）.【举例】 [6] 李大伦.经济全球化的重要性[N]. 光明日报，1998-12-27(3).[7] French, W. Between Silences: A Voice from China[N]. Atlantic Weekly, 1987-8-15(33).4.论文集【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[C].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码.【举例】 [8] 伍蠡甫.西方文论选[C]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1979:12-17.[9] Spivak,G. “Can the Subaltern Speak?”[A]. In C.Nelson & L. Grossberg(eds.). Victory in Limbo: Imigism [C]. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, pp.271-313.[10] Almarza, G.G. Student foreign language teacher's knowledge growth [A]. In D.Freeman and J.C.Richards (eds.). Teacher Learning in Language Teaching [C]. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1996. pp.50-78.5.学位论文【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[D].出版地：保存者，出版年份：起始页码.【举例】 [11] 张筑生.微分半动力系统的不变集[D].北京：北京大学数学系数学研究所， 1983:1-7.6.研究报告【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[R].出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始页码.【举例】 [12] 冯西桥.核反应堆压力管道与压力容器的LBB分析[R].北京：清华大学核能技术设计研究院， 1997:9-10.7.条例【格式】[序号]颁布单位.条例名称.发布日期【举例】[15] 中华人民共和国科学技术委员会.科学技术期刊管理办法[Z].1991—06—058.译著【格式】[序号]原著作者. 书名[M].译者，译.出版地：出版社，出版年份：起止页码.三、注释注释是对论文正文中某一特定内容的进一步解释或补充说明。注释前面用圈码①、②、③等标识。

四、参考文献参考文献与文中注（王小龙，2005）对应。标号在标点符号内。

多个都需要标注出来，而不是1-6等等，并列写出来。

2.论文参考文献是百度百科的格式怎么写

毕业论文参考文献规范格式

一、参考文献的类型

参考文献（即引文出处）的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：

M——专著 C——论文集 N——报纸文章

J——期刊文章 D——学位论文 R——报告

对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。

对于英文参考文献，还应注意以下两点：

①作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则，具体格式是：姓，名字的首字母. 如： Malcolm Richard Cowley 应为：Cowley, M.R.，如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：Frank Norris 与Irving Gordon应为：Norris, F. & I.Gordon.;

②书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：Mastering English Literature,English Weekly。

3.毕业论文的参考文献格式怎么写

[1] 作者姓名，作者姓名.参考文献题目[J]. 期刊或杂志等名称，年份，卷（期数）：页码. [2] 刘凡丰. 美国研究型大学本科教育改革透视[J] . 高等教育研究，2003,5(1):18-19. 没有卷的就直接写2003(1)（本条为期刊杂志著录格式） [3] 谭丙煜.怎样撰写科学论文[M].2版.沈阳：辽宁人民出版社，1982:5-6.（本条为中文图书著录格式） [4] 作者姓名. 参考文献题目[D].南京：南京农业大学，2002：页码.（本条为硕士、博士论文著录格式） [5] 作者姓名. 参考文献题目[N].人民日报，2005-06-12.（本条为报纸著录格式） [6] 作者姓名. 参考文献题目[C]// 作者姓名.论文集名称.城市：出版单位（社），年代：页码.（本条为论文集著录格式） [7] 外国作者姓名. 参考文献题目[M].译者（名字），译.城市：出版单位，年代：页码.（本条为原著翻译中文的著录格式，多个译者可写为：***，***，***，等译.）。

4.毕业论文英文文献格式

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。

2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）

3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。

主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。

5、论文正文：

〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：

a.提出-论点；

b.分析问题-论据和论证；

c.解决问题-论证与步骤；

d.结论。

中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是：

(1)所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。

(2)所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

5.谁能给我一篇《翻译》的论文,它的样式是怎样的

CICI你好，单单只是《翻译》这种论文有很多方向，而且题材很广，可以用中英文写，你可以考虑你的特长与兴趣，如果没有特别要求，我还是推荐名著片断翻译吧，用中文写比较简单。

可以是《傲慢与偏见》、《简爱》，《呼啸山庄》，《茶花女》等片断的翻译，最好在文章里加一点翻译的技巧内容（可以在网上找），还有加上你自己对这篇翻译片段的评价就最好了。毕业论文应包括：封面、论文提纲、标题、论文摘要、正文、注释、参考文献。

对所引用的文献论文中必须注明引用著作的书名或论文名、作者、出版单位（或期刊名）、出版时间及页码，引用其他参考材料也应注明资料来源。封面：如果要打印出来就加个封面，这样效果比较好，至于封面怎样随你自己设计，别忘了写题头。

如“2003级**系**班学生毕业论文”。另外一页：文章格式1，论文题目____（不多于25字）2，班级___（学号）___3，姓名____4，指导老师（如果有就可以写上）_____5，论文摘要；摘要150—200字。

6，关键词：关键词排在摘要的下方，左对齐，选3-8个词语，使用规范汉字7，正文内容：毕业论文的内容容量应与所给予的时间及学分相适应，字数是按各个学校规定的，翻译的一般要5000字左右.8，注释：不得少于10个，格式采用“著者/出版年制”，即“序号，作者姓名，文献题目，发表的刊号，年，卷，期，页码”。序号采用“[1][2][3]……”形式。

8，参考文献：如果在文章中引用的一些语句，评价等是摘自某些书的，你就要在论文末尾注明这句是出自哪本书（书写格式是：〔编号〕，作者，书名，出版单位，年份，版次，页码），这样就可以增加你文章的可信度！7，附录：包括放在正文里过于冗长的公式，以备他人方便阅读所需的辅助性工具，重复性的数据图表.论文使用的符号意义，单位缩写，程序全名以及有关说明.（写翻译这种论文可以不用）8，打印日期。

6.毕业论文参考文献格式

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。

2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录） 3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。

字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。 4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。

关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。

主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。 5、论文正文：（1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。

引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义，并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。

〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容： a.提出-论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证； c.解决问题-论证与步骤； d.结论。

中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是：（1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

7.论文最后参考文献的格式

参考文献格式4.5参考文献的格式：论文参考文献的写法应按下列次序——著者/题名/出版事项，由于论文的参考文献品种繁多，择其主要示例如下：谭炳煌，1982.怎徉撰写科学论文.辽宁人民出版社，59Guinier A，施士元译，1959. X射线晶体学.科学出版社，148Pettetssen S, 1941. Introduction to Meterclogy. New York, McGraw-Hill, 200-210即著录书的著者的姓和名的首字母（中国人的名不缩写），出版年，句点，书名，句点，出版地点，出版者，特定页码。

李薰，1964.十年来中国冶金科学技术的发展.金属学报，7:442Bachmann W , 1973. Verallgemeinerung and Anwendung der Rayleighschen Theorie der Schallstreuung.Acustica, 28 (4):223-228即著录论文的著者的姓和名的首字母（中国人写全姓名），出版年，句点，论文题目，句点，期刊名缩写，卷（期）：页（每卷编连续页码的期刊不写期）。多著者的参考文献标注，在著录文献的著者时，如著者为三人以内，全部著录，如为四人以上，只著录至第三著者，加“et al.，著者最后的两人之间，不加“&”、“和”等类似的连接词。

（摘自《环境化学》，原文：“科学技术报告、学位论文和学术论文的编写格式” ）。

8.参考文献中的期刊的格式怎么写

期刊文章：

[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[J].刊名，年，卷（期）：起止页码.

例如：[1]何龄修.读南明史[J].中国史研究，1998,(3):167-173.

[2]OU J P,SOONG T T,et al.Recent advance in research on applications of passive energy dissipation systems[J].Earthquack Eng,1997,38(3):358-361.

扩展资料

参考文献类型及文献类型，根据GB3469-83《文献类型与文献载体代码》规定，以单字母方式标识：

专著M ；报纸N ；期刊J ；专利文献P；汇编G ；古籍O；技术标准S ;

学位论文D ；科技报告R；参考工具K ；检索工具W；档案B ；录音带A ;

图表Q；唱片L；产品样本X；录相带V；会议录C；中译文T;

乐谱I；电影片Y；手稿H；微缩胶卷U ；幻灯片Z；微缩平片F；其他E。

作为正文出现的参考文献序号后需加页码或页码范围的，该页码或页码范围也要作上标。作者和编辑需要仔细核对顺序编码制下的参考文献序号，做到序号与其所指示的文献同文后参考文献列表一致。另外，参考文献页码或页码范围也要准确无误。

参考资料来源：百度百科-参考文献标准格式

毕业论文文献翻译模版

计算机专业毕业论文英文文献及翻译

1.求计算机英文文献及翻译

去百度文库，查看完整内容>内容来自用户：tigforyNET- Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D.Ullman, Jennifer WisdomABSTRACTIn net-based collaborative design environment, design resources become more and more varied and complex.Besides common information management systems, design resources can be organized in connection with design activities.A set of activities and resources linked by logic relations can form a task. A task has at least one objective and can be broken down into smaller ones.So a design project can be separated into many subtasks forming a hierarchical structure.Task Management System (TMS)is designed to break down these tasks and assign certain resources to its task nodes.As a result of decomposition.al1 design resources and activities could be managed via this system.KEYWORDS:CollaborativeDesign, TaskManagementSystem (TMS), TaskDecomposition, with the rapid upgrade of request for advanced design methods, more and more design tool appeared to support new design methods and forms.Design in a web environment with multi-partners being involved requires a more powerful and efficient management system .Design partners can。

2.计算机英文原文参考文献

几个免费的pdf的：/subjects/computer-technology-essay.aspputers-and-technology-essay.asp是不是跟计算机有关的就行啊。

3.计算机网络工程毕业设计,需要计算机方面的英文文献及翻译,5000

可加我“扣扣”细谈，扣扣号码见我的ID附件2：外文原文The History of the InternetThe Beginning - ARPAnetThe Internet started as a project by the US government. The object of the project was to create a means of communications between long distance points, in the event of a nation wide emergency or, more specifically, nuclear war. The project was called ARPAnet, and it is what the Internet started as. Funded specifically for military communication, the engineers responsible for ARPANet had no idea of the possibilities of an "Internet." By definition, an 'Internet' is four or more computers connected by a network. ARPAnet achieved its network by using a protocol called TCP/IP. The basics around this protocol was that if information sent over a network failed to get through on one route, it would find another route to work with, as well as establishing a means for one computer to "talk" to another computer, regardless of whether it was a PC or a Macintosh. By the 80's ARPAnet, just years away from becoming the more well known Internet, had 200 computers. The Defense Department, satisfied with ARPAnets results, decided to fully adopt it into service, and connected many military computers and resources into the network. ARPAnet then had 562 computers on its network. By the year 1984, it had over 1000 computers on its network. In 1986 ARPAnet (supposedly) shut down, but only the organization shutdown, and the existing networks still existed between the more than 1000computers. It shut down due to a failied link up with NSF, who wanted toconnect its 5 countywide super computers into ARPAnet. With the funding of NSF, new high speed lines were successfully installedat line speeds of 56k (a normal modem nowadays) through telephone linesin 1988. By that time, there were 28,174 computers on the (by then decided) Internet. In 1989 there were 80,000 computers on it. By 1989, there were 290,000. Another network was built to support the incredible number of peoplejoining. It was constructed in 1992. Today - The InternetToday, the Internet has become one of the most important technological advancements in the history of humanity. Everyone wants to get 'on line' to experience the wealth of information of the Internet. Millions of people now use the Internet, and it's predicted that by the year 2003 every single person on the planet will have Internet access. The Internet ha起源——ARPAnetInternet是被美国政府作为一项工程进行开发的。

这项工程的目的，是为了建立远距离之间点与点的通信，以便处理国家军事范围内的紧急事件，例如核战争。这项工程被命名为ARPAnet，它就是Internet的前身。

建立此工程的主要应用对象就是军事通讯，那些负责ARPAnet的工程师们当时也没有想到它将成为“Internet”。根据定义，一个“Internet”应该由四或者更多的计算机连接起来的网络。

ARPAnet是通过一种叫TCP/IP的协议实现连网工作的。此协议最基础的工作原理是：如果信息在网络中的一条路径发送失败，那么它将找到其他路径进行发送，就好象建立一种语言以便一台计算机与其他计算机“交谈”一样，但不注意它是PC，或是Macintosh。

到了20世纪80年代，ARPAnet已经开始变成目前更为有名的Internet了，它拥有200台在线主机。国防部很满意ARPAnets的成果，于是决定全力将它培养为能够联系很多军事主机，资源共享的服务网络。

到了1984年，它就已经超过1000台主机在线了。在1986年ARPAnet关闭了，但仅仅是建立它的机构关闭了，而网络继续存在与超过1000台的主机之间。

由于使用NSF连接失败，ARPAnet才被关闭。NSF是将5个国家范围内的超级计算机连入ARPAnet。

随着NSF的建立，新的高速的传输介质被成功的使用，在1988年，用户能通过56k的电话线上网。在那个时候有28,174台主机连入Internet。

到了1989年有80,000台主机连入Internet。到1989年末，就有290,000台主机连入了。

另外还有其他网络被建立，并支持用户以惊人的数量接入。于1992年正式建立。

现状——Internet如今，Internet已经成为人类历史上最先进技术的一种。每个人都想“上网”去体验一下Internet中的信息财富。

成千上百的人都用Internet。预计，到了2003年世界上的每个人，都将拥有Internet接入。

Internet已经真正成为我们这个年代生活的一部分。由于计算机技术和网络技术每天都在改变，我们很难想象Internet下一步将发展成什么样子。

工作原理：现在，人们用Internet是一件很平常的事。他们通过Internet进行购物、玩游戏、聊天等娱乐活动。

Internet不仅仅是一件事物。Internet也会崩溃。

它的工作原理如同电话通信系统，只不过没有专门的Internet公司来经营Internet。Internet是成千上万台计算机互相连接的集合。

Internet就像是办公网络一样，不同的是，它有成千上万台计算机相连接。其中最主要的是Internet。

4.计算机专业英语论文参考文献

参考文献：

[1]中华人民共和国教育部.英语课程标准（实验稿）.北京师范大学出版社，2001版

[2]黄远振.新课程英语教与学[m] .福建教育出版社，2003.119~139

[3]林崇德.英语教育心理学[m] .北京教育出版社，2001.149~152

[4]李庭乡.英语教学法[m] .高等教育出版社，1986.95~98

好感动哦，找半天终于找到了，这个对我来说真的好难，不知道对不对哦，希望能对你有帮助。哈哈

5.求有关计算机方面的英语论文.带翻译

ASP 个人网站（毕业设计+论文）

（专业且庞大的的毕业设计论文技术人员，超大数量的毕业论文范文，专业代做毕业设计，代写毕业论文，彻底帮您解决毕业设计的难题，专业毕业设计网原创发布最新发布）

摘要：计算机技术的发展，特别是网络技术的飞速发展，给文档的保存和管理提供极大的方便。本论文中，将软件工程的基本原理和方法应用到整个系统，并对其进行需求分析，提出了解决问题的具体方法。在具体制作中，用ASP技术来实现B/S系统，ASP技术与数据库技术结合，用户在浏览器端可以随意查询自己需要的标本，而数据的后台操作则由服务器端处理。这样提高了网页的互动性，使整个系统能更好的为用户服务。

关键词：软件工程 ASP 动态网页

The Digitization of Southwest Forestry College's Sample Room

—The Construction of Dynamic Websites

Chen Hai

(Dept. of Computer and Information Science, Southwest Forestry College, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China)

Abstract:With the rapidly developing of computer technology, especially in the network, the storage and management of file is more convenient. In this paper, the basic theory and the method of the soft project were used in the whole system, and basing on the analysis of the system's demand, the measure was brought forward. In the building of the network, ASP technology was used to realize B/S system. Because of the integrity of ASP technology and Database technology the users can inquire about the specimen they need freely with the disposal of data by the server. In this way ,the inter dynamic of the webpage was improved and the whole system could server the users better..

Key words:Soft Project; ASP; Dynamic Webpage

详细出处参考：

6.求计算机毕业论文要求的外文翻译

原发布者：ww83428601

毕业论文外文文献翻译要求一、翻译的外文文献可以是一篇，也可以是两篇，但英文字符要求不少于2万二、翻译的外文文献应主要选自学术期刊、学术会议的文章、有关著作及其他相关材料，应与毕业论文（设计）主题相关，并在中文译文首页用“脚注”形式注明原文作者及出处，外文原文后应附中文译文。三、中文译文的基本撰写格式为：1.题目：采用三号、黑体字、居中打印；2.正文：采用小四号、宋体字，行间距一般为固定值20磅，标准字符间距。页边距为左3cm，右2.5cm，上下各2.5cm，页面统一采用A4纸。四、英文的基本撰写格式为：1.题目：采用三号、TimesNewRoman字、加黑、居中打印2.正文：采用小四号、TimesNewRoman字。行间距一般为固定值20磅，标准字符间距。页边距为左3cm，右2.5cm，上下各2.5cm，页面统一采用A4纸.3.脚注：五号，TimesNewRoman，顺序为作者.题目.出处，五、封面格式由学校统一制作（注：封面上的“翻译题目”指中文译文的题目，封面中文小四号宋体，英文小四号TimesNewRoman），六、装订：左侧均匀装订，上下共两个钉，并按“封面、外文原文、译文”的顺序统一装订。七、忌自行更改表格样式大连工业大学艺术与信息工程学院毕业设计（论文）外文文献外文题目翻译题目系别专业班级学生姓名指导教师大连工业大学艺术与信息工程学院毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目名称系别专业班级学生姓名指导教师开题报告日期年月

7.计算机毕业论文英文摘要翻译

With the rapid development of science and technology, the automation of library management software and hardware required conditions are ripe. Therefore, I thought according to software engineering and management information system development steps to school libraries in the context of application requirements, design and development of the library management system.This article describes Borland JBuilder 2006 Enterprise development environment, the detailed process of the system, made of library information management, the basic objective of sharing resources, thus promoting the pace towards the digital library, and described the system design and functional design, from the Book of the storage register to the query view, from the library card issued to borrow books form a whole automated management, software engineering point of view from a scientific and rigorous exposition.楼主请采纳。

8.求计算机毕业论文要求的外文翻译

VB to create long time timer object Pick to: in this paper, the Timer control in VB program used to create a long time Timer object, and the compiled into ActiveX DLL components, using the code reusability, in other applications. Keywords: Vb timer object VB system provides the intrinsic Timer control, by giving the Timer Interval attribute to set the Timer control of different values, can control the time Interval Timer runs, but this attribute is a double byte an integer value, only is set to 65535, namely, only about one minute 65535 milliseconds, a little more time in a long time, when needed, this control is powerless. In this paper, a Timer control with long time to create the Timer object, and compiled into ActiveX DLL components, calling for other applications, can achieve maximum utilization of code reusability. The following are the ultra-long timer, programmable design process of the object reference for readers. 1 programming Start a new VB, engineering project, ActiveX DLL named NewTimer Class1, module name LongTimer renamed. Add a form in engineering, in the form Form1 joined a Timer Timer control Timer1. Open LongTimer module, especially robust food Ge sash ? naaman Mao? Br > Option Explicit Public Event Tick () 'declaration events Nz As Integer programing Programing Integer As cs M_Form As Form1 programing M_Timer WithEvents programing Timer 'declare objects such As variable 'return Enable attribute values Succeedas Enabled （� Public Boolean As） M_Timer = Enabled. Enabled Succeedas End 'setting Enable attribute values Public ByVal (vNewValue succeedas Enabled = nz Then RaiseEvent Tick Cs = 0 End If Sub End Form1 form only for the carrier, not Timer1 timer for display. 2 test NewTimer. DLL To test, the DLL ActiveX parts with standard EXE, can be divided into operation or the single step. In the written code after all, users are suggested to use the shortcut Ctrl + compiler implementation, F5 NewTimer program that checks grammatical mistakes. Also can build a test engineering and NewTimer links for testing, NewTimer module provided by each attribute and events, add the test code to test their properties and methods. Press F8, into one single step, look for NewTimer module statement calling. 3 NewTimer compiler. DLL Complete test, eliminate all wrong, from "file (F) menu, select" generation NewTimer. DLL (K) "the order, the compiler NewTimer generation, DLLS. Compile successfully NewTimer. After the DLL will automatically register Windows registry, 4 NewTimer references. DLL Quote ActiveX DLL components references to other objects, from "engineering (P) menu, select" references (N), "open window, from references cited NewTimer selected object list. If it is the first time in NewTimer cited references, click on "tour form (B)" command button that will add to NewTimer. DLL can quote the list box can be used. 5. Call NewTimer. DLL In an application to join the program code, and NewTimer DLL calls:. Explicit Option LongTimer1 As LongTimer WithEvents Dim Sub programing LongTimer1_Tick () Locate 14, 20: Print "time to add processing procedure, here." Sub End Sub programing Command1_Click () LongTimer1 Interval = 12000. "two minutes LongTimer1 Enabled. = True Sub End Sub programing Form_Load () Set LongTimer1 = New LongTimer Sub End References [2] the arrow. Basic5.0 Visual studio in Chinese programming. Tsinghua university press, 1997 [3]. Basic5 Visual Petroutsos Evangelos from approaches to master. Beijing: electronic industry press, 1997 VB中创建超长时间计时器对象摘要：本文介绍在VB程序中用Timer控件创建一个超长时间的计时器对象，将其编译成ActiveX DLL部件，利用代码的可重用性，在其它应用程序中调用。

关键词：Vb 计时器对象 VB系统中提供了固有计时器Timer控件，通过给计时器控件的Interval属性设置不同的数值，就可以控制计时器运行的时间间隔，但该属性是一个双字节的整型变量，最大值只能设置为65535，即只有65535毫秒，约一分钟多一点，在需要长时间计时时，该控件就无能为力了。本文给出用Timer控件创建一个超长时间的计时器对象，并将其编译成ActiveX DLL部件，供其它应用程序调用，可实现最大限度地利用代码的可重用性。

下面给出这个超长计时器对象的编程设计过程，供读者参考选用。 1.编写程序启动VB，新建一个ActiveX DLL工程，将工程命名为NewTimer，将类模块名Class1改名为LongTimer。

在工程中添加一个窗体Form1，在窗体上加入一个Timer计时器控件Timer1。打开LongTimer类模块，尤肴缦鲁绦虼？耄？br> Option Explicit Public Event Tick（) '声明事件 Private nz As Integer Private 。

9.求计算机英文文献及翻译

Computer network virus and precautions With the new network technology and application of the continuous rapid development of the computer network should Use of becoming increasingly widespread, the role played by the increasingly important computer networks and human More inseparable from the lives of the community's reliance on them will keep growing. With With the continuous development of computer technology, the virus has become increasingly complex and senior, the new generation of Computer viruses make full use of certain commonly used operating systems and application software for protection of the weak low Spots have rampant in recent years as the popularity of the Internet in the world, will be attached document containing the virus The situation in the mail has been increasing spread of the virus through the Internet, making the spread of the virus speed Sharp also increased, by an ever-increasing scope of the infection. Therefore, the protection of the security of computer networks will be Will become increasingly important. A computer virus The definition of computer virus computer virus (Computer Virus) in the "people's republic of China The computer information system security protection regulations "which has been clearly defined, the virus" refers to the preparation or Computer program inserted in the damage or destruction of computer data functions, affecting computer use Self-replication and can a group of computer instructions, or code. " Second, network virus With the development of network and the Internet, a wider spread, the greater New harm The virus emerged This is the Internet virus. The virus is an emerging concept in the traditional The virus was not classified network virus this concept, because the development of networks, the traditional virus The network also has a number of characteristics. Today's Internet virus is a broad notion of a As as long as it is carried out using the Internet to spread destruction can be known as network viruses, such as: "Love the back door", "Panda burning incense." Third, network virus and the distinction between computer virus The original common computer virus is nothing more than the devastating formatted hard drive, delete system With the users documents, databases, etc. destruction. The mode of transmission is through nothing but also by virus infection Mutual copy of the software, carrying the virus, such as the use of pirated optical discs, such as infection disk systems The pilot virus and infected executable file virus, in addition to a network virus These are the common characteristics of the virus, but also steal users with remote data, remote control of the other side Computers and other damaged properties, such as Trojan and consumption of funding the operation of the network computer Source collapse of the network server worm. Fourth, the network against virus Network destructive virus, will directly affect the work of the network, ranging from lowering speed video Ring for the efficiency of the network, while in the collapse, undermining the server information to a multi-year work destroyed Dan. Because viruses and other network annually fraud led to economic losses of over 16 billion yuan, But this figure is constantly rising year by year. The next few years, the size of the market will reach Security 60 billion yuan. One antivirus software experts pointed out: "Network avian flu virus even more." Such as: "Xiong Cat burning incense "In addition to virus infection through the web site users, the latest virus also through QQ Loopholes in propagating itself through file-sharing networks, the default sharing, weak password systems, U disk and windows Forms bottom of the top mobile hard drives, and other means of communication. While LAN once a computer machine For infection, it can spread through the entire network instant, or even within a very short period of time can be infected Thousands of computers, can lead to serious networks. Symptoms of poisoning in the performance of computers There are enforceable. Exe files have become a strange pattern, the pattern shown as "Panda Burning incense, "and then System blue screen, restart the frequent, hard drive data destruction, serious entire company All computer LAN will all poisoning. "Panda burning incense," only more than half a month, a few varieties have high Of more than 50, and the number of its users infected constantly expanding. Makes infected, "Panda burn incense" disease The personal drug users has been as high as several million people infected with a few more corporate users is rising 。

10.计算机专业英语论文翻译

We introduce flash teams, a framework for dynamically assembling and managing paid experts from the crowd. Flash

teams advance a vision of expert crowd work that accomplishes complex, interdependent goals such as engineering

and design. These teams consist of sequences of linked modular tasks and handoffs that can be computationally managed.

Interactive systems reason about and manipulate these teams'

structures: for example, flash teams can be recombined to

form larger organizations and authored automatically in response to a user's request. Flash teams can also hire more

people elastically in reaction to task needs, and pipeline intermediate output to accelerate completion times. To enable

flash teams, we present Foundry, an end-user authoring platform and runtime manager. Foundry allows users to author

modular tasks, then manages teams through handoffs of intermediate work. We demonstrate that Foundry and flash teams

enable crowdsourcing of a broad class of goals including design prototyping, course development, and film animation, in

half the work time of traditional self-managed teams.

计算机专业毕业论文英文文献及翻译

转载请注明出处众文网 » 毕业论文中的英文文献翻译是在附件里么

1.毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗

2.毕业论文外文翻译是什么意思

3.急求毕业论文的外文翻译文献

4.英语专业毕业论文中 关于翻译著作的英文参考文献

5.毕业论文外文文献翻译

6.求助一篇毕业论文文献翻译部分的英文文献原文~~~

1.毕业论文的外文文献及翻译怎么弄

2.英语专业毕业论文中 关于翻译著作的英文参考文献

3.毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗

4.本科毕业外文翻译的外文文献在哪找呢

5.英语专业翻译方向毕业论文如何选题

6.我是英语专业的,要写本科毕业论文,关于翻译方面的,什么方向什么

1.急求毕业论文题目的英文翻译

2.英语专业毕业论文题目,翻译方向

3.英语专业翻译方向毕业论文如何选题

4.学术论文题目的英文翻译方法

1.关于电子商务环境下物流配送方面的英文文献

2.如何寻找毕业论文中的英文文献及翻译

3.毕业论文外文文献翻译

4.大四,做毕业论文,想找一篇英文文献及翻译,与新闻有关,3000字左

5.求助一篇毕业论文文献翻译部分的英文文献原文~~~

1.会计论文相关的英语参考文献

2.会计论文相关的英语参考文献

3.找会计的英文参考文献

4.会计的英文参考文献

5.求会计类论文英文5个参考文献

6.急~~谁帮忙找篇关于会计的英文文献啊 翻译成一千字的中文··谢谢

7.求会计毕业论文摘要的英文翻译

8.关于企业财务分析的相关英文参考文献

9.会计毕业论文英语摘要 翻译

1.求四篇关于java的外国文献,用到毕设里的参考文献的

2.有关java方面的英文参考文献

3.谁有关于java三大框架有关的近五年的外文文献,帮忙推荐几个,我

4.求一篇关于JAVA或者JMF的英文文献

5.我做的毕业设计是跟JAVA相关的题目,现在在做外文文献翻译,求教

6.关于java的英文文献,出版社是外国的

7.急求毕业论文的外文翻译文献

8.毕业论文外文文献翻译

9.J2EE参考文献,中英文对照,毕业论文用的

10.高分求J2EE英文文献

1.毕业论文要求外文文献,外文文献需要全文翻译吗

2.毕业论文的外文文献及翻译怎么弄

3.大四,做毕业论文,想找一篇英文文献及翻译,与新闻有关,3000字左

4.毕业论文外文翻译是什么意思

5.毕业论文外文文献翻译

6.毕业论文外文文献翻译重要吗

7.急求毕业论文的外文翻译文献

1.求PLC相关英文文献 以及 中文翻译——毕业设计急用

2.求PLC相关英文文献带中文翻译~急需~可加分100

3.求一篇和PLC有关的英文文献,带中文翻译的,感激不尽

4.plc的英文文献

5.寻找有关PLC的英语文献书

6.求一篇PLC外文文献

7.求一篇PLC外文文献

8.求关于PLC的中英文翻译资料

1.英文文献格式

2.论文参考文献是百度百科的格式怎么写

3.毕业论文的参考文献格式怎么写

4.毕业论文英文文献格式

5.谁能给我一篇《翻译》的论文,它的样式是怎样的

6.毕业论文参考文献格式

7.论文最后参考文献的格式

8.参考文献中的期刊的格式怎么写

1.求计算机英文文献及翻译

2.计算机英文原文参考文献

3.计算机网络工程毕业设计,需要计算机方面的英文文献及翻译,5000

4.计算机专业英语论文参考文献

5.求有关计算机方面的英语论文.带翻译

6.求计算机毕业论文要求的外文翻译

7.计算机毕业论文英文摘要翻译

8.求计算机毕业论文要求的外文翻译

9.求计算机英文文献及翻译

10.计算机专业英语论文翻译

4.英语专业毕业论文中关于翻译著作的英文参考文献

2.英语专业毕业论文中关于翻译著作的英文参考文献

6.急~~谁帮忙找篇关于会计的英文文献啊翻译成一千字的中文··谢谢

9.会计毕业论文英语摘要翻译

1.求PLC相关英文文献以及中文翻译——毕业设计急用